Birthdays:
1974 ~ Victoria Beckham (née Victoria Caroline Adams), British singer and front woman for the Spice Girls. She was known as Posh Spice. She is married to soccer star, David Beckham. She was born in Harlow, Essex, England.
1972 ~ Jennifer Garner (née Jennifer Anne Garner), American actress. She was born in Houston, Texas.
1967 ~ Henry Cusick (né Henry Ian Cusick), Peruvian-Scottish actor. He was born in Trujillo, Peru.
1957 ~ Nick Hornby (né Nicholas Peter John Hornby), British novelist. He was born in Redhill, Surry, England.
1951 ~ Olivia Hussey (née Olivia Osuna), British actress best known for her role as Juliette in Franco Zeffirelli’s 1968 version of Romeo and Juliette. She was born in Bueno Aires, Argentina.
1948 ~ John Gray (né John Nicholas Gray), British political philosopher. He was born in South Shields, England.
1946 ~ Georges J. F. Köhler (né Georges Jean Franz Köhler; d. Mar. 1, 1995), German biologist and recipient of the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died of heart failure at age 48.
1943 ~ Robert L. Kuttner, American journalist and writer. His writings primarily focus on economics and business matters. He was born in New York, New York.
1942 ~ Katia Krafft (née Catherine Joséphine Conrad; d. June 3, 1991), French volcanologist. She and her husband, Maurice Krafft, were known for being pioneers in filming and photographing volcanos. She was born in Guebwiller, France. She and her husband were killed in a pyroclastic lava flow on Mount Unzen in Japan. She died at age 49.
1940 ~ Chuck Menville (né Charles David Menville; d. June 15, 1992), American animator and screenwriter. He was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He died of non-Hodgkin lymphoma at age 52 in Malibu, California.
1940 ~ Ira von Fürstenberg (née Princess Virginia von Fürstenberg; d. Feb. 18, 2024), Italian socialite who lived a public life of glamor and heartbreak. Her father was a poor nobleman and her mother’s family-owned Fiat. She was born and died in Rome, Italy. She died at age 83.
1935 ~ Bud Paxson (né Lowell White Paxson; d. Jan. 9, 2015), American entrepreneur who put shopping on TV. He was born in Rochester, New York. He was the co-creator of The Home Shopping Network. He died at age 79 in Kalispell, Montana.
1928 ~ Cynthia Ozick (née Cynthia Shoshana Ozick), American writer. She was born in New York, New York.
1927 ~ Margot Honecker (née Margot Feist; d. May 6, 2016), German ideologue who indoctrinated East Germany. She was an East German politician and wife of Erich Honecker, leader of East Germany’s Socialist Unity Party. She was one of East Germany’s most hated women. After the collapse of East Germany, she and her husband fled to the Soviet Union. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, they fled to Chile. She died in Santiago, Chile 19 days after her 89thbirthday.
1923 ~ Harry Reasoner (né Harry Truman Reasoner; d. Aug. 6, 1991), American journalist and co-founder of 60 Minutes. He was born in Dakota City, Iowa. He died in Westport, Connecticut of a blood clot to the brain after a fall. He was 68 years old.
1918 ~ William Holden (né William Franklin Beedle, Jr.; d. Nov. 12, 1981), American actor. He is best known for his role in Network. He was born in O’Fallon, Illinois. He bled to death because of a fall. He died at age 63 in Santa Monica, California.
1915 ~ Jimmy James (né Bertram Arthur James; b. Jan. 18, 2008), British RAF flier who was a participant in, and survivor of, the Great Escape during World War II, which was later depicted in the movie of the same name. He died at age 85.
1912 ~ Marta Eggerth (d. Dec. 26, 2013), Hungarian-born actress and soprano who became the grande dame of operetta. She was born in Budapest, Austria-Hungary. She died at age 101 in Rye, New York.
1909 ~ Alain Poher (d. Dec. 9, 1996), President of France. He died at age 87 in Paris, France.
1897 ~ Thornton Wilder (né Thornton Niven Wilder; d. Dec. 7, 1975), American dramatist. He is best known for his play Our Town, and his novel The Bridge of San Luis Rey. He was born in Madison, Wisconsin. He died of heart failure at age 78 in Hamden, Connecticut.
