Birthdays:
1985 ~ Humza Haroon Yousaf, Scottish politician. He is the First Minister of Scotland. He assumed that office in 2023 and became the first Muslim to hold that Office. He was born in Rutherglen, Scotland.
1964 ~ Russell Crowe (né Russell Ira Crowe), New Zealand-born actor. He was born in Wellington, New Zealand.
1956 ~ Christopher Darden (né Christopher Allen Darden), American lawyer best known as being on the co-prosecutor in the O.J. Simpson murder trial. He was born in Richmond, California.
1955 ~ Tim Cochran (né Thomas Daniel Cochran, d. Dec. 16, 2014), American mathematician. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died suddenly at age 59 in Houston, Texas.
1954 ~ Jackie Chan (né Chan Kong-sang), Chinese actor and martial artist. He was born in Hong Kong.
1945 ~ Joël Robuchon (d. Aug. 6, 2018), French chef who created a culinary empire. He was born in Poitiers, France. He died of cancer at age 73 in Geneva, Switzerland.
1939 ~ Sir David Frost (né David Paradine Frost; d. Aug. 31, 2013), British journalist most famous for his interviews with United States President Richard Nixon. He was the master interviewer who got President Nixon to apologize. He died of a heart attack at age 74 while aboard a cruise ship.
1939 ~ Francis Ford Coppola, American film director, best known for his The Godfather movies. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.
1938 ~ Jerry Brown (né Edmund Gerald Brown), American politician and 34th and 39th Governor of California. He served his first term from January 1975 until January 1983. He assumed office in his second term in January 2011. He was born in San Francisco, California.
1935 ~ Hodding Carter (né Willing Hodding Carter, III; d. May 11, 2023), American journalist and politician. He was the voice of calm in the Iran hostage crisis. During the Carter Administration, he was the spokesperson for the United States Department of State. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He died about a month after his 88th birthday in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
1933 ~ Wayne Rogers (né William Wayne McMillan Rogers, III; d. Dec. 31, 2015), American actor best known for his role as Trapper John from M*A*S*H. He was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He died of complications from pneumonia at age 82 in Los Angeles, California.
1931 ~ Daniel Ellsberg (d. June 16, 2023), American political activist and analyst who leaked the Pentagon Papers. He is best known for his role in releasing the Pentagon Papers in 1971 about the United States’ involvement in the Vietnam War. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 92 in Kensington, California.
1928 ~ Alan Jay Pakula (d. Nov. 19, 1998), American film director best known for Sophie’s Choice and All the President’s Men. He was born in The Bronx, New York. He was killed in a car accident at age 70 in Melville, New York.
1928 ~ James Garner (né James Scott Bumgarner; d. July 19, 2014), American actor who put brains before brawn. He was best known for his roles as Bret Maverick and Jim Rockford in the television shows, Maverick and The Rockford Files. He was born in Norman, Oklahoma. He died of a heart attack at age 86 in Los Angeles, California.
1921 ~ Feza Gürsey (d. Apr. 13, 1992), Turkish mathematician. He was born in Istanbul, Turkey. He died 6 days after his 71st birthday in New Haven, Connecticut.
1920 ~ Ravi Shankar (né Rabindro Shankar Chowdhury; d. Dec. 11, 2012), Indian musician and sitar player. He died at age 92 in San Diego, California.
1918 ~ Bobby Doerr (né Robert Pershing Doerr; d. Nov. 13, 2017), American professional baseball Hall of Famer who served as the Boston Red Sox’s “silent captain.” He spent his entire career with the Red Sox from 1937 until 1951. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He died at age 99 in Junction City, Oregon.
1915 ~ Billie Holiday (née Eleanora Fagan; d. July 17, 1959), African-American singer and songwriter. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She died of liver disease at age 44 in New York, New York.
1897 ~ Walter Winchell (d. Feb. 20, 1972), American journalist, gossip commentator and broadcaster. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 74 of prostate cancer in Los Angeles, California.
