Birthdays:
1975 ~ Sean Lennon (né Sean Taro Ono Lennon), American musician. He was the son of John Lennon and Yoko Ono. He was born in New York, New York on his father’s 35th birthday.
1966 ~ David Cameron (né David William Donald Cameron), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served as Prime Minister from May 2010 until July 2016, following the Brexit referendum. He was born in London, England.
1954 ~ Scott Bakula (né Scott Stewart Bakula), American actor. He is best known for his role as Sam Beckett in the television shows Quantum Leap, and as Special Agent Pride in NCIS: New Orleans. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri.
1954 ~ John O’Hurley (né John George O’Hurley), American actor. He is best known for playing J. Peterman on the television sit-com Seinfeld. He was born in Kittery, Maine.
1953 ~ Tony Shalhoub (né Anthony Marcus Shalhoub), American actor. He earned his bachelor’s degree in drama from the University of Southern Maine. He was born in Green Bay, Wisconsin.
1950 ~ Jody Williams, American teacher, aid worker and political activist. She was the recipient of the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize for her work in banning anti-personnel landmines. She graduated from the University of Vermont. She was born in Rutland, Vermont.
1949 ~ Rod Temperton (né Rodney Lynn Temperton; d. Sept. 25, 2016), British reclusive composer who wrote Thriller, the title trace of Michael Jackson’s 1982 album. He died of cancer 2 weeks before his 67th birthday in London, England.
1948 ~ Paul LePage (né Paul Richard LePage), 74th Governor of Maine. He served as governor from January 2011 until January 2019. He is a conservative Republican and made many controversial remarks regarding the LGBTQ community, abortion, and racial minorities. He was born in Lewiston, Maine.
1941 ~ Brian Lamb (né Brian Patrick Lamb), American broadcaster and founder of C-SPAN. He was born in Lafayette, Indiana.
1940 ~ John Lennon (né John Winston Lennon; d. Dec. 8, 1980), British musician and founding member of the Beatles. His son, Sean, was born on his 35th birthday. He was born in Liverpool, England. He was assassinated outside his apartment in New York City by Mark Chapman. He was 40 years old at the time of his death.
1939 ~ Willie Lee Morrow (d. June 22, 2022), African-American barber and inventor of the Jheri curl and Afro pick. He was born in Eutaw, Alabama. He died of pneumonia at age 82 in San Diego, California.
1933 ~ Sir Peter Mansfield (d. Feb. 8, 2017), British scientist who helped develop the MRI scanner. He was a pioneer in the field of magnetic resonance imaging. He was the recipient of the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was born in London, England. He died at age 83 in Nottingham, England.
1922 ~ Fyuvsh Finkel (né Philip Finkel; d. Aug 14, 2016), American actor best known as being a star of the Yiddish theater. He played Tevye the milkman for many years in the musical Fiddler on the Roof. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died of a heart attack at age 93.
1918 ~ E. Howard Hunt (né Everette Howard Hunt, Jr.; d. Jan. 23, 2007), American CIA officer. He, along with G. Gordon Liddy, engineered the Watergate break-in during the Nixon administration. He was convicted of burglary, conspiracy, and wiretapping, for which he spent 33 months in prison. He was born in Hamburg, New York. He died at age 88 in Miami, Florida.
1918 ~ Bebo Valdés (né Dionisio Ramón Emilio Valdés Amaro; b. Mar. 22, 2013), Cuban pianist and bandleader. He died at age 94 in Havana, Cuba.
1915 ~ Clifford M. Hardin (né Clifford Morris Hardin; d. Apr. 4, 2010), 17th United States Secretary of Agriculture. He served during the Richard Nixon administration from January 1969 until November 1971. He was born in Knightstown, Indiana. He died at age 94 in Lincoln, Nebraska.
1915 ~ Belva Plain (née Belva Offenberg; d. Oct. 12, 2010), American novelist. She was born in New York, New York. She was born in New York, New York. She died 3 days after her 95th birthday in Short Hills, New Jersey.
1900 ~ Joseph B. Friedman (d. June 21, 1982), American inventor. He invented the bendy straw. He died at 81.
