Birthdays:
2001 ~ Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant, heir apparent to the Belgium throne. She is of the House of Belgium. She is the daughter of Philippe, King of Belgium and Mathilde d’Udekem d’Acoz. She is Roman Catholic.
1984 ~ Katy Perry (née Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson), American singer. She was born in Santa Barbara, California.
1975~ Zadie Smith (née Sadie Adeline Smith), British novelist. She is best known for her novel White Teeth. She was born in London, England.
1971 ~ Craig Robinson (né Craig Phillip Robinson), African-American actor best known for his role as Darryl Philbin on the television sit-com The Office. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1971 ~ Elif Şafak, Turkish journalist and author. She is best known for her 2008 novel The Bastard of Istanbul. She was born in Strasbourg, France.
1969 ~ Samantha Bee (née Samantha Anne Bee), Canadian comedian and television host. She was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
1964 ~ Michael Boatman (né Michael Patrick Boatman), African-American actor. He was born in Colorado Springs, Colorado.
1957 ~ Nancy Cartwright (née Nancy Jean Cartwright), American voice actress best known as being the voice of Bert Simpson on The Simpsons. She was born in Dayton, Ohio.
1952 ~ Dame Wendy Hall, British computer scientist and mathematician. She was born in London, England.
1944 ~ James Carville (né Chester James Carville, Jr.), American political scientist and Louisiana native. The town of Carville, Louisiana was named after his paternal grandfather. He is the husband of political consultant Mary Matalin. He was born in Fort Benning, Georgia.
1941 ~ Helen Reddy (née Helen Maxine Reddy; d. Sept. 29, 2020), Austrian musician. She was born in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. She died at age 78 in Los Angeles, California.
1941 ~ Anne Tyler, American novelist. She was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
1940 ~ Bobby Knight (né Robert Montgomery Knight), American college basketball coach. He was born in Massillon, Ohio.
1936 ~ Sir Martin Gilbert (né Martin John Gilbert; d. Feb. 3, 2015), British historian. He was born and died in London, England. He died at age 78.
1930 ~ Hanna Gray (née Hanna Holborn), German-born American historian. She also served as the 9th President of the University of Chicago, and the 18th President of Yale University. She fled to the United States to escape Nazi Germany. She was born in Heidelberg, Germany.
1929 ~ Mira Slovak (d. June 16, 2014), Czech daredevil pilot who escaped the Iron Curtain. He found life under the Communist rule in Czechoslovakia too oppressive and, on March 23, 1953, he hijacked the DC-3 he was piloting as a commercial pilot, and flew to Frankfort, West Germany where he was granted asylum. He was born in Cifer, Czechoslovakia. He died of stomach cancer at age 84 in Fallbrook, California.
1928 ~ Jeanne Cooper (née Wilma Jeanne Cooper; d. May 8, 2013), American actress best known for her role as Katherine Chancellor on the soap opera, The Young and the Restless. She was also the mother of actor Corbin Bernsen. She was born in Taft, California. She died of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at age 84 in Los Angeles, California.
1928 ~ Marion Ross (née Marion Eileen Ross), American actress best known for her role as Mrs. Cunningham on Happy Days. She was born in Watertown, Minnesota.
1927 ~ Jorge Batlle Ibáñez (d. Oct. 24, 2016), President of Uruguay. He served as President from March 2000 until March 2005. He was born and died in Montevideo, Uruguay. He died 1 day before his 89th birthday.
1925 ~ Luther F. Cole (né Luther Francis Cole; d. July 26, 2013), Louisiana Supreme Court Justice. He served on the Louisiana Supreme Court from 1986 until 1992. He was born in Alexandria, Louisiana. He died in Baton Rouge, Louisiana at age 87.
1923 ~ Bobby Thomson (né Robert Brown Thomson; d. Aug. 16, 2010), Scottish-born professional baseball player who hit “the shot heard ‘round the world.” He hit a three-run homer run for the New York Giants during the 1951 season, which gave the Giants a win over the Brooklyn Dodger and the pennant. He was born in Glasgow, Scotland. He died at age 86 in Skidaway Island, Georgia.