1896 ~ D.W. Winnicott (né Donald Woods Winnicott; d. Jan. 25, 1971), British psychoanalyst. He died at age 74 in London, England.
1893 ~ Allen Dulles (né Allan Welsh Dulles; d. Jan. 29, 1969), 5th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. He served under President Dwight David Eisenhower and John F. Kennedy from February 1953 until November 1961. He resigned following the Bay of Pigs incident. He was born in Watertown, New York. He died of influenza at age 75 in Washington, D.C.
1891 ~ Ole Kirk Christiansen (d. Mar. 11, 1958), Danish businessman, carpenter and toymaker. He founded Legos. He died of a heart attack less than a month before his 67th birthday.
1890 ~ Marjory Stoneman Douglas (d. May 14, 1998), American journalist, environmental activist, and feminist. She was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. She died at age 108 in Miami, Florida.
1889 ~ Gabriela Mistral (née Lucila de María del Perpetuo Socorro Godoy Alcayaga; d. Jan. 10, 1957), Chilean writer, educator, and diplomat. She was the recipient of the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature. She was the first Latin American woman to be awarded this Prize. She was born in Vicuña, Chile. She died of pancreatic cancer at age 67 in Hempstead, New York.
1860 ~ Will Keith Kellogg (d. Oct. 6, 1951), American industrialist and food manufacturer. He was the founder of the Kellogg’s Company. He was born and died in Battle Creek, Michigan. He died at age 91 of heart failure.
1853 ~ Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (né Leopold George Duncan Albert; d. Mar. 28, 1884), member of the British Royal Family. In 1882, he married Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont (1861 ~ 1922). They had two children. He was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. He was the eight child and youngest son of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert. He had haemophilia and 10 days before his 31st birthday.
1811 ~ Hasan Tahsini (d. July 3, 1881), Albanian astronomer and mathematician. He died at age 70 in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire.
1786 ~ William R. King (né William Rufus DeVane King; d. April 18, 1853), 13th Vice President of the United States. He served under President Franklin Pierce from March 1853 until April 1853. He had been ill with tuberculosis and had gone to Cuba to recover his health. Because of this, he was allowed by an Act of Congress to take his oath as Vice President outside the United States. He also as Vice President for only 6 weeks before he died. He was born in Sampson County, North Carolina. He died 11 days after his 67th birthday in Selma, Alabama.
1772 ~ Charles Fourier (né François Marie Charles Fourier; d. Oct. 10, 1837), French philosopher. He died at age 65 in Paris, France.
1770 ~ William Wordsworth (d. Apr. 23, 1850), English poet and Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom. He died 16 days after his 80th birthday.
1652 ~ Pope Clement XII (né Lorenzo Corsini; b. Feb. 6, 1740). He was Pope from July 1730 until his death 10 years later. He is known for having had the Trevi Fountain constructed. He died in Rome, Italy at age 87.
1506 ~ Saint Francis Xavier (né Francisco de Jasso y Azpiliceuta; d. Dec. 3, 1552). Spanish missionary and co-founder of the Society of Jesus. He died of a fever at age 48.
566 ~ Gao Zu (d. June 25, 635), Chinese emperor and founder of the Tang Dynasty. He ruled from June 618 until 626, when he retired in favor of his son, Emperor Taisong. He died at age 69.
Events that Changed the World:
2023 ~ Good Friday.
2022 ~ Ketanji Brown Jackson (b. 1970) became the first Black woman to be confirmed to the United States Supreme Court. The vote (53-47) in the Senate fell largely along party lines. Only Republican Senators Mitt Romney (Utah), Susan Collins (Maine) and Lisa Murkowski (Alaska) joined the Democrats to support the confirmation. She will be the first former public defender ever to serve on the Supreme Court.
2021 ~ The Center for Disease Control and Prevention announced that the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant of the Covid-19 virus had become the dominant strain in the United States.