1896 ~ Señor Wences (né Wenceslao Moreno; d. Apr. 20, 1999), Spanish-American ventriloquist. He died 3 days after his 103rd birthday in New York, New York.
1893 ~ Irene Castle (née Irene Foote; d. Jan. 25, 1969), American dancer. She was born in New Rochelle, New York. She died at age 75 in Eureka Springs, Arkansas.
1885 ~ Baroness Karen von Blixen-Finecke, (née Karen Christenze Denesen; d. Sept. 7, 1962), Danish author who wrote under the name Isak Dinesen. She is best known for her memoir, Out of Africa. She was born and died in Rungsted, Denmark. She died at age 77.
1884 ~ Leo Frank (né Leo Max Frank; d. Aug. 17, 1915), American-Jewish factory superintendent who was falsely accused and convicted of murder of a 13-year-old girl. He was hanged by a lynch mob in Georgia. This case drew attention to the rising anti-Semitism in America. He was born in Cuero, Texas. He was murdered at age 31 in Marietta, Georgia. Years later the actual murderer confessed.
1863 ~ Augustus Edward Hough Love (d. June 5, 1940), English mathematician. He died at age 77.
1859 ~ Willis Van Devanter (d. Feb. 8, 1941), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President William Taft. He replaced Edward White on the Court. He was succeeded by Hugo Black. He served on the Court from December 1910 until June 1937. He was born in Marion, Indiana. He died in Washington, D.C., at age 81.
1849 ~ William R. Day (né William Rufus Day; d. July 9, 1923), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Theodore Roosevelt. He replaced George Shiras, Jr., on the Court. He was succeeded by Pierce Butler. He served on the Court from February 1903 until November 1922. He had previously served for 6 months as the 36th United States Secretary of State in the William McKinley administration. He was born in Ravenna, Ohio. He died at Mackinac Island, Michigan at age 74.
1837 ~ J.P. Morgan (né John Pierpoint Morgan; d. Mar. 31, 1913), American financier. He was born in Hartford, Connecticut. He died 17 days before his 76th birthday in Rome, Italy.
1820 ~ Alexander Cartwright, Jr. (né Alexander Joy Cartwright, Jr.; d. July 12, 1892), American firefighter. He is credited with inventing the game of baseball. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 72 in Honolulu, O’ahu, Kingdom of Hawaii..
1798 ~ Étienne Bobillier (d. Mar. 22, 1840), French mathematician. He died of an illness less than a month before his 42nd birthday. The crater Bobillier on the moon is named in his honor.
1774 ~ Friedrich Koenig (né Friedrich Gottlob Koenig; d. Jan. 17, 1833), German inventor best known for the invention of the high-speed steam-powered printing press. He died at age 58.
1741 ~ Samuel Chase (d. June 19, 1811), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President George Washington. He replaced John Blair on the Court. He served on the Court from January 1796 until his death in June 1811. President Jefferson believed that he should be removed from the court on grounds of demonstrating bias. In 1804, the House of Representatives voted to impeach him on alleged political bias. The Senate voted to acquit him, and he served on the court until his death a few years later. Chase was also a signatory to the Declaration of Independence. He was born in Somerset County, Maryland, British America. He died at age 70 in Baltimore Maryland.
1732 ~ John Blair, Jr. (d. Aug. 31, 1800), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated by President George Washington and was on the first High Court. He served on the Court from September 1789 until October 1975. He was replaced by Samuel Chase, who was also born on April 17. He was born and died in Williamsburg, Virginia. Blair died at age 68.
1573 ~ Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria (d. Sept. 27, 1651), Elector of Bavaria. He ruled as Elector from February 1623 until his death. He was married twice. His first wife was Elisabeth of Lorraine (1574 ~ 1635). They married in 1595. His second wife was Maria Anna of Austria (1610 ~ 1665). They married in 1635. He was of the House of Wittelsbach. He was the son of William V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 78.