1899 ~ Bruce Catton (né Charles Bruce Catton; d. Aug. 28, 1978), American historian and author whose focus was the American Civil War. He was born in Petoskey, Michigan. He died of a respiratory illness at age 78 in Frankfort, Michigan.
1892 ~ Ivo Andrić (né Ivan Andrić; d. Mar. 13, 1975), Serbo-Croatian writer and recipient of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 82 in Belgrade, Serbia.
1890 ~ Aimee Semple McPherson (née Aimee Elizabeth Kennedy; d. Sept. 27, 1944), Canadian-born evangelist with a knack for publicity. She was a radio celebrity and in 1926, she founded a Bible college ~ the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel in Los Angeles, California. She was known as Sister Aimee. In May 1926, she claimed that she had been abducted. This may have been a publicity stunt. She was born in Salford, Ontario, Canada. She died of an accidental overdose 12 days before her 54th birthday in Oakland, California.
1879 ~ Max von Laue (d. Apr. 24, 1960), German physicist and recipient of the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals. He died at age 80 in West Berlin, West Germany.
1873 ~ Charles Walgreen, Sr. (né Charles Rudolph Walgreen; d. Dec. 11, 1939), American businessman and founder of Walgreens drug stores. He enlisted to fight in the Spanish-American War. While in Cuba in the War, he contracted malaria and Yellow Fever. These diseases ultimately lead to his death. He was born in Dixon, Illinois. He died at age 66 in Chicago, Illinois.
1859 ~ Alfred Dreyfus (d. July 12, 1935), Jewish French military officer and target of the anti-Semitism in the Dreyfus Affair. He was accused of treason solely based on the basis of his religion. He was ultimately exonerated of all charges. He died at age 75 in Paris, France.
1852 ~ Emil Fischer (né Hermann Emil Louis Fischer; b. July 15, 1919), German chemist and recipient of the 1902 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 66 in Berlin, Germany.
1835 ~ Camille Saint-Saëns (né Charles-Camille Saint-Saëns; d. Dec. 16, 1921), French composer. He was born in Paris, France. He died of a heart attack at age 86 in Algeria.
1813 ~ Giuseppe Verdi (né Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi; d. Jan. 27, 1901), Italian composer. He wrote many operas. His birthday is something given as October 10. He died at age 87 in Milan, Italy.
1782 ~ Lewis Cass (d. June 17, 1866), 22nd United States Secretary of State. He served in this position under President James Buchanan from March 1857 until December 1860. He was previously the 14th United States Secretary of War and served under President Andrew Jackson. He also served as a United States Senator from Michigan. He was born in Exeter, New Hampshire. He died at age 83 in Detroit, Michigan.
1757 ~ Charles X, King of France (d. Nov. 6, 1836). He was King from September 1824 until August 1830. In 1773, he married Marie Thérèse of Savoy. He was of the House of Bourbon. He was the son of Louis, Dauphin of France and Marie-Josèphe of Saxony. He was Roman Catholic. He died 28 days after his 79th birthday.
1704 ~ Johann Andreas Segner (d. Oct 5, 1777), Slovak-German mathematician. He died 4 days before his 73rd birthday.
1581 ~ Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac (d. Feb. 26, 1638), French mathematician. He was born and died in Bourge-en-Bresse, Eastern France. He died at age 56.
1261 ~ Denis, King of Portugal (d. Jan. 7, 1325). He reigned Portugal from February 1279 until his death in January 1325. He was married to Elizabeth of Aragon, later known as Saint Elizabeth of Aragon. He was of the House of Burgundy. He was the son of Afonso III, King of Portugal, and Beatrice of Castile. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 63.
1201 ~ Robert de Sorbon (d. Aug. 15, 1274), French theologian and founder of the College of Sorbonne. He died at age 72 in Paris, France.
Events that Changed the World:
2020 ~ Hurricane Delta made landfall in Southwestern Louisiana. It was the 4th named storm to make landfall in Louisiana during the year and the 10th named storm to hit the United States during the year. The storm formed on October 4 and dissipated on October 12, 2020.
2019 ~ Yom Kippur observed.