2020 ~ Wisconsin held its Democratic presidential primary. Joe Biden (b. 1942) won the primary.
2020 ~ China ended its lockdown in Wuhan which had been in effect since January 23, 2020.
2018 ~ During the Syrian civil war, the Syrian Air Force dropped barrel bombs filled with poisonous gas on the rebel-held enclave of Douma, a suburb of Damascus. At least 70 people were killed and over 500 were injured in chemical attack. Victims included many women and children.
2017 ~ A terror attack occurred in Stockholm when a stolen truck rammed into a crowd of people. Five people were killed, and several others were injured.
2009 ~ Former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori (b. 1938) was sentenced to 25 years in prison for ordering the kidnapping and killing by the security forces during his governmental regime. In March 2022, he was released from prison.
2003 ~ United States troops captured Bagdad, Iraq. Saddam Hussein’s regime collapsed two days later, on April 9.
1994 ~ Civil War and widespread massacre of the Tutsis erupted in Kigali, Rwanda. An estimated 500,000 to 1 Million innocent civilian Tutsis and Hutus were killed in the massacre. Rwandan forces discouraged international intervention after murdering 10 Belgian peacekeeping officers. The roots of this genocide traced back to the early 1990s when President Juvenal Habyarimana (1937 ~ 1994), a Hutu, began using anti-Tutsi rhetoric to consolidate his power.
1980 ~ The United States severed relations with the Islamic Republic of Iran.
1967 ~ Film critic Roger Ebert (1942 ~ 2013) published his first film review. It appeared in the Chicago Sun-Times.
1953 ~ Dag Hammarskjöld (1905 ~ 1961) was appointed as the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
1949 ~ South Pacific, the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical, opened on Broadway. It went on to run for nearly 2000 performances and won 10 Tony Awards.
1948 ~ The United Nations established the World Health Organization.
1943 ~ The National Football League mandated players to wear helmets while playing football.
1943 ~ In Terebovlia, Ukraine, the Nazis ordered 1,100 Jews to parade through the city in their underwear to the nearby village of Plebanivka where they were all murdered and buried in ditches.
1940 ~ Booker T. Washington (1856 ~ 1915) became the first African-American to be depicted on a United States postage stamp.
1933 ~ Nazi Germany issued the Law for the Restoration of Professional Civil Service, which banned Jews and political dissidents from holding civil service jobs.
1933 ~ Prohibition in the United States was repealed for beer, 8 months before the ratification of the 21st Amendment, which repealed prohibition in its entirety. April 7, thus became known as National Beer Day.
1927 ~ The first long distance public television broadcast was made, showing an image of Commerce Secretary, Herbert Hoover (1874 ~ 1964). The broadcast was sent from Washington, D.C. to New York City.
1922 ~ Albert B. Fall (1861 ~ 1944), Secretary of the Interior under the Warren Harding administration, leased the Teapot Dome petroleum reserves in Wyoming, to specific private companies without going through the proper competitive bid process. This became known as the Teapot Dome scandal.
1906 ~ Mount Vesuvius erupted causing massive damage to the city of Naples, Italy.
1862 ~ The Battle of Shiloh during the American Civil War ended after Union Army defeated the Confederate Army near Shiloh, Tennessee.
1449 ~ Felix V (1383 ~ 1451) abdicated his claim to the papacy, thereby ending the reign of the final Antipope.
1348 ~ Charles University in Prague was established as the first university in Central Europe. The institution is also known historically as Prague University.
1141 ~ Empress Matilda (1102 ~ 1167) became the first female ruler of England. She ruled until 1148, when King Stephen regained the throne. She took the title of Lady of the English.
451 ~ Attila the Hun (403 ~ 453) is said to have attacked and sacked the town of Metz and other cities in Gaul.