1923 ~ Beate Sirota Gordon (né Beate Siorta; d. Dec. 30, 2012), Austrian woman who shaped Japan’s constitution following World War II. She was a performing artist and woman’s right’s activist. Her family moved to Japan when she was 6 years old and became fluent in Japanese. Following World War II, she was on the team that worked under General MacArthur to draft a new constitution for Japan. She was born in Vienna, Austria. She died at age 89 in Manhattan, New York.
1921 ~ Michael I, King of Romania (d. Dec. 5, 2017). He reigned as King from July until June 1930. He reigned for a second time from September 1940 until his abdication in December 1947. He was the last King of Romania. In 1948, he married Princess Anne of Bourbon-parma. He was of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. He was the son of Carol II, King of Romania and Princess Helen of Greece and Denmark. He was Romanian Orthodox. He died at age 96.
1915 ~ Ivan M. Niven (né Ivan Morton Niven; d. May 9, 1999), Canadian mathematician. He specialized in number theory. He was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He died at age 83 in Eugene, Oregon.
1914 ~ John Berryman (né John Allyn Smith, Jr.; d. Jan. 7, 1972), American poet and scholar. He was born in McAlester, Oklahoma. He died by suicide at age 57 in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
1913 ~ Klaus Barbie (né Nikolaus Barbie; d. Sept. 25, 1991), convicted Nazi war criminal. He was known as the Butcher of Lyon. He died of cancer in prison in Lyon, France about a month before his 78th birthday.
1912 ~ Minnie Pearl (née Sarah Ophelia Colley; b. Mar. 4, 1996), American country singer and comedian. She was born in Centerville, Tennessee. She died at age 83 in Nashville, Tennessee.
1910 ~ Tyrus Wong (d. Dec. 30, 2016), the Chinese-American artist who brought Bambi to life. He was the lead artist on the 1942 Disney animated film, Bambi. He was also known for creating greeting cards for Hallmark. He died at age 106 in Los Angeles, California.
1895 ~ Levi Eshkol (né Levi Yitzhak Shkolnik; d. Feb. 26, 1969), Prime Minister of Israel. He served as Prime Minister from June 1963 until his death in February 1969. He died in office at age 73 in Jerusalem, Israel.
1888 ~ Richard E. Byrd (né Richard Evelyn Byrd; Jr.; d. Mar. 11, 1957), American admiral and polar explorer. He was born in Winchester, Virginia. He died at age 68 in Boston, Massachusetts
1881 ~ Pablo Picasso (né Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso; d. Apr. 8, 1973), Spanish artist and sculptor. He was born in Málaga, Spain. He died at age 91 in Mougins, France.
1864 ~ John Francis Dodge (d. Jan. 14, 1920), American businessman and co-founder of the Dodge Automobile Company. He was born in Niles, Michigan. He died in New York, New York of Spanish influenza and pneumonia at age 55.
1843 ~ Pierre Lallement (d. Aug. 29, 1891), French inventor of the pedal bicycle. He died at age 47 in Boston, Massachusetts.
1840 ~ Helen Blanchard (née Helen Augusta Blanchard; d. Jan. 12, 1922), American inventor. She received 28 patents between 1873 and 1915, many of which were improvements on the sewing machine. She was born in Portland, Maine and died in Providence, Rhode Island. She died at age 81.
1838 ~ Georges Bizet (né Alexandre César Léopold Bizet; d. June 3, 1875), French composer, best known for his opera, Carmen. He was born in Paris, France. He died of a heart attack at age 36.
1832 ~ Grand Duke Michael Nikoleavich of Russia (d. Dec. 18, 1909), member of the Russian royal family. He married Princess Cecile of Baden in 1857. He was of the House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov. He was the son of Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia. He died at age 77.
1825 ~ Johann Strauss II (d. June 3, 1899), Austrian composer best known as the Waltz King. He was born and died in Vienna, Austria. He died of pleuropneumonia at age 73.
1811 ~ Évariste Galois (d. May 31, 1832), French mathematician. He died in Paris, France at age 20 from wounds suffered in a duel.
1782 ~ Levi Lincoln, Jr. (d. May 29, 1868), 13th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from May 1825 until January 1834. He was born and died in Worcester, Massachusetts. He died at age 85.
