Birthdays:
1963 ~ Tom Cavanagh (né Thomas Patrick Cavanagh), Canadian actor best known for the leading role in the television show Ed. He was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
1962 ~ Davo Karničar (né Davoin Karničar; d. Sept. 16, 2019), Slovene daredevil alpinist and extreme skier who skied down Mount Everest. He died in a freak accident. While cutting down trees at his workplace, a tree fell on him, killing him. He was 56 years old.
1962 ~ Cary Elwes (né Ivan Simon Cary Elwes), British actor best known for his role as Westley in the movie The Princess Bride. He was born in London, England.
1961 ~ Dylan McDermott (né Mark Anthony McDermott), American actor. He was born in Waterbury, Connecticut.
1959 ~ Paul Farmer (né Paul Edward Farmer; d. Feb. 21, 2022), American physician medical anthropologist, and humanitarian who transformed public health. He was a global health giant who brought medical care to some of the poorest communities in the world. He co-founded Partners-in-Health, which influenced the public’s perception and response to such diseases as HIV and Ebola. He also lived among the people he helped. He was born in North Adams, Massachusetts. He died of a heart attack in Butaro, Rwanda at age 62.
1959 ~ Evo Morales (né Juan Evo Morales Ayma), President of Bolivia. He was the first indigenous president of Bolivia. He was President from January 2006 until November 2019. He left Office under cloud.
1956 ~ Rita Wilson (née Margarita Ibrahimoff), American actress and movie producer. She is the second wife of actor Tom Hanks. She was born in Los Angeles, California.
1947 ~ Hillary Rodham Clinton (née Hillary Diane Rodham), American politician, First Lady of the United States and wife of President William (“Bill”) Clinton. She served as First Lady from January 1993 until January 2001. She served as the 67th Secretary of State under President Barack Obama, from January 2009 until February 2013. In 2016, she was the Democratic candidate for President, however, she lost the election to Donald Trump. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1946 ~ Pat Sajak (né Patrick Leonard Sajdak), American game show host of Wheel of Fortune. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1945 ~ Pat Conroy (né Donald Patrick Conroy; d. Mar. 4, 2016), American southern author. He wrote many novels and memoirs, including The Great Santini. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 70 in Beaufort, South Carolina.
1943 ~ Rob Stein (d. May 2, 2022), American political strategist who revved up liberal fundraising. He was the founder of the Democracy Alliance. He was born in Wheeling West Virginia. He died of prostate cancer at age 78 in Washington, D.C.
1942 ~ Bob Hoskins (né Robert William Hoskins; d. Apr. 29, 2014), the stumpy British actor who made it big in Hollywood. He died of pneumonia at age 71 in London, England.
1935 ~ Gloria Conyers Hewitt, African-American mathematician. She is known for her work in group theory. She was born in Sumter, South Carolina.
1926 ~ James L. Tolbert (né James Lionel Tolbert; d. Apr. 22, 2013), African-American Hollywood lawyer who fought for civil rights. He was born in New Orleans to a jazz family. He died at age 86 in Los Angeles, California.
1926 ~ Arnaud de Borchgrave (né Arnaud Charles Paul Marie Philippe de Borchgrave; d. Feb. 15, 2015), Belgium-born, swashbuckling reporter who lived the high life. He specialized in reporting on international politics. He was born in Brussels, Belgium. He died at age 88 in Washington, D.C.
1922 ~ Madelyn Dunham (née Madelyn Lee Payne; d. Nov. 2, 2008), American grandmother of President Barack Obama. She was born in Peru, Kansas. She died a week after her 86th birthday in Honolulu, Hawaii and just 2 days before Obama was elected President.
1920 ~ Sarah Lee Lippincott (d. Feb. 28, 2019), American astronomer and academic. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She died at age in Kennert Square, Pennsylvania at age 98.
1919 ~ Mohammed Reza Pahlavi (d. July 27, 1980), the last Shah of Iran. He ruled Iran from September 1941 until he was overthrown by the Iranian Revolution in 1979. After being overthrown, he went into exile. He was born in Tehran, Persia. He died of cancer in Cairo, Egypt at age 60.
1919 ~ Edward Brooke (né Edward William Brooke, III; d. Jan. 3, 2015), African-American pioneering United States Senator from Massachusetts who transcended America’s racial divide. He was a Republican politician who became the first African-American to win a Senate seat in a popular election. He also served as the Attorney General of Massachusetts. He was born in Washington, D.C. He died at age 95 in Coral Gables, Florida.
1916 ~ François Mitterrand (né François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand; d. Jan. 8, 1996), President of France under the Fifth Republic from May 1981 until May 1995. He died of prostate cancer at age 79 in Paris, France.
1911 ~ Mahalia Jackson (d. Jan. 27, 1972), African-American singer. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She died from heart failure and complications of diabetes at age 60 in Evergreen Park, Illinois.