1497 ~ Pedro de Valdiva (d. Dec. 25, 1953), Spanish-Chilean explorer and 1st Royal Governor of Chile. He was captured and killed in a campaign against the Araucanian Indians. The city of Valdivia, Chile is named in his honor. He was 56 at the time of his death.
44 ~ Pope St. Evaristus (d. 107). He was Pope from 99 until 107. He was the 5th Pope of the Catholic Church. The exact dates of his birth and death are not known.
Events that Changed the World:
2022 ~ Easter Sunday.
2021 ~ The funeral of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (1921 ~ 2021) was laid to rest Windsor Castle. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic restrictions, only 30 mourners were permitted into St. George’s Chapel. Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1926 ~ 2022) sat alone, where she wore a mask and kept at a distance from her family. Philip had designed a modified Land Rover to serve as his hearse. His children, led by Prince Charles (b. 1946), walked behind the vehicle, including several of his grandchildren.
2018 ~ An engine blew out on Southwest Flight 1380 on its way from New York to Dallas, causing shrapnel to smash a window on the plane. The plane made an emergency landing in Philadelphia. The window was broken and Jennifer Roiden (1974 ~ 2018) the 43-year-old passenger sitting next to the window, was killed. Several other people were also injured.
2018 ~ Because April 15 fell on a Sunday, federal income taxes were not due until the following business day in Washington, D.C., which was Tuesday, April 18, because Emancipation Day was observed on Monday April 16 in Washington, D.C.
2017 ~ Patriots Day celebrated in Massachusetts and the Boston Marathon took place.
2017 ~ Emancipation Day was observed in Washington, D.C. The actual date is April 16, however, that was a Sunday.
2014 ~ Jews of the Ukraine were ordered to register or leave the country.
2013 ~ An explosion at a fertilizer plant in West, Texas (a town that is actually in Eastern Texas), killed 15 people and injured 160 others. In addition, the explosion destroyed many homes in the town.
2006 ~ A Palestinian suicide bomber detonated himself in Tel Aviv. Eleven people were killed and 70 were injured.
1982 ~ Queen Elizabeth (1926 ~ 2022) signed the Constitution Act making Canada completely independent from the United Kingdom.
1975 ~ The Khmer Rouge, the Communist Party of Kampuchea, captured Phnom Penh, effectively ending the Cambodian Civil War. Captured Khmer Republic forces were taken to the Olympic Stadium where they were executed. The collapse of the Khmer Republic allowed the Khmer Rouge to consolidate is control over Cambodia and implement its agrarian socialism. Supporters of the Khmer Republic and the intelligentsia were killed, which ultimately led to the death of an estimated 2 million people.
1969 ~ Sirhan Sirhan (b. 1942) was convicted of the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. He was sentenced to death, but the sentence was commuted to life in prison with the possibility of parole.
1964 ~ The Ford Mustang II was first placed on the American market.
1961 ~ 1,500 CIA-trained Cuban exiles launched the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba with the goal of ousting Fidel Castro (1926 ~ 2016).
1951 ~ The Peak District in upland England became the United Kingdom’s first National Park.
1946 ~ Syria gained its Independence from the French occupation.
1907 ~ The Ellis Island immigration center processed 11,747 people. This was the busiest day at Ellis Island and more people were process in this day than any other day. The daily average was about 5,000 people. Many of the people coming to America in 1907 were Russian Jews escaping from the pogroms in their native country.
1905 ~ The United States Supreme Court decided Lochner v. New York, which held that the right to free contract is implicit in the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution. Associate Justice Rufus Peckham (1838 ~ 1909) authored the decision.
1861 ~ The State of Virginia became the 8th State to secede from the Union and join the Confederate States of America.
1521 ~ The trial of Martin Luther (1483 ~ 1546) over his teachings began during the assembly of the Diet of Worms.
1492 ~ Christopher Columbus (1451 ~ 1506) and the Catholic Monarchs signed the Capitulations of Santa Fe for his voyage. Columbus was granted the titles of Admiral of the Open Seas, viceroy and governor-general.
1397 ~ Geoffrey Chaucer (1343 ~ 1400) is said to have recounted the Canterbury Tales for the first time in King Richard II’s court.