2016 ~ Second presidential debate between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump.
2012 ~ The Pakistani Taliban attempted to assassinate 15-year-old Malala Yousafzai (b. 1997) as she returned from school. She had been an outspoken advocate for the education of girls in her country. She survived the attack and in 2013 was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
2006 ~ North Korea conducted its first known nuclear test.
1992 ~ A meteorite crashed to earth in Peekskill, New York and fell onto a parked vehicle.
1986 ~ The Fox Broadcasting Company began broadcasting. It was the fourth major United States television network.
1981 ~ France abolished capital punishment.
1940 ~During the Battle of Britain in World War II, German bombs pierced the dome of St. Paul’s Cathedral in London. The cathedral, however, escaped major damage by the bombing.
1936 ~ The generators at the Boulder Dam (now known as the Hoover Dam) began to generate electricity from the Colorado River and transmit it to Los Angeles.
1919 ~ The Cincinnati Reds won the Baseball World Series. The Chicago White Sox conspired to throw the games in what later became known as the Black Sox Scandal.
1888 ~ The Washington Monument in Washington, D.C., officially opened to the general public. Construction on the monument had begun in July 1848.
1854 ~ During the Crimean War, the siege of Sevastopol began.
1812 ~ During the War of 1812, American forces captured two British ships on Lake Erie.
1804 ~ The city of Hobart, Tasmania was founded. The city is the capital of Tasmania.
1790 ~ A major earthquake struck in northern Algeria. It caused severe damage and a tsunami in the Mediterranean Sea. Over 3,000 people were killed because of the event.
1701 ~ The Collegiate School of Connecticut was charted in Old Saybrook, Connecticut. The college later became Yale University.
1635 ~ Roger Williams (1603 ~ 1683), founder of Rhode Island, was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony after he spoke out against punishments for religious offences and for giving away Native American Lands.
1582 ~ Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this year did not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1514 ~ Louis XII, King of France (1462 ~ 1515) married Mary Tudor (1496 ~ 1533), daughter of Henry VII, King of England.
1410 ~ The first known mention of the Prague astronomical clock, so it is believed to have been installed around this date. It is the oldest such clock still in operation today.
768 ~ Carloman I (751 ~ 771) and Charlemagne (542 ~ 814) were crowned Kings of the Franks.
Good-Byes:
2020 ~ Choua Yang (b. Oct. 30, 1966), Hmong refugee and educator. She fled Laos as a child following the 1975 Communist takeover and grew up to be an educator in the United States. She helped to help fellow Hmong refugees adapt to live in the United States and was the co-founder of the Prairie Seeds Academy in Minneapolis, Minnesota. She died of Covid-19 just three weeks after her 59th birthday.
2016 ~ Donn Fendler (né Donn Charles Fendler; b. Aug. 29, 1926), American boy scout who became a national hero. When he was 12 years old, he and his father, 2 brothers and 2 friends set off to climb Mt Katahdin in Maine. As they neared the summit, he got lost in the fog and for 9 days his disappearance became headline news. The story of his misadventure became the best seller, Lost on a Mountain in Maine. He used the skills he learned as a Boy Scout and survived on wild berries and evaded bears. He was born in Rye, New York. He died at age 90 in Bangor, Maine.
2015 ~ Richard Heck (né Richard Frederick Heck; b. Aug. 15, 1931), American chemist. He is best known for the development of the Heck reaction, which uses palladium to catalyze organic chemical reactions. He was the recipient of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. He died at age 84 in Manila, Philippines.
2014 ~ Jan Hooks (née Janet Vivian Hooks, b. Apr. 23, 1957), American comedienne who skewered the famous. She was a member of the Saturday Night Live ensemble in the late 1980s. She was born in Decatur, Georgia. She died of throat cancer at age 57 in Woodstock, New York.
2013 ~ Chopper Read (né Mark Brandon Read; b. Nov. 17, 1954), Australian criminal who became a legend. The 2000 movie Chopper was based on his life of crime. He was born in Melbourne, Australia. He died at age 58 of liver cancer in Parkville, Australia.