1905 ~ Albert Brown (d. Aug. 14, 2011), American dentist. He was the oldest survivor of the Bataan Death March. He was born in North Platte, Nebraska. He died at age 105 in Nashville, Illinois.
1902 ~ Henrietta Hill Swope (d. Nov. 24, 1980), American astronomer. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri. She died a month after her 78th birthday in Los Angeles, California.
1902 ~ Beryl Markham (née Beryl Clutterbuck; d. Aug. 3, 1986), English pilot, writer, and horse trainer. She is best known for her book, West with the Night. She died in Nairobi, Kenya at age 83.
1883 ~ Napoleon Hill (né Oliver Napoleon Hill; d. Nov. 8, 1970), American self-help author. He is best known for his book, Think and Grow Rich. He is also considered to have been a con artist. He was born in Pound, Virginia. He died 13 days after his 87th birthday in Greenville, South Carolina.
1865 ~ Benjamin Guggenheim (d. Apr. 15, 1912), American businessman. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died on the RMS Titanic. He was 46 years old.
1854 ~ C.W. Post (né Charles William Post, d. May 9, 1914), American food manufacturer and founder of Post Foods. He was born in Springfield, Illinois. He was in ill health and despondent over his illness, he died by suicide at age 59. He died in Santa Barbara, California.
1849 ~ Ferdinand Georg Frobenius (d. Aug. 3, 1917), German mathematician. He was born and died in Berlin, Germany. He died at age 67.
1831 ~ John Noble (né John Willock Nobel; d. Mar. 22, 1912), 18th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Benjamin Harrison from March 1889 until March 1893. During his time in Office, he negotiated 11 agreements with the Cherokee Commission that removed 19 indigenous tribes to small allotments in the Oklahoma Territory and he opened the land to homesteaders. He was born in Lancaster, Ohio. He died at age 80 in St. Louis, Missouri.
1807 ~ Barbu Catargui (d. June 20, 1862), Romanian journalist and politician. He was the 1st Prime Minister of Romania. He served as Prime Minister from February 1862 until he was assassinated at age 54. He was born and died in Bucharest, Romania. His assassin was never caught.
1803 ~ Joseph Hansom (né Joseph Aloysius Hansom; d. June 29, 1882), English architect and inventor of the Hansom cab. He died at age 73.
1802 ~ Miguel I, King of Portugal (d. Nov. 14, 1866). He reigned as King of Portugal and the Algarves from July 1828 until May 1834. He was known as The Usurper. He was forced into exile in May 1834. In 1851 at age 51, he married to Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. They had six daughters and one son. He was of the House of Braganza. He was the 7th child and 3rd son of John VI, King of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain. He was Roman Catholic. He died in a hunting accident 19 days after his 64th birthday.
1794 ~ Konstantin Thon (d. Jan. 25, 1881), Russian architect. He designed the Grand Kremlin Palace in Moscow. He was born and died in St. Petersburg, Russian Empire. He died at age 86.
1685 ~ Domenico Scarlatti (né Giuseppe Domenico Scarlatti; d. July 23, 1757), Italian composer. He was born in Naples, Kingdom of Naples. He died at age 71 in Madrid, Spain.
1609 ~ William Sprague (d. Oct. 26, 1675), British-American settler and co-founder of Charlestown, Massachusetts. He died on his 66th birthday.
1491 ~ Zhengde (d. Apr. 20, 1521), 11th Chinese Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. He died of an illness at age 29.
1431 ~ Ercole I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara (d. Jan. 25, 1505). He ruled over Ferrara from August 1471 until his death in 1505. He was married to Princess Eleonora d’Aragon. They married in 1473. He was of the House of Este. He was the son of Nocolò III d’Este and Ricciarda of Saluzzo. He died at age 73.
1427 ~ Sigismund, Archduke of Austria (d. Mar. 4, 1496), member of the Austrian royal family. He was married twice His first wife was Princess Eleanor of Scotland, whom he married in 1449. After Eleanor died, he married his second wife, Catherine of Saxony in 1484. She was 16-years old at the time of their marriage. There were no children of either marriage. He was of the House of Habsburg, Leopoldian line. He was the son of Frederick IV, Duke of Austria and Anna of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He died at age 68.
Events that Changed the World:
2020 ~ Ultra-conservative Amy Coney Barrett (b. 1972) was confirmed by the United States Senate to become an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
2016 ~ A 6.6 magnitude earthquake struck in central Italy.
2015 ~ A 7.7 magnitude earthquake struck in Hindu Kush mountain range in South Asia. The epicenter of the event was in Afghanistan.
2010 ~ Mount Merapi in Java, Indonesia, began erupting. The volcano erupted through November 2010.
2003 ~ The Cedar Fire in California killed 15 people and destroyed over 2,200 homes in the San Diego, California area.