Good-Byes:
2020 ~ Matthew Seligman (b. July 14, 1955), English bassist best known for his association with the new wave music scene of the 1980s. He was with the cult English rock band The Soft Boys and for David Bowie. He later became a human rights lawyer. He was born in Pentageia, Cyprus. He died in London, England at age 64 of complications of Covid-19.
2020 ~ Kenneth A. Lewes (b. June 8, 1943), American clinical psychologist who wrote the 1988 book The Psychoanalytic Theory of Male Homosexuality, which challenged the prevailing view in psychoanalysis that homosexuality was a curable disease. He was born in The Bronx, New York. He died of complications of Covid-19 at age 76.
2020 ~ Arlene Saunders (b. Oct. 5, 1930), American soprano and charismatic performer. She became a fixture of opera companies in New York City. She was born in Cleveland Ohio. She died in New York City at age 89 of Covid-19.
2019 ~ Alan García (b. May 22, 1949), 93rd President of Peru. He served in office from 2006 to 2011. He was born and died in Lima, Peru. He died by suicide at age 69.
2018 ~ Carl Kasell (né Carl Ray Kasell; b. Apr. 2, 1934), American newscaster and radio personality. For many years, he was the announcer on NPR’s Wait! Wait! Don’t Tell Me. He retired from the radio show in 2014. He was born in Goldsboro, North Carolina. He died 15 days after his 84th birthday in Potomac, Maryland.
2018 ~ Barbara Bush (né Barbara Pierce; b. June 8, 1925), formidable First Lady who raised a president. She was the wife of President George H.W. Bush and mother of President George W. Bush. She was born in New York, New York. She died at 92 following a long illness in Houston, Texas.
2016 ~ Doris Roberts (née Doris May Green; b. Nov. 4, 1925), American actress. She is best known for her role as Marie Barone on the television sit-com Everybody Loves Raymond. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri. She died at age 90 in Los Angeles, California.
2015 ~ A. Alfred Taubman (né Adolph Alfred Taubman; b. Jan. 31, 1924), the American developer who pioneered indoor malls. In 2002, he was convicted of a price-fixing scheming that involved the top two auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, in the United States. He was fined and imprisoned for 10 months. He was born in Pontiac, Michigan. He died at age 91 in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.
2014 ~ Gabriel García Márquez (b. Mar. 6, 1927), Columbian writer and recipient of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was the novelist who defined magical realism. He was born in Aracataca, Columbia. He died at age 87 in Mexico City, Mexico.
2013 ~ Deanna Durbin (née Edna Mae Durbin, b. Dec. 4, 1921), Canadian Hollywood child star who turned her back on fame. She was born in Winnipeg, Canada. She died at age 91 in Neauphle-le-Château, France.
2012 ~ Stanley Resor (né Stanley Rogers Resor; b. Dec. 5, 1917), 9th United States Secretary of the Army. He served under President Lyndon B. Johnson from July 1965 until June 1971. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 94 in Washington, D.C.
2008 ~ Danny Federici (né Daniel Paul Federici; b. Jan. 23, 1950), American musician and founding member of Bruce Springsteen’s E Street Band. He was born in Flemington, New Jersey. He died of melanoma at age 58 in New York, New York.
2007 ~ Kitty Carlisle (née Catherine Conn; b. Sept. 3, 1910), American actress and television personality. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She died at age 96 in Manhattan, New York.
2006 ~ Arthur Hertzberg (né Avraham Hertzberg; b. June 9, 1921), Polish-born American Conservative rabbi and scholar. He was born in Lubaczow, Poland. He died of heart failure at age 84 in Westwood, New Jersey.
2003 ~ Robert Atkins (né Robert Coleman Atkins; b. Oct. 17, 1930), American nutritionist and physician. He was the creator of the Atkins diet. He was born in Columbus, Ohio. He died at age 72 in New York, New York.
1998 ~ Linda McCartney, Lady McCartney (née Linda Louise Eastman; b. Sept. 24, 1941), American designer and photographer and wife of Beatle, Paul McCartney. She was born in Scarsdale, New York. She died of breast cancer at age 56 in Tucson, Arizona.