1759 ~ Maria Feodorovna (née Duchess Sophia Marie Dorothea Auguste Luise of Württemberg; d. Nov. 5, 1828), Empress consort of Russia. She was the 2nd wife of Paul, Tsar I of Russia. They married in 1776. She changed her name upon her marriage. She was of the House of Württemberg. She was the daughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt. She converted to Russian Orthodox upon her marriage. She died 11 days after her 69th birthday.
1759 ~ William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville (né William Wyndham Grenville; d. Jan. 12, 1834), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served as Prime Minister from February 1806 until March 1807 during the reign of George III, King of the United Kingdom. During his term, slave trade in Britain was abolished. He died at age 74.
1754 ~ Richard Howell (d. Apr. 28, 1802), 3rd Governor of New Jersey. He served in that Office from June 1792 until October 1, 1801. He was the grandfather of Varina Howell, Jefferson Davis’s 2nd wife. He died at age 47 in Trenton, New Jersey.
1692 ~ Elisabeth Farnese (d. July 11, 1766), Queen consort of Spain and 2nd wife of Philip V, King of Spain. She was of the House of Farnese. She was the daughter of Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma and Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 73.
1510 ~ Renée of France (d. June 12, 1574), Duchess of Chartres in her own right. She was also the Duchess consort of Ferrara through her marriage to Ercole II d’Este. She was of the House of Valois-Orléans. She was the daughter of Louis XII, King of France and Anne of Brittany. Although she was born Roman Catholic, she converted to Calvinism. She was a strong supporter of John Calvin and was an important supporter of the Protestant Reformation. She died at age 63.
Events that Changed the World:
1983 ~ In what was code-named Operation Urgent Fury, United States invaded Grenada after its Prime Minister Maurice Bishop (1943 ~ 1983) was executed in a coup d’état.
1973 ~ The Yom Kippur War officially ended with a ceasefire with the adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 339. The war had begun on October 6, 1873.
1940 ~ Benjamin O. Davis, Sr. (1877 ~ 1970), became the first African-American General in the United States Army.
1929 ~ Albert B. Fall (1861 ~ 1944), former Secretary of the Interior, was the first cabinet in the Warren G Harding administration to be found guilty of taking a bribe in the Teapot Dome scandal. He served a year in prison.
1918 ~ The SS Princess Sophia, a steel-build passenger ship, sank off the coast of Vancouver. All 364 passengers and crew died in the accident.
1917 ~ The date on the Julian calendar that marks the capture of the Winter Palace in Petrograd, Russia during the October Revolution. This corresponds to November 7 in the Gregorian calendar.
1854 ~ The Battle of Balaclava began during the Crimean War. This battle was the inspiration for The Charge of the Light Brigade, by Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809 ~ 1892).
1812 ~ During the War of 1812, the American frigate, the USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur (1779 ~ 1820), captured the British frigate, HMS Macedonian.
1760 ~ George III (1838 ~ 1820) became King of Great Britain upon the death of his grandfather, George II (1727 ~ 1760).
1415 ~ Henry V, King of England (1386 ~ 1422) defeated the French at Agincourt during the Hundred Years’ War.
Good-Byes:
2017 ~ John Mollo (b. Mar. 18, 1931), British military historian and costume designer who dressed stormtroopers and Darth Vader. He was born in London, United Kingdom. He died at age 86.
2017 ~ Robert W. Blakeley (né Robert Wilson Blakeley; b. Aug. 30, 1922), American graphic artist and civil servant who designed the iconic fallout shelter sign. He was born in Ogden, Utah. He died at age 95 in Jacksonville, Florida.
2014 ~ Jack Bruce (né John Symon Asher Bruce; b. May 14, 1943), British musician and bassist who wrote Cream’sgreatest hits. He died of liver disease at age 71.
2013 ~ Marcia Wallace (née Marcia Karen Wallace; b. Nov. 1, 1942), American actress. She is best known for her role as Carol Kester on The Bob Newhart Show and as the voice of Edna Krabappel on The Simpsons. She was born in Creston, Iowa. She died of breast cancer 7 days before her 71st birthday in Los Angeles, California.