2011 ~ Ed Pauls (né Edward Arthur Pauls; b. Aug. 28, 1931), American inventor of the Nordic Track. He was born in Sheboygan, Wisconsin. He died at age 80 years in Montrose, Colorado.
2010 ~ Maurice Allais (né Maurice Félix Charles Allais; b. May 31, 1911), French economist and recipient of the 1988 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. He was born in Paris, France. He died at age 99.
2004 ~ Jacques Derrida (b. July 15, 1930), Algerian-born French philosopher. He died at age 74 in Paris, France.
1999 ~ Morris West (né Morris Langlo West; b. Apr. 26, 1916), Australian writer. He is best known for his novels The Shoes of the Fisherman and The Devil’s Advocate. He was born in St. Kilda, Australia. He died at age 83 in Clareville, Australia.
1995 ~ Alec Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel (né Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, b. July 2, 1903), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served as Prime Minister from October 1963 until October 1964 during the reign of Queen Elizabeth II. He was born in London, England. He died at age 92.
1990 ~ Géza Ottlik (b. May 9, 1912), Hungarian mathematician. He was born and died in Budapest, Hungary. He died at age 78.
1988 ~ Felix Wankel (né Felix Heinrich Wankel; b. Aug. 13, 1902), German engineer and inventor of the Wankel engine. He died at age 86.
1987 ~ Clare Boothe Luce (née Ann Clare Boothe; b. Mar. 10, 1903), American journalist and diplomat. She was born in New York, New York. She died at age 84 in Washington, D.C.
1987 ~ William P. Murphy (né William Parry Murphy; b. Feb. 6, 1892), American physician and recipient of the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in treating pernicious anemia. He was born in Stoughton, Wisconsin. He died at age 95 in Boston, Massachusetts.
1982 ~ Anna Freud (b. Dec. 3, 1895), Austrian-born British psychoanalyst and daughter of Sigmund Freud. She was born in Vienna, Austria. She died at age 86 in London, England.
1978 ~ Jacques Brel (né Jacques Romain Georges Brel; b. Apr. 8, 1929), Belgian singer-songwriter and actor. He died from complications of lung cancer at age 49.
1974 ~ Oskar Schindler (b. Apr. 28, 1908), Austro-Hungarian industrialist who saved many Jews during World War II. Although a member of the Nazi Party, he hired many Jews in his factories, which ultimately saved their lives. He was the subject of Steven Spielberg’s movie, Schindler’s List. He was named Righteous Among Nations by the Israeli government in 1963. He died at age 66. He is buried in the Mount Zion Catholic Cemetery in Jerusalem.
1967 ~ Che Guevara (né Ernesto Guevara; b. June 14, 1928), Argentine-Cuban revolutionary and guerrilla leader. He was also a physician. He was executed at age 39 for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.
1967 ~ Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood (b. June 19, 1897), English chemist and recipient of the 1956 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born and died in London, England. He died at age 70.
1967 ~ André Maurois (né Émile Salomon Wilhelm Herzog; b. July 26, 1885), French author. He died at 82.
1967 ~ Joseph Pilates (né Joseph Hubertus Pilates; b. Dec. 9, 1883), German-born American fitness trainer. He developed and promoted the Pilates method of physical fitness. He died of emphysema at age 83 in New York, New York.
1958 ~ Pope Pius XII (né Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli; b. Mar. 2, 1876). He was elected Pope on his 63rdbirthday. He was Pope from March 1939 until his death at age 82 in October 1958.
1954 ~ Robert H. Jackson (né Robert Houghwout Jackson; b. Feb. 13, 1892), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He served on the Court from July 1941 until his death in October 1954. He replaced Harlan F. Stone on the Court and was succeeded by John Marshall Harlan II. Prior to being appointed to the Supreme Court, he had served as the 57th United States Attorney General under President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He previously served as the 24th United States Solicitor General. He also served as the chief United States prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials. He was born in Spring Creek Township, Pennsylvania. He died of a heart attack at age 62 in Washington, D.C.
1950 ~ Frank G. Allen (né Frank Gilman Allen; b. Oct. 6, 1874), 51st Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1929 until January 1931. He was born in Lynn, Massachusetts and died in Norwood, Massachusetts. He died 3 days after his 76th birthday.
