Birthdays:
1973 ~ Pharrell Williams (né Pharrell Lanscilo Williams), African-American rapper. He was born in Virginia Beach, Virginia.
1969 ~ Rochelle Walensky (née Rochelle Paula Bersoff), American physician and scientist. In January 2021, she became the 19th Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. She served in that Office through June 2023. She was born in Peabody, Massachusetts.
1952 ~ Mitch Pileggi (né Mitchell Craig Pileggi), American actor. He was born in Portland, Oregon.
1951 ~ Dean Kamen, American engineer, and inventor. He is the founder of the Segway, Inc. He was born in Rockville Centre, New York.
1949 ~ Judith Resnik (née Judith Arlene Resnik; Jan. 28, 1986), American astronaut who was killed in the destruction of the Space Shuttle Challenger. She was born in Akron, Ohio. She was 36 years old.
1943 ~ Elena Ferrante, Italian novelist. Her name is a pseudonym. She was born in Naples, Italy.
1941 ~ Michael Moriarty, American actor. He is best known for his role as District Attorney Benjamin Stone from the television drama Law & Order. After his stint on Law & Order ended, he moved to Canada and was granted citizenship. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.
1937 ~ Colin Powell (né Colin Luther Powell; d. Oct. 18, 2021), American Army General and soldier who became American’s top statesman. He served as the 1st African-American, and 65th Secretary of State. He served in this Office during the George W. Bush administration, from January 2001 until January 2005. He also served as the 16th National Security Advisor under President Ronald Reagan. He was born in Harlem, New York. He died in Bethesda, Maryland at age 84 of complications from Covid-19.
1937 ~ Maryanne Trump Barry (née Maryanne Trump; d. Nov. 13, 2023), American sister of Donald Trump who became a federal judge. She served on the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit from September 1999 until June 2011. She was born and died in New York City. She died of cancer at age 86.
1933 ~ Frank Gorshin (né Frank John Gorshin, Jr.; d. May 17, 2005), American comedian best known for his role as The Riddler on Batman. He was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. He died at age 72 of lung cancer in Burbank, California.
1933 ~ Barbara Holland (née Barbara Murray Holland; d. Sept. 7, 2010), American writer who celebrated her vices, such as drinking and smoking cigarettes. She was born in Washington, D.C. She died at age 77 of lung cancer in Bluemont, Virginia.
1929 ~ Ivar Giaever, Norwegian physicist, and recipient of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Bergen, Norway.
1925 ~ Janet Rowley (née Janet Davidson; d. Dec. 17, 2013), American biologist and geneticist. She was the first scientist to identify chromosomal translocation as the cause of leukemia and other cancers. She was born in New York, New York. She died at age 88 in Chicago, Illinois of complications of ovarian cancer.
1921 ~ Jerzy Kluger (d. Dec. 31, 2011), Polish-born Jewish confident of Pope John Paul II. They were childhood friends and remained so throughout their lives. He was born in Kraków, Poland. He died at age 90 in Rome, Italy.
1920 ~ Arthur Hailey (né Arthur Frederick Hailey; d. Nov. 24, 2004), British-Canadian author. He was born in England. He wrote such books as Hotel and Airport. He died at age 84 in the Bahamas.
1916 ~ Gregory Peck (né Eldred Gregory Peck; d. June 12, 2003), American actor, best known for his role as Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird. He was born in San Diego, California. He died at age 87 of bronchopneumonia in Los Angeles. California.
1908 ~ Bette Davis (née Ruth Elizabeth Davis; d. Oct. 6, 1989), American actress. She was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. She died at age 81 of breast cancer in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
1908 ~ Ernestine Gilbreth Carey (née Ernestine Moller Gilbreth; d. Nov. 4, 2006), American author. She is best known as being one of 12 children of Lillian and Frank Gilbreth, whose life was chronicled in the 1948 memoir Cheaper by the Dozen. She was born in New York, New York. She died at age 98 in Fresno, California.
1900 ~ Spencer Tracy (né Spencer Bonaventure Tracy; d. June 10, 1967), American actor. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He died at age 67 of a heart attack in Beverly Hills, California.