Good-Byes:
2023 ~ Harry Lorayne (né Harry Ratzner; b. May 4, 1924), American magician with the world’s greatest memory. He was born in New York, New York. He died at about a month before his 97th birthday in Newburyport, Massachusetts.
2023 ~ Ben Ferencz (né Benjamin Berell Ferencz; b. Mar. 11, 1920), Hungarian-born American Jewish lawyer who prosecuted Nazis. He investigated Nazi war crimes and was the chief prosecutor for the United States Army at the Einsatzgruppen Trial, one of the Nuremberg Trials. He is the last surviving prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials. Although born in Hungary, he was an infant when his family emigrated to the United States. He died about a month after his 103rdbirthday in Boynton Beach, Florida.
2020 ~ Hal Willner (b. Apr. 6, 1956), American left-field music producer. He collaborated with such musicians as Lou Reed and Tom Waits and had overseen Saturday Night Live’s musical sketches since 1980. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died in New York, New York one day after his 64th birthday of complications of Covid-19.
2020 ~ John Prine (b. Oct. 10, 1946), American singer-songwriter who saw poetry in everyday lives. He was born in Maywood, Illinois. He died from complications of Covid-19 in Nashville, Tennessee at age 73.
2020 ~ Allen Garfield (né Allen Goorwitz; b. Nov. 22, 1939), American supporting actor known for portraying talky, nervy characters. He was born in Newark, New Jersey. He died in Los Angeles, California from complications of Covid-19 at age 80.
2017 ~ Patricia McKissack (née Patricia L’Ann Carwell; b. Aug. 9, 1944), African-American children’s author who championed black heroes. She was born in Smyrna, Tennessee. She died at age 72 in Bridgeton, Missouri.
2015 ~ Stan Freberg (né Stanley Victor Friberg; b. Aug. 7, 1926), American comedian and satirist who made commercials funny. He also created a humorous album on American history entitled Stan Freberg Modestly Presents the United States of America. He was born in Pasadena, California. He died at age 88 in Santa Monica, California.
2014 ~ Sandy Green (né James Alexander Green; b. Feb. 26, 1926), Scottish mathematician. He was born in Rochester, New York. He died at age 88.
2013 ~ Lilly Pulitzer (née Lillian Lee McKim; b. Nov. 10, 1931), American fashion designer. She was born in Roslyn, New York. She died at age 81 in Palm Beach, Florida.
2012 ~ Mike Wallace (né Myron Leon Wallace, b. May 9, 1918), American journalist and media personality. He was the veteran journalist who always got the scoop. His son is reporter Chris Wallace. He was born in Brookline, Massachusetts. He died about a month before his 94th birthday in New Canaan, Connecticut.
2009 ~ Dave Arneson (né David Lance Arneson; b. Oct. 1, 1947), American gamester who co-invented Dungeons and Dragons. He was born in Hennepin County, Minnesota. He died of cancer at age 61 in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
2007 ~ Johnny Hart (né John Lewis Hart; b. Feb. 18, 1931), American cartoonist, best known for creating the comic strip B.C. and co-creating The Wizard of Id. He was also a fundamentalist Christian. He was born in Endicott, New York. He died at age 76 in Nineveh, New York.
1986 ~ Leonid Kantorovich (b. Jan. 19, 1912), Russian mathematician and economist. He was the recipient of the 1975 Nobel Prize in Economics. He was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia. He died at age 74 in Moscow, Russia.
1984 ~ Frank Church (né Frank Forrester Church, III; b. July 25, 1924), American politician and United States Senator from Idaho. He was born in Boise, Idaho. He died at age 59 from a pancreatic tumor in Bethesda, Maryland.
1955 ~ Theda Bara (née Theodosia Burr Goodman; b. July 29, 1885), American silent film actress best known for her role in The Vamp. She was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. She died of stomach cancer at age 69 in Los Angeles, California.
