Sunday, March 31, 2024

March 31

Birthdays:

 

1948 ~ Al Gore (né Albert Arnold Gore, Jr.), 45th Vice President of the United States.  He served under President Bill Clinton.  He was also the recipient of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize.  He was born in Washington, D.C.

 

1948 ~ Rhea Perlman (né Rhea Jo Pearlman), American actress.  She is best known for her role as Carla on the television sitcom Cheers.  She was born in New York, New York.

 

1947 ~ Augustin Banyaga, Rwandan-born mathematician.

 

1944 ~ Angus King (né Angus Stanley King, Jr.), United States Senator from Maine.  He is serving as an independent.  He assumed office in January 2013.  He had previously served as the 72nd Governor of Maine from January 1995 until January 2003.  He was born in Alexandria, Virginia.

 

1943 ~ Christopher Walken (né Ronald Walken), American actor.  He was born in New York, New York.

 

1940 ~ Barney Frank (né Barnett Frank), American politician from Massachusetts.  He was a member of the House of Representatives from January 1981 until January 2013.  He was the first openly gay member of Congress.  He was born in Bayonne, New Jersey.

 

1940 ~ Patrick Leahy (né Patrick Joseph Leahy), American United States Senator from Vermont.  He served in that office from January 1975 to January 2023.  He was born in Montpelier, Vermont.

 

1936 ~ Marge Piercy, American novelist.  She was born in Detroit, Michigan.

 

1935 ~ Judith Rossner (née Judith Louise Perelman; d. Aug. 9, 2005), American author, best known for her 1975 novel Looking for Mr. Goodbar.  She was born and died in New York, New York.  She died of leukemia and complications from diabetes at age 70.

 

1935 ~ Herb Alpert, American trumpeter, and band leader.  He was born in Los Angeles, California.

 

1934 ~ Richard Chamberlain (né George Richard Chamberlain), American actor.  He is best known for his role as Doctor Kildare in the television show of the same name.  He was born in Beverly Hills, California.

 

1934 ~ Shirley Jones (née Shirley Mae Jones), American actress and singer.  She was born in Charleroi, Pennsylvania.

 

1934 ~ Carlo Rubbia, Italian particle physicist, and recipient of the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work leading to the discovery of the W and Z particles at CERN.  He was born in Gorizia, Italy.

 

1932 ~ John Jakes (né John Williams Jakes; d. Mar. 11, 2023), American author who made historical fiction fun.  He is best known for his Civil War North and South trilogy.  He was born in Chicago, Illinois.  He died 3 weeks before his 91stbirthday in Sarasota, Florida.

 

1929 ~ Liz Claiborne (née Anne Elisabeth Jane Claiborne; d. June 26, 2007), American fashion designer.  She came from a prominent Louisiana family, whose ancestor was William C.C. Claiborne, Governor of Louisiana during the War of 1812.  She was born in Brussels, Belgium.  She died of cancer at age 78 in New York, New York.

 

1928 ~ Gordie Howe (né Gordon Howe; d. June 10, 2016), Canadian professional ice hockey player who could do it all.  He spent 25 years with the Detroit Red Wings.  His nickname was Mr. Hockey.  He was born in Floral, Saskatchewan, Canada.  He died at age 88 in Sylvania, Ohio.

 

1927 ~ César Chávez (né César Estrada Chávez; d. Apr. 23, 1993), American labor activist and co-founder of the United Farm Workers.  He was born in Yuma, Arizona.  He died 23 days after his 66th birthday in San Luis, Arizona.

 

1927 ~ William Daniels (né William David Daniels), American actor.  He is best known for his role as Dr. Mark Craig on the television drama St. Elsewhere.  He was born in Brooklyn, New York.

 

1926 ~ John Fowles (né John Robert Fowles; d. Nov. 5, 2005), British author best known for his novel The French Lieutenant’s Woman.  He died of heart failure at age 79.