1997 ~ Chaim Herzog (b. Sept. 17, 1918), 6th President of Israel. He was born in Ireland until his family emigrated to Israel in 1935. He served as President for 10 years, from 1983 to 1993. He was born in Belfast, Ireland. He died at age 78 in Tel Aviv, Israel.
1996 ~ Piet Hein (b. Dec. 16, 1905), Danish mathematician. He was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. He died at age 90.
1994 ~ Roger Wolcott Sperry (b. Aug. 20, 1913), American neurobiologist and recipient of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work with split-brain research. He was born in Hartford, Connecticut. He died at age 80 in Pasadena, California.
1990 ~ Ralph Abernathy, Sr. (né Ralph David Abernathy; b. Mar. 11, 1926), African-American minister and civil rights activist. He was born in Linden, Alabama. He died at age 64 in Atlanta, Georgia.
1988 ~ Louise Nevelson (née Leah Berliawsky; b. Sept. 23, 1899), Russian-born American sculptor. She died at age 88 in New York, New York.
1976 ~ Henrick Dam (né Carl Peter Henrick Dam; b. Feb. 21, 1895), Danish biochemist and recipient of the 1943 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering the importance of vitamin K. He was born and died in Copeenhagen, Denmark. He died at age 81.
1965 ~ Claribel Kendall (b. Jan. 23, 1889), American mathematician and professor of mathematics. She was born in Denver, Colorado. She died at age 76
1942 ~ Jean Perrin (né Jean Baptiste Perrin; b. Sept. 30, 1870), French physicist and recipient of the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Lille, France. He died at age 71 in New York, New York.
1933 ~ Harriet Brooks (b. July 2, 1876), Canadian nuclear physicist. She was Canada’s first nuclear physicist. She is best known for her research in radioactivity. She discovered atomic recoil and transmutation of elements in radioactive decay.
1902 ~ Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz (b. May 13, 1822), King consort of Spain. In 1846, he married Isabella II, Queen of Spain (1830 ~ 1904). He was of the House of Bourbon-Anjou. He was the son of Infante Francisco de Paula of Spain and Princess Luisa Carlotta of the Two Sicilies. He was Roman Catholic. He died about a month before his 80thbirthday.
1882 ~ George Jennings (b. Nov. 10, 1810), English engineer and plumber. He invented the flush toilet. He died at age 71 following an accident in which he had been thrown from his carriage and suffered broken bones.
1843 ~ Samuel Morey (b. Oct. 23, 1762), American engineer and inventor. He worked on the internal combustion engine and was a pioneer in steamship development. He was born in Hebron, Connecticut. He died at age 80 in Fairlee, Vermont.
1790 ~ Benjamin Franklin (b. Jan. 17, 1706), American statesman, inventor, diplomat, and printer. He served as the 1stUnited States Postmaster General, an Office he held from July 1775 until November 1776. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts Bay, British America. He died at age 84 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1711 ~ Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. July 26, 1678). He reigned as the Holy Roman Emperor from May 1705 until his death in 1711. He was married to Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1673 ~ 1742) . He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor Magdalene of Neuberg. He was Roman Catholic. He was born and died in Vienna, Austria. He died of smallpox at age 32.
1321 ~ Infanta Branca of Portugal (b. Feb. 25, 1259), member of the Portuguese royal family. She never married but did have a son out of wedlock. She subsequently became a nun. She was of the Portuguese House of Burgundy. She was the eldest daughter of Afonso III, King of Portugal and his second wife, Beatrice of Castile. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 62.
1080 ~ Harald III, King of Denmark (b. 1041). He ruled Denmark from 1076 until his death 4 years later. He was married to Margaret Hasbjörnsdatter. Little is known of his wife. He was Roman Catholic. The exact dates of his birth and death are unknown, but he is believed to have been about 39 or 40 at the time of his death.
858 ~ Pope Benedict III. He was Pope from September 855 until his death 2.5 years later. The date of his birth is unknown.
485 ~ Proclus Lycaeus (b. Feb. 8, 412), Greek mathematician and philosopher. These are the traditional dates for is birth and death. He died at age 73.
326 ~ Pope Alexander I of Alexandria (b. 250). He was Pope of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The exact dates of his birth and death are unknown.
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