1950 ~ Walter Huston (né Walter Thomas Houghston; b. Apr. 5, 1883), Canadian actor. He was the father of director John Huston and the grandfather of actress Anjelica Huston. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. He died 2 days after his 67th birthday of an aortic aneurysm in Beverly Hills, California.
1947 ~ Henry Ford (b. July 30, 1863), American automobile manufacturer and pioneer. He founded the Ford Motor Company. He was also known for being virulently antisemitic. He was born in Springwells Township, Michigan. He died at age 83 in Dearborn, Michigan.
1945 ~ Elizabeth Lucy, Princess Bibesco (née Elizabeth Lucy Asquith; b. Feb. 26, 1897), English author and socialite. She was the daughter of British Prime Minister H.H. Asquith. In 1919, she married Prince Antoine Bibesco, a Romanian diplomat. She was born in London, England. She died in Bucharest, Romania at age 48 of complications of pneumonia.
1943 ~ Alexandre Millerand (b. Feb. 10, 1859), French lawyer and President of France from September 1920 until June 1924. He was born in Paris, France. He died at age 84 in Versailles, Occupied France.
1938 ~ Suzanne Valadon (née Marie-Clémentine Valadon; b. Sept. 23, 1865), French model and artist. At age 18, she gave birth to painter Maurice Utrillo. She died at age 72 in Paris, France.
1900 ~ Frederic Edwin Church (b. May 4, 1826), American landscape painter. He was born in Hartford, Connecticut. He died in New York, New York about a month before his 74th birthday.
1891 ~ P.T. Barnum (né Phineas Taylor Barnum; b. July 5, 1810), American showman, businessman, scam artist and entertainer. He was a co-founder of the Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus. He also served as the Mayor of Bridgeport, Connecticut from 1875 to 1876. He was the subject of the 2017 movie, The Greatest Showman, starring Hugh Jackson. He was born in Bethel, Connecticut. Barnum died at age 80 in Bridgeport, Connecticut.
1844 ~ Morgan Lewis (b. Oct. 16, 1754), 3rd Governor of New York. He served as Governor from July 1804 until June 1807. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died at age 89.
1823 ~ Jacques Charles (né Jacques Alexandre César Charles; b. Nov. 12, 1746), French physicist and mathematician. He died at age 76 in Paris, France.
1816 ~ Archduchess Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este (b. Dec. 14, 1787), Empress consort and third wife of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (1768 ~ 1835). They married in 1808. She was of the House of Austria-Este. She was the daughter of Ferdinand Karl, Archduke of Austria-Este and Maria Beatrice d’Este, Duchess of Massa. She died of tuberculosis at age 28.
1761 ~ Thomas Bayes (b. 1701), English mathematician and Presbyterian minister. He was born in London, England. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been 59 at the time of his death.
1614 ~ El Greco (né Doménikos Theotokópoulos, b. October 1541), Greek-born painter who did most of his work in Spain. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 72 or 73 at the time of his death.
1503 ~ Sophia Palaiologina (née Zoe Palaiologina; b. 1449), Grand Princess consort of Moscow. She was the second wife of Ivan III, Grand Prince of Russia. She was the grandmother of Ivan the Terrible. She was of the House of Palaiologos. She was the daughter of Thomas Palaiologos and Catherine Zaccaria. She was Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox. The exact date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been about 53 or 54 at the time of her death.
1498 ~ Charles VIII, King of France (b. June 30, 1470). He became king at age 13. He was ruled from August 1483 until his death in April 1498. He was married to Anne, Duchess of Britany. He was of the House of Valois. He was the son of Louis XI, King of France and Charlotte of Savoy. He died at age 27 when he struck his head on the lintel of a door. He is believed to have suffered from a subdural hematoma.
924 ~ Berengar I, Emperor of Italy (b. 845). He ruled Italy from 915 until his death 9 years later. He is best known as Berengar of Friuli. He was married to Bertila of Spoleto. He was of the House of Unruocings. He was the son of Eberhard Friuli and Gisela. The exact dates of his birth and death are not known.
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