1887 ~ Hedwig Kohn (d. Mar. 26, 1964), German physicist and one of three women to earn habilitation prior to World War II. She earned her Ph.D. in 1913 and obtained her habilitation in 1930. She was forced to leave German under Nazi regime and ultimately moved to the United States. She was born in Breslau, German Empire. She died 10 days before her 78th birthday in Durham, North Carolina.
1886 ~ Gustavo Jiménez (d. Mar. 15, 1933), Peruvian colonel and President of Peru for 6 days from March 5 through March 11, 1931. He was born in Tarma, Peru. He died 3 weeks before his 47th birthday in Lima, Peru.
1883 ~ Walter Huston (né Walter Thomas Houghston; d. Apr. 7, 1950), Canadian actor. He was the father of director John Huston and the grandfather of actress Anjelica Huston. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. He died 2 days after his 67th birthday of an aortic aneurysm in Beverly Hills, California.
1872 ~ Samuel Cate Prescott (d. Mar. 19, 1962), American microbiologist and food scientist. He was born in South Hampton, New Hampshire. He died at age 89 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1869 ~ Sergey Chaplygin (d. Oct. 8, 1942), Russian physicist and mathematician. He died at age 73.
1863 ~ Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine (d. Sept. 24, 1950), wife of Prince Louis of Battenberg (1854 ~ 1921). They married in 1854. During World War I, she and her husband abandoned their German titles and adopted the surname Mountbatten. She was of the House of Hesse-Darmstadt. She was the daughter of Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hess and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom. She was the granddaughter of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom. She was the maternal grandmother of Philip, Prince of Edinburgh. She died at age 87.
1858 ~ Washington Atlee Burpee (d. Nov. 26, 1915), Canadian horticulturist and founder of the Burpee Seed Company. He was born in Sheffield, New Brunswick. He died at age 57 in Doylestown, Pennsylvania.
1856 ~ Booker T. Washington (né Booker Taliaferro Washington; d. Nov. 14, 1915), African-American educator and civil rights activist. The actual date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been born on April 5, 1856. He was born in Hale’s Ford, Virginia. He died at age 59 in Tuskegee, Alabama.
1827 ~ Sir Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister (d. Feb. 10, 1912), English surgeon, who developed the practice of antiseptic surgery. He died at age 84.
1816 ~ Samuel Freeman Miller (d. Oct. 13, 1890), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Abraham Lincoln. He replaced Peter Daniel on the Court. He was succeeded by Henry Brown. He was in office from July 1862 until his death 28 years later. He was born in Richmond, Virginia. He died in Washington, D.C. He was 74 years old at the time of his death.
1761 ~ Sybil Ludington (d. Feb. 26, 1839), heroine of the American Revolutionary War. At age 16, she rode her horse 40 miles throughout the night of April 22, 1777 to warn the militiamen that British troops were planning to attack Danbury, Connecticut. She was born in Fredericksburg, New York. She died at age 77 in Catskill, New York.
1649 ~ Elihu Yale (d. July 8, 1721), American–born Welch businessman and slave trader. He was a major benefactor of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, which is named in his honor. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, British America. He died at age 72 in London, England.
1622 ~ Vincenzo Viviani (d. Sept. 22, 1703), Italian mathematician. He was born and died in Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany. He died at age 81.
1588 ~ Thomas Hobbes (d. Dec. 4, 1679), English philosopher. He is considered the Father of Modern Political Science. He died at age 91.
1568 ~ Pope Urban VIII (né Maffeo Vincenzo Barberini, d. July 29, 1644). He was Pope from August 1623 until his death 21 years later. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he was baptized on April 5, 1568. He died at age 76.
1549 ~ Princess Elizabeth Vasa (d. Nov. 20, 1597), member of the Swedish royal family. She became the Duchess consort of Mecklenburg and second wife of Christopher, Duke of Mecklenburg (1537 ~ 1592) when they married in 1581. She was of the House of Vasa. She was the daughter of Gustav I, King of Sweden and Margaret Leijonhufvud. She died at age 48.
1472 ~ Bianca Maria Sforza (d. Dec. 31, 1510), Holy Roman Empress consort and Italian wife of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (1459 ~ 1519). They married in 1494. He was her second husband, and she was his third wife. She had previously been married to Philibert I, Duke of Savoy (1465 ~ 1482). They married in 1474. He died at age 17 and she was widowed at age 10. She was of the House of Sforza. She was the daughter of Galaezzo Maria Sforza and Bona of Savoy. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 38.