 

1924 ~ Carl Ally (né Carl Joseph Ally; d. Feb. 15, 1999), American advertising executive.  He died at age 78 in Rowayton, Connecticut.

 

1920 ~ Deborah Cavendish (née Deborah Vivien Freeman-Mitford; d. Sept. 24, 2014), Duchess of Devonshire.  She was the British aristocrat and Mitford sister who restored a country estate.  She died at age 94.

 

1914 ~ Octavio Paz Lozano (d. Apr. 19, 1998), Mexican diplomat and recipient of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Literature.  He was born and died in Mexico City, Mexico.  He died 19 days after his 84th birthday.

 

1908 ~ Philip Keenan (né Philip Childs Keenan; d. Apr. 20, 2000), American astronomer.  He is best known for creating an atlas of stellar spectra that is considered the bible of star classification.  He was born in Bellevue, Pennsylvania.  He died at age 92 in Columbus, Ohio.

 

1906 ~ Shin’ichiro Tomonaga (d. July 8, 1979), Japanese physicist and recipient of the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics.  He was born and died in Tokyo, Japan.  He died at age 73.

 

1900 ~ Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (d. June 10, 1974), member of the British Royal family.  He was married to Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott (1901 ~ 2004).  They married in 1935.  He was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha until the family changed its name to Windsor in 1917.  He was the son of George V, King of England and Mary of Teck.  He died at age 74.

 

1890 ~ Sir Lawrence Bragg (né William Lawrence Bragg; d. July 1, 1971), Australian-English physicist and recipient of the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics.  At age 25, he was then the youngest person to receive a Nobel Prize.  He shared the Nobel Prize with his father, William Henry Bragg, Sr.  He was born in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.  He died at age 81.

 

1885 ~ Pascin (né Julius Mordecai Pincas, d. June 5, 1930), Sephardi Bulgarian-American painter.  He was born in Bidin, Bulgaria.  He suffered from depression and died by suicide at age 45 in Paris, France.

 

1884 ~ Henri Queuille (d. June 15, 1970), French politician and Prime Minister during the Third and Fourth Republics.  He died at age 86 in Paris, France.

 

1847 ~ Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev (d. July 19, 1878), Russian mathematician.  He died of blood poisoning at age 31.

 

1809 ~ Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol (d. Mar. 4, 1809), Ukrainian-Russian playwright and author.  He died 27 days before his 43rd birthday.

 

1794 ~ Thomas McKennan (né Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan; d. July 9, 1852), 2nd United States Secretary of the Interior.  He served under President Millard Fillmore, but only for 11 days from August 15 until August 26, 1850, because he found the job too stressful.  He was born in New Castle, Delaware.  He died at age 58 in Reading, Pennsylvania.

 

1732 ~ Joseph Haydn (d. May 31, 1809), Austrian composer.  He died at age 77.

 

1730 ~ Étienne Bézout (d. Sept. 27, 1783), French mathematician.  He died at age 53.

 

1723 ~ Frederick V, King of Denmark (d. Jan. 14, 1766).  He ruled from August 1746 until his death in January 1766.  He was married twice.  His first wife was Princess Louise of Great Britain (1724 ~ 1751).  They married in 1743.  After her death, he married Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1729 ~ 1796).  They married in 1752.  He was of the House of Oldenburg.  He was the son of Christian VI, King of Denmark and Sophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach.  He was Lutheran.  He died at age 42.

 

1718 ~ Infanta Mariana Victoria of Spain (d. Jan. 15, 1781), Queen consort of Spain and wife of Joseph I, King of Spain (1714 ~ 1777).  They married in 1729.  They were the parents of Maria I, Queen of Portugal.  She was of the House of Bourbon.  She was the daughter of Philip V, King of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese.  She died at age 62.

 

1685 ~ Johann Sebastian Bach (d. July 28, 1750), German composer.  He died at age 65.