2001 ~ The USA PATRIOT Act was signed into law by President George W. Bush (b. 1946). The acronym stands for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001.
1994 ~ Jordan and Israel signed a peace treaty.
1984 ~ Stephanie Fae Beauclair (“Baby Fae”, October 14, 1984 ~ November 15, 1984), received a heart transplant from a baboon. She had been born with a heart disease. Although the surgery was successful, she died three weeks later of a kidney infection.
1977 ~ The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) declared this date as the eradication of smallpox, due to the widespread usage of vaccinations.
1973 ~ The Yom Kippur War, which began on October 6, ended.
1967 ~ Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1919 ~ 1980) crowned himself Emperor (Shah) of Iran and his wife, Farah (b. 1938), Empress of Iran. His coronation took place on his 48th birthday.
1958 ~ Pan American Airways made its first commercial flight of the Boeing 707. The flight went from New York City to Paris, France.
1955 ~ Ngô Đình Diệm (1901 ~ 1963) proclaimed himself as President of the Republic of Vietnam. He remained in office until he was assassinated in a coup in November 1963.
1936 ~ The first electric generator at the Hoover Dam went into full operation.
1905 ~ Norway became independent from Sweden.
1881 ~ The infamous Gunfight at the OK Corral between outlaw cowboys, Billy Claiborne (1860 ~ 1882), Ike Clanton (1847 ~ 1887) and his brother Billy Clanton (1862 ~ 1881), and Marshall Virgil Earp (1843 ~ 1905) and his brothers Morgan (1851 ~ 1882) and Wyatt (1848 ~ 1929), in Tombstone, Arizona occurred. Billy Claiborne was killed in the gunfight.
1861 ~ The Pony Express officially stopped its operations. It ran from April 3, 1860 through October 26, 1861.
1825 ~ The Erie Canal opened allowing boat traffic to pass between Albany, New York and Lake Erie.
1775 ~ George III, King of Great Britain (1738 ~ 1820) declared the American colonies in rebellion and authorized a military response to stop the American Revolution.
1774 ~ The first Continental Congress adjourned in Philadelphia.
1640 ~ The Treaty of Ripon was signed, thereby restoring peace between Scotland and Charles I, King of England (1600 ~ 1649).
1520 ~ Charles V (1500 ~ 1558) was crowned the Holy Roman Emperor.
1377 ~ Stephen Tvrtko I (1338 ~ 1391) was crowned the first king of Bosnia.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Mort Sahl (né Morton Lyon Sahl; b. May 11, 1927), Canadian-born American comedian and actor. He was the gadfly who revolutionized stan-up comedy. He was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He died at age 94 in Mill Valley, California.
2019 ~ Robert Evans (né Robert J. Shapera; b. June 29, 1930), American actor and movie producer who lived a Hollywood fairy tale. He is best known his work on Love Story and The Godfather. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 89 in Beverly Hills, California.
2012 ~ Eloy Gutiérrez-Menoyo (b. Dec. 8, 1934), Cuban ex-revolutionary who was jailed by Castro. He was born in Madrid, Spain. He died at age 77 in Havana, Cuba.
2012 ~ Arnold Greenberg (né Arnold Shepard Greenberg; b. Sept. 2, 1932), American businessman and co-founder of Snapple. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died of cancer at age 80 in New York, New York.
2010 ~ Paul the Octopus (b. Jan. 26, 2008), English octopus that had an uncanny ability to predict the winner for the Euro 2008 and 2010 World Cup soccer games. The octopus was 2 years old.
2008 ~ Tony Hillerman (né Anthony Grove Hillerman; b. May 27, 1925), American novelist who wrote mysteries and portrayed Navajo life. He was born in Sacred Heart, Oklahoma. He died of pulmonary failure at age 83 in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
2007 ~ Arthur Kornberg (b. Mar. 3, 1918), American biochemist and winner of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 89 in Palo Alto, California.
1998 ~ Kenkichi Iwasawa (b. Sept. 11, 1917), Japanese mathematician. He is best known for his influence on algebraic number theory. He died at age 81.
1990 ~ William S. Paley (né William Samuel Paley; b. Sept. 28, 1901), American radio and television executive. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died a month after his 89th birthday in New York, New York.
1989 ~ Charles J. Pedersen (né Charles John Pedersen; b. Oct. 3, 1904), American chemist and recipient of the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Busan, Korean Empire. He died 3 weeks after his 85th birthday in Salem, New Jersey.
1983 ~ Alfred Tarski (né Alfred Teitelbaum, b. Jan. 14, 1901), Polish-born mathematician. He was born in Warsaw, Poland. He died at age 82 in Berkeley, California.
1968 ~ Sergei Natanovich Bernstein (b. Mar. 5, 1880), Ukrainian mathematician. He was born in Odessa, Ukraine. He died at age 88 in Moscow, Soviet Union.