1170 ~ Isabella of Hainault (d. Mar. 15, 1190), Queen consort of France and first wife of Philip II, King of France (1165 ~ 1223). They married in 1180. She was of the House of Flanders. She was the daughter of Baldwin V, Count of Hainault and Margaret, Countess of Flanders. She died giving birth to twins 3 weeks before her 20th birthday. The twins died 4 days after their birth.
Events that Changed the World:
2023 ~ First night of Passover.
2021 ~ Nguyễn Xuân Phúc (b. 1954) took office as President of Vietnam. He held this Office until January 2023 when he resigned due to allegations of corruption.
2021 ~ Easter Sunday.
2020 ~ Palm Sunday.
2015 ~ Easter Sunday.
2010 ~ An explosion at the Upper Big Branch Mine in West Virginia killed 29 coal miners.
1992 ~ Alberto Fujimori (b. 1938), President of Peru, dissolved the Peruvian congress by military force. He would later be found guilty and sentenced to prison for human rights abuses during his presidency.
1955 ~ Winston Churchill (1874 ~ 1965) resigned as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
1951 ~ Ethel (1915 ~ 1953) and Julius (1918 ~ 1953) Rosenberg were sentenced to death for espionage with the Soviet Union.
1949 ~ The St. Anthony’s Hospital fire in Effingham, Illinois killed 74 people, including patients and staff. The majority of those killed were either female or under the age of 12. The aftermath of the fire led to nationwide fire code improvements in the United States.
1936 ~ Massive tornadoes killed over 230 people in Tupelo, Mississippi.
1922 ~ The American Birth Control League, founded by Margaret Sanger (1879 ~ 1966), and the predecessor of Planned Parenthood, was incorporated.
1879 ~ Chile declared war on Bolivia and Peru, thus starting the War of the Pacific, which raged through 1883.
1862 ~ The Battle of Yorktown during the American Civil War began.
1792 ~ President George Washington (1732 ~ 1799) exercised his presidential authority to veto a bill enacted by Congress. Congress had enacted a law that would increase the number of United States Representatives from 67 to 120. Congress failed to override Washington’s veto, but instead revised the bill to provide for 103 members, based on the new census data.
1722 ~ Dutch explorer Jacob Roggeveen (1659 ~ 1729) discovered Easter Island. The name of the island resulted from this “discovery” which happened to fall on Easter Sunday.
1710 ~ Copyright law was established in the United Kingdom.
1621 ~ The Mayflower set sail from Plymouth, Massachusetts on a return trip to England.
1614 ~ Pocahontas (1595 ~ 1617) married John Rolfe (1585 ~ 1622) in Virginia.
Good-byes:
2022 ~ Bobby Rydell (né Robert Louis Ridarelli; b. Apr. 526 1942), American teen singer who set young hearts aflame. He was the heartthrob of the bobby-soxers. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died of complications of pneumonia 21 days before his 80th birthday in Abington Township, Pennsylvania.
2022 ~ Sidney Altman (b. May 7, 1939), Canadian molecular biologist, and recipient of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the catalytic properties of RNA. He was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He died in Rockleigh, New Jersey about a month before his 83rd birthday.
2021 ~ Marshall Sahlins (né Marshall David Sahlins; b. Dec. 27, 1930), American cultural anthropologist. He is best known for his ethnographic work in the Pacific and for his contributions to anthropological theory. He was born and died in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 90.
2021 ~ Joye Hummel (née Joye Evelyn Hummel; b. Apr. 4, 1924), American author and comic book writer who helped bring Wonder Woman to life. She was born in Long Island, New York. She died 1 day after her 97th birthday in Winter Haven, Florida.
2020 ~ Honor Blackman (b. Aug. 22, 1925), British actress. She was best known for her role as Cathy Gale on The Avengers. She died at age 94.
2020 ~ Margaret Burbidge (née Eleanor Margaret Peachey; b. Aug. 12, 1919), British-born American astrophysicist. She was born in Davenport, Stockport, United Kingdom. She died at age 100 in San Francisco, California.