2013 ~ Hal Needham (né Hal Brett Needham; b. Mar. 6, 1931), American stuntman who became a successful film director. He was born in Memphis, Tennessee. He died at age 82 in Los Angeles, California.
2012 ~ Jacques Barzun (né Jacques Martin Barzun; b. Nov. 30, 1907), French-American historian who focused on cultural history. He died about a month before his 105th birthday in San Antonio, Texas.
2008 ~ Gerard Damiano (né Geraldo Rocco Damiano; b. Aug. 4, 1928), American hard-core film director who made Deep Throat. He was born in The Bronx, New York. He died at age 80 in Fort Myers, Florida.
2002 ~ Richard Harris (né Richard St. John Harris; b. Oct. 1, 1930), Irish actor. He was born in Limerick, Ireland. He died of Hodgkin’s lymphoma 24 days after his 72nd birthday in London, England.
2002 ~ René Thom (né René Frédéric Thom; b. Sept. 2, 1923), French mathematician and topologist. He was the recipient of the 1958 Fields Medal. He died at age 79.
1999 ~ Payne Stewart (né William Payne Stewart; b. Jan. 30, 1957), American golfer. He was born in Springfield, Missouri. He was killed in an airplane crash over Mina, South Dakota at age 42.
1997 ~ Mina Rees (née Mina Spiegel Rees; b. Aug. 2, 1902), American mathematician. She was the first female president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. She was born in Cleveland, Ohio. She died at age 95 in New York, New York.
1995 ~ Bobby Riggs (né Robert Larimore Riggs; b. Feb. 25, 1918), American tennis player. He is best known for his 1973 tennis match with Billy Jean King, which was dubbed The Battle of the Sexes, in which he lost. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He died of prostate cancer at age 77 in Encinitas, California.
1993 ~ Vincent Price (né Vincent Leonard Price, Jr.; b. May 27, 1911), American actor. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He died of lung cancer at age 82 in Los Angeles, California.
1992 ~ Roger Miller, Jr. (né Roger Dean Miller; b. Jan. 2, 1936), American singer-songwriter. He is best known for King of the Road. He was born in Fort Worth, Texas. He died of lung cancer at age 56 in Los Angeles, California.
1989 ~ Mary McCarthy (née Mary Therese McCarthy; b. June 21, 1912), American writer, best known for her novel, The Group. She was born in Seattle, Washington. She died of lung cancer at age 77 in New York, New York.
1986 ~ Forrest Tucker (né Forrest Meredith Tucker; b. Feb. 12, 1919), American actor. He is best known for his role in as Professor Harry Hill in The Music Man, and for his role in the television sit-com, F. Troop. He was born in Plainfield, Indiana. He died of lung cancer at age 67 in Los Angeles, California.
1981 ~ Ariel Durant (née Chayna Kaufman; b. May 10, 1898), Ukrainian-born American historian who, along with her husband, Will Durant (1885 ~ 1981), wrote a series of books on the history of civilization. She died in Los Angeles, California 2 weeks before her husband in 1981, who died on November 5, 1981. She was 83 at the time of her death.
1960 ~ Henry Ferguson (né Henry George Ferguson; b. Nov. 4, 1884), Irish engineer best known for his development of the modern agricultural tractor. He died 10 days before his 76th birthday.
1951 ~ Amélie, Princess of Orléans (b. Sept. 28, 1865), Queen consort of Portugal and wife of Carlos I, King of Portugal. They married in 1886. She and her husband were both born in September 28, but she was 2 years younger. She was the last queen consort of Portugal. She was of the House of Orléans. She was the daughter of Philippe, Count of Paris and Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans. She was Roman Catholic. She died about a month after her 86th birthday.
1949 ~ Mary Acworth Evershed (née Mary Acworth Orr; b. Jan.1, 1867), British astronomer. She was also a Dante Alighieri scholar. She was born in Devon, England. She died at age 82 in Surrey England.
1921 ~ Bat Masterson (né Bartholemew William Barclay Masterson; b. Nov. 26, 1853), American journalist, buffalo hunter, gambler, and western lawman. He was born in Henryville, Quebec, Canada. He died of a heart attack a month before his 68th birthday in New York, New York.