1943 ~ Pieter Zeeman (b. May 25, 1865), Dutch physicist and recipient of the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 78 in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
1934 ~ Alexander I, King of Yugoslavia (b. Dec. 16, 1888). He ruled over Yugoslavia from 1929 until his assassination in 1934. He was married to Maria of Romania. They married in 1922. He was of the House of Karađorđević. He was the son of Peter I, King of Serbia and Zorka of Montenegro. He was Serbian Orthodox. He was assassinated in Marseille, France at age 45 while on an official visit with Louis Barthou, Prime Minister of France.
1934 ~ Louis Barthou (né Jean Louis Barthou; b. Aug. 25, 1862), Prime Minister of France. He served as Prime Minister from March 1913 until December 1913. He was assassinated in Marseille, France at age 72 while hosting an official visit for Alexander I, King of Yugoslavia.
1911 ~ Jack Daniel (né Jasper Newton Daniel; b. Jan. 1849), American businessman and founder of Jack Daniel’s Tennessee Whiskey Distilleries. The exact date of his birth is not known. He was born and died in Lynchburg, Tennessee. He died of blood poisoning at age 62.
1911 ~ Cornelius N. Bliss (né Cornelius Newton Bliss; b. Jan. 26, 1833), 21st United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President William McKinley from March 1897 until February 1899. He was born in Fall River, Massachusetts. He died at age 78 in New York, New York.
1906 ~ Joseph Glidden (né Joseph Farwell Glidden; b. Jan. 18, 1813), American farmer who patented barbed wire. He was born in Charlestown, New Hampshire. He died at age 93 in DeKalb, Illinois.
1857 ~ Josef Ressel (né Josef Ludwig Franz Ressel, b. June 29, 1793), Bohemian forester and inventor who designed the ship propeller. He died at age 64.
1806 ~ Benjamin Banneker (d. Nov. 9, 1731), African-American astronomer, surveyor, naturalist, almanac author and farmer. He was born and died in Maryland. He died a month before his 75th birthday. A school in New Orleans, Louisiana is named in his honor.
1797 ~ Vilna Gaon (né Elijah ben Shlomo Zalman; b. Apr. 23, 1720), Lithuanian rabbi and Talmudist. He died at age 77 in Vilnius, Russian Empire.
1709 ~ Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland (b. Nov. 27, 1640), royal mistress to Charles II, King of England. She and the King had 5 children together, all of whom the King acknowledged. She died at age 68.
1619 ~ Joseph Pardo (b. 1561), Italian-born rabbi and merchant. He was a leading figure in Jewish life in Amsterdam. The exact date of his birth is not known.
1562 ~ Gabriele Falloppio (b. 1523), Italian anatomist. Fallopian tubes are named after him. The exact date of her birth is not known. He died in Padua, Republic of Venice. He is believed to have been 39 at the time of his death.
1646 ~ Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias (b. Oct. 17, 1629), member of the Spanish royal family. He never married. He was of the House of Habsburg of Spain. He was the only son of Philip IV, King of Spain and his first wife Elisabeth of France. He was Roman Catholic. He died of smallpox a week before his 17th birthday.
1390 ~ John I, King of Castile and León (b. Aug. 24, 1358). He reigned from May 1379 until his death in October 1390. He was married twice. In 1375, he married his first wife, Eleanor of Aragon. She died in childbirth. His second wife was Beatrice of Portugal, whom he married when she was just 10 years old. He was of the House of Trastámara. He was the son of Henry II, King of Castile and Juana Manuel. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 32 from injuries sustained in a fall from his horse.
1273 ~ Elizabeth of Bavaria (b. 1227), Queen consort of Germany and wife of Conrad IV, King of Germany. He was her first husband. After his death, she married Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia. She was of the House of Wittelsbach. She was the daughter of Duke of Bavaria and Agnes of the Palatinate. She was Roman Catholic. The exact date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been about age 45 or 46 at the time of her death.
1047 ~ Pope Clement II (né Suidger von Morsleben; b. 1005). He was Pope from December 1046 until his death 10 months later. The date of his birth is not known.
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