2019 ~ Sydney Brenner (b. Jan. 13, 1927), South African biologist and Nobel laureate who read the code of life. He was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the genetic code. He died at age 92.
2015 ~ Richard Dysart (né Richard Allen Dysart; b. Mar. 30, 1929), American actor best known for his role as Leland McKenzie on LA Law. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died in Santa Monica, California 6 days after his 86thbirthday.
2015 ~ Barbara Bergmann (née Barbara Rose Bergman; b. July 20, 1927), American feminist economist. Her work focused on such topics as childcare, gender issues pertaining to poverty and Social Security. She supported assisted suicide. She was born in The Bronx, New York. She died by suicide in Bethesda, Maryland. She was 87 at the time of her death.
2014 ~ Peter Matthiessen (b. May 22, 1927), American author who roamed the wild. He was born in New York, New York. He died of leukemia at age 86 in Sagaponack, New York.
2011 ~ Baruch Samuel Blumberg (b. July 28, 1925), American physician and recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the study of kuru. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died at age 85 in Mountain View, California.
2009 ~ I.J. Good (né Isadore Jacob Gudak; b. Dec. 9, 1916), British mathematician and cryptologist. He worked with Alan Turing. He was born in London, England. He died at age 92 in Radford, Virginia.
2008 ~ Charlton Heston (né John Charles Carter; b. Oct. 4, 1923), American actor and advocate for the National Rifle Association. He was born in Wilmette, Illinois. He died at age 84 in Beverly Hills, California.
2005 ~ Saul Bellow (né Solomon Bellows; b. June 10, 1915), Canadian-born Jewish novelist and recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born in Lachine, Quebec, Canada. He died at age 89 in Brookline, Massachusetts.
2005 ~ Dale Messick (née Dalia Messick, b. Apr. 11, 1906), American author and illustrator. She was the creator of the comic Brenda Starr. She was born in South Bend, Indiana. She died 6 days before her 99th birthday in Sonoma County, California.
2004 ~ Heiner Zieschang (b. Nov. 12, 1936), German mathematician. His field of mathematics was topology. He died at age 67.
2000 ~ Lee Petty (né Lee Arnold Petty; b. Mar. 14, 1914), American racecar driver and father of racer Richard Petty. He was born in Randleman, North Carolina. He died 3 weeks after his 86th birthday of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in Greensboro, North Carolina.
1997 ~ Allen Ginsberg (né Irwin Allen Ginsberg; b. June 3, 1926), American beat-poet. He was born in Newark, New Jersey. He died of liver cancer at age 70 in New York, New York.
1994 ~ Kurt Cobain (né Kurt Donald Cobain; b. Feb. 20, 1967), American musician and front-man for Nirvana. He was born in Aberdeen, Washington. He died by suicide at age 27 in Seattle, Washington.
1992 ~ Sam Walton (né Samuel Moore Walton; b. Mar. 29, 1918), American retailer and founder of Wal-Mart and Sam’s Club stores. He was born in Kingfisher, Oklahoma. He died of multiple myeloma about a week after his 74th birthday in Little Rock, Arkansas.
1992 ~ Molly Picon (née Malka Opiekun; b. Feb. 28, 1898), American actress. She began her career in the Yiddish theater. She was born in New York, New York. She died at age 94 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
1982 ~ Abe Fortas (né Abraham Fortas; b. June 19, 1910), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Lyndon Johnson. He replaced Arthur Goldberg on the Court. He served on the Court from October 1965 until May 1969. He was born in Memphis, Tennessee. He died at age 71 of a ruptured aorta in Washington, D.C.
1976 ~ Howard Hughes (né Howard Robard Hughes, Jr.; b. Dec. 24, 1905), American hermit and aviator. He was born and died in Houston, Texas. He died of kidney at age 70.
1976 ~ Wilder Penfield (né Wilder Graves Penfield; b. Jan. 26, 1891), Canadian-American neurosurgeon. He is best known for treatment of epilepsy by surgery. He was born in Spokane, Washington. He died at age 85 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
1975 ~ Chiang Kai-shek (b. Oct. 31, 1887), 1st President of the Republic of China. He died at age 87.