1957 ~ Gerty Cori (née Gerty Theresa Radnitz; b. Aug. 15, 1896), Austrian-born American biochemist and first American woman to win a Nobel Prize. She was awarded the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her work in the discovery of the mechanism by which glycogen is broken down in the body. She was born in Prague, Austro-Hungarian Empire. She died of myelosclerosis at age 61 in Glendale, Missouri.
1957 ~ Nikos Kazantzakis (b. Feb. 18, 1883), Greek author best known for his novels, Zorba the Greek and The Last Temptation of Christ. He died at age 74.
1952 ~ Hattie McDaniel (b. June 10, 1895), African-American actress who won the 1939 Academy Award for her role as Mammy in Gone with the Wind. She was the first African-American to win an Academy Award. She was born in Wichita, Kansas. She died at age 57 of breast cancer in Los Angeles, California.
1945 ~ Aleksey Krylov (b. Aug. 15, 1863), Russian naval officer and mathematician. He died at age 82 in Leningrad, Soviet Union.
1944 ~ Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (b. Apr. 14, 1857), member of the British royal family. In 1885, she married Prince Henry of Battenberg. She was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha until 1918 when the family became known as Windsor. She was the fifth daughter and youngest child of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert. She died at age 87.
1932 ~ Margaret Brown (née Margaret Tobin, b. July 18, 1867), American socialite and social activist. She is best known, however, as being a Titanic survivor. The 1960 Broadway musical The Unsinkable Molly Brown was based on her life. She was born in Hannibal, Missouri. She died of a brain tumor at age 65 in New York, New York.
1931 ~ Charles Comiskey (né Charles Albert Comiskey; b. Aug. 15, 1859), American baseball player and founding owner of the Chicago White Sox. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 72 in Eagle River, Wisconsin.
1923 ~ Charles Proteus Steinmetz (né Karl August Rudolph Steinmetz; b. Apr. 9, 1865), Polish born mathematician. He died at age 58 in Schenectady, New York.
1902 ~ Elizabeth Cady Stanton (née Elizabeth Cady; b. Nov. 12, 1815), American feminist and suffragette. She was born in Johnstown, New York. She died 17 days before her 87th birthday in New York, New York.
1879 ~ Angelina Grimké Weld (née Angelina Emily Grimké; b. Feb. 20, 1805), American abolitionist, political activist, and women’s rights activist. She was born in Charleston, South Carolina and her grandparents were slave-owners. She and her sister, Sarah, however, grew up to be abolitionists. She died in Hyde Park, Massachusetts at age 74.
1871 ~ Thomas Ewing, Sr. (b. Dec. 28, 1789), 1st United States Secretary of the Interior. He served from March 1849 until July 1850 during the administration of Presidents Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore. He had previously served as the 14th United States Secretary of the Treasury from March 1841 until September 1841 during the William Henry Harrison and John Tyler administrations. From July 1850 until March 1851, he served as a United States Senator from Ohio. He was the father-in-law of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman. He was born in West Liberty, West Virginia. He died at age 81 Lancaster, Ohio.
1866 ~ John Kinder Labatt (b. 1803), Irish-Canadian brewer and founder of the Labatt Brewing Company. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
1819 ~ Thomas Johnson (b. Nov. 4, 1732), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated by President George Washington. He served on the Court from August 1792 until January 1793. He resigned after serving only 163 days, making his tenure the shortest in Supreme Court history. He replaced John Rutledge on the Court. He was succeeded by William Paterson. He had previously served as the 1st Governor of Maryland. He served as the 1stGovernor of Maryland from March 1777 until November 1779. He was born in St. Leonard, Maryland and died in Frederick, Maryland. Although he suffered from ill health for much of his life, he died at age 86, just 9 days before his 87th birthday.
1773 ~ Amédée-François Frézier (b. 1682), French engineer, mathematician and explorer. He is best remembered for bringing back to Europe several species of strawberries from South America. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
1764 ~ William Hogarth (b. Nov. 10, 1697), British painter. He was born and died in London, England. He died about 2 weeks before his 67th birthday.
1675 ~ William Sprague (b. Oct 26, 1609), British-American settler and co-founder of Charlestown, Massachusetts. He died on his 66th birthday.
1580 ~ Anna of Austria (b. Nov. 2, 1549), Queen consort of Spain and 4th wife of her uncle, Philip II, King of Spain. They married in 1570. She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor and Archuchess Maria of Austria. She was Roman Catholic. She died of influenza a week before her 31st birthday.
899 ~ King Alfred the Great of the Anglo-Saxons (b. 849). He ruled from April 871 until his death in October 899. He was married to Ealhswith. He was of the House of Wessex. He was the son of Æthelwulf, King of Wessex and Osburh. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 50 at the time of his death.
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