1916 ~ William Merritt Chase (b. Nov. 1, 1849), American painter. He was born in Nineveh, Indiana. He died a week before his 67th birthday in New York, New York.
1902 ~ Frank Norris (né Benjamin Franklin Norris, Jr.; b. Mar. 5, 1870), American journalist and novelist. He is best known for his novels McTeague and The Octopus. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 32 of peritonitis following a ruptured appendix in San Francisco, California.
1892 ~ Caroline Harrison (née Caroline Lavinia Scott; b. Oct. 1, 1832), American educator and First Lady of the United States. She was the wife of President Benjamin Harrison. They had married in October 1853. She was 56 years old when she assumed the role of First Lady. She is best known for securing funding for an extensive renovation of the White House. She was born in Oxford, Ohio. She died in Washington, D.C., while still in the White House of tuberculosis just 24 days after her 60th birthday.
1806 ~ Henry Knox (b. July 25, 1750), American general and politician. He served as the 1st United States Secretary of War from September 1789 until December 1794. This position was established under President George Washington. He had previously served in that position under the Congress of the Confederation. He was married to Lucy Flucker (1756 ~ 1824). Fort Knox in Maine is named in his honor. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts Bay, British America. He died in Thomaston, District of Maine, Massachusetts at age 56 from an infection after having swallowed a chicken bone.
1760 ~ George II, King of Great Britain (b. Nov. 9, 1683). He ruled from June 1727 until his death in October 1760. In 1705, he married Caroline of Ansbach. He was of the House of Hanover. He was the son of George I, King of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle. He was of the Church of England. He died about 2 weeks before his 77th birthday.
1733 ~ Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri (b. Sept. 5, 1667), Italian mathematician and Jesuit priest. He died at age 66.
1647 ~ Evangelista Torricelli (b. Oct. 15, 1608), Italian mathematician and physicist. He is best known for his invention of the barometer. He was born in Rome. He died of what is believed to be typhoid 10 days after his 39th birthday in Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
1495 ~ John II, King of Portugal (b. Mar. 3, 1455). He served as King of Portugal twice, first for a few days in November 1477, and then when he re-established the Portuguese monarchy from August 1481 until his death 14 years later. In 1470, he married Eleanor of Viseu. He was of the House of Avis. He was the son of Afonso V, King of Portugal and Isabella of Coimbra. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 40.
1478 ~ Catherine of Bosnia (b. 1425), Queen consort of Stephen Thomas, King of Bosnia. She was of the House of Kosača. She was the daughter of Stjepan Vukčić Kosača and Jelena Balšić. Upon her marriage, she converted to Catholicism. The exact date of her birth is unknown, but she is believed to have been about 53 or 54 at the time of her death.
1400 ~ Geoffrey Chaucer (b. 1343), English poet. He is often thought of as the Father of English literature. He was born and died in London, England. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 56 or 57 at the time of his death.
1359 ~ Beatrice of Castile (b. Mar. 8, 1293), Queen consort of Portugal and wife of Afonso IV, King of Portugal. She was of the Castilian House of Ivrea. She was the daughter of Sancho IV, King of Castile and Maria de Molina. She died at 66.
1154 ~ Stephen, King of England (b. 1096). He is often referred to as Stephen of Blois. He ruled from December 1135 until his death 19 years later. In 1125, he married Matilda I, Countess of Boulogne. He was of the House of Blois. He was the son of Stephen, Count of Blois and Adela of Normandy. The exact date of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been between 57 and 62 at the time of his death.
1047 ~ Magnus Olafsson (b. 1024), King of Norway and King of Denmark. He was better known as Magnus the Good. He ruled Norway from 1035 until his death in 1047, he ruled Denmark from June 1042 until his death in 1047. It is not believed that he married, but he did have an illegitimate daughter. He was of the House of St. Olaf. He was the illegitimate son of Olaf II, King of Norway and his English concubine, Alfhild. He was Catholic. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about age 23 at the time of his death.
625 ~ Pope Boniface V. He was Pope from December 23, 619 until his death on this date 6 years later. The date of his birth is not known.
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