1967 ~ Hermann Joseph Muller (b. Dec. 21, 1890), American geneticist and recipient of the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He is best known for his work on the effects of radiation on living cells. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 76 in Indianapolis, Indiana.
1964 ~ Douglas MacArthur (b. Jan. 26, 1880), American 5 Star General. He served during World War II. He was born in Little Rock, Arkansas. He died at age 84 in Washington, D.C.
1955 ~ Tibor Szele (b. June 21, 1918), Hungarian mathematician. He is best known for his work in combinatorics and abstract algebra. He died at age 36 of complications from influenza.
1954 ~ Princess Märtha of Sweden (b. Mar. 28, 1901), member of the Swedish royal family and wife of Prince Olav of Norway (1903 ~ 1991). They married in 1929 and she became the Crown Princess of Norway. They were the parents of Harald V, King of Norway. Her husband later became Olav V, King of Norway, however Märtha died before he ascended to the throne, thus was never the queen consort. She was of the House of Bernadotte. She was the daughter of Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland and Princess Ingeborg of Denmark. She died of cancer 8 days after her 53rd birthday.
1933 ~ Hjalmar Mellin (né Robert Hjalmar Mellin; b. June 19, 1854), Finnish mathematician. He died at age 78 in Helsinki, Finland.
1923 ~ George Hebert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon (b. June 26, 1866), English banker and financier of Howard Carter’s archeological expeditions which lead to the discovery of King Tut’s tomb. He was born in London, England. He died at age 56 from an infected mosquito bite in Cairo, Egypt.
1900 ~ Joseph Louis François Bertrand (b. Mar. 11, 1822), French mathematician. He was born and died in Paris France. He died less than a month before his 79th birthday.
1861 ~ Ferdinand Joachimsthal (b. Mar. 9, 1818), German mathematician. He died less than a month after his 43rdbirthday.
1751 ~ Frederick I, King of Sweden (b. Apr. 28, 1676). He reigned as King from March 24, 1720 until his death in April 1751. He was married twice. His 1st wife, whom he married in 1700, was Princess Luise Dorothea of Prussia (1680 ~ 1705). When they married, he was the Hereditary Prince of Hesse-Kassel. They had 2 daughters. She died in childbirth in December 1705, thus was never the queen consort. In 1715, he married Ulrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden (1688 ~ 1741). During the first years of their marriage, he was the Prince consort of Sweden. She abdicated in favor of her husband, allowing him to reign as King. There were no surviving children of his second marriage, however, he had 3 illegitimate children with his mistress, Hedvig Taube (1714 ~ 1744). He was of the House of Hesse-Kassel. He was the son of Charles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Maria Amalia of Courland. He died 23 days before his 75th birthday.
1697 ~ Charles XI, King of Sweden (b. Nov. 24, 1655). He ruled Sweden from February 1660 until his death 27 years later. During this period in Swedish history, his reign was known as the Swedish Empire. He married Princess Ulrika Eleanora of Denmark (1656 ~ 1693) in 1680. He was of the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken. He was the son of Charles X, King of Sweden and Hedwig Eleanora of Holstein-Gottorp. He was Lutheran. He died at age 41 of stomach cancer.
1695 ~ George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax (b. Nov. 11, 1633), English statesman, writer, and politician. He died in London, England at age 61.
1684 ~ William Brouncker (b. 1620), English mathematician. He was the first president of the Royal Society. He was born in Castlelyons, Ireland. He died in London, England. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 64 at the time of his death.
1626 ~ Anna Koltovskaya (b. 1552), Tsarisita consort of All Russia and fourth wife of Ivan IV, Tsar of Russia (1530 ~ 1584), also known as Ivan the Terrible. He repudiated her after 2 years of marriage and she was sent to a convent where she spent the rest of her life. She was of the Rurik Dynasty. She was the daughter of Alexei Koltovski and an unnamed mother. She was Russian Orthodoc. The date of her birth is not known. She is believed to have been about 73 or 74 at the time of her death.
1612 ~ Diana Schultori (b. 1547), Italian engraver. She is one of the earliest known female printmakers. The exact dates of her birth and death are not known. She is believed to have died at about age 65.
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