 

1675 ~ Pope Benedict XIV (né Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, d. May 3, 1758).  He was Pope from 1740 until his death 18 years later.  He died at age 83.

 

1596 ~ René Descartes (d. Feb. 11, 1650), French philosopher and mathematician.  He died of pneumonia at age 53 in Stockholm, Swedish Empire.

 

1576 ~ Countess Louise Juliana of Orange-Nassau (d. Mar. 15, 1644), Electress consort of Palatine and wife of Frederick IV, Elector of Palatine (1574 ~ 1610).  They married in 1593.  It was not a happy marriage.  She was of the House of Nassau.  She was the daughter of William the Silent, Prince of Orange and Charlotte of Bourbon.  She died 2 weeks before her 68th birthday.

 

1519 ~ Henry II, King of France (d. July 10, 1559).  He was king from March 1547 until his death 12 years later.  In 1533, he married Catherine de’Medici (1519 ~ 1589).  They were the parents of Francis II, King of France.  He was of the House of Valois-Angoulême.  He was the son of Francis I, King of France and Claude, Duchess of Brittany.  He was Catholic.  He died at age 40 from an injury sustained 10 days earlier to his eye during a jousting match.

 

1499 ~ Pope Pius IV (né Giovanni Angelo Medici; d. Dec. 9, 1565).  He was Pope from 1559 until his death 6 years later.  He is best known for presiding over the final session of the Council of Trent.  He was 66 years old at the time of his death.

 

1439 ~ Joan, Infanta of Portugal (d. June 13, 1475), Queen consort of Castile and León.  She was the second wife of Henry IV, King of Castile and León (1425 ~ 1474).  They married in 1455.  It has been rumored that the marriage was never consummated due to the king’s impotence.  She was known to take lovers and gave birth to three children.  Henry declared that the marriage was never legal and divorced her in 1468.  She was of the House of Aviz.  She was the daughter of Edward, King of Portugal and Infanta Eleanor of Aragon.  She was Roman Catholic.  She died at age 36.

 

1425 ~ Bianca Maria Visconti (d. Oct. 28, 1468), Duchess consort of Milan.  She was the second wife of Francesco Sforza (1401 ~ 1466).  They married in 1450.  She was the daughter of Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan and Agnese del Maino.  She died at age 43.

 

1360 ~ Philippa of Lancaster (d. July 19, 1415), Queen consort of Portugal and wife of John I, King of Portugal (1357 ~ 1433).  They married in 1387.  They were the parents of Edward, King of Portugal.  She was of the House of Lancaster.  She was the daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Blanche of Lancaster.  She was Catholic.  She died of the plague at age 55.

 

1373 ~ Catherine of Lancaster (d. June 2, 1418), Queen consort of Henry III, King of Castile (1379 ~ 1406).  They married in 1388 and were the parents of three children, including John I, King of Castile.  She was of the House of Lancaster.  She was the daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Infanta Constance of Castile.  She was Roman Catholic.  She died of a stroke at age 45.

 

867 ~ Zhao Zong (d. Sept. 22, 904), Chinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty.  He was Emperor from April 888 until December 900.  He is believed to have been 37 at the time of his death.

 

Events that Changed the World:

 

2024 ~ Easter Sunday.

 

2017 ~ Torrential rains caused devastating flash floods and mudslides in Mocoa, Columbia.  Tons of mud and debris crashed through streets and swept away house, cars, trees, and bridges.  Over 300 people were killed and hundreds other were injured.

 

2013 ~ Easter Sunday.

 

1986 ~ Mexicana Flight 940 en route to Puerto Vallarta crashed into the mountains near Mexico City and killed 167 people aboard.

 

1966 ~ The Soviet Union launched Luna 10, which later became the first space probe to orbit around the moon.

 

1959 ~ Tenzin Gyatso (b. 1935), the 14th Dalai Lama, was granted political asylum after crossing into India after being exiled from Tibet.

 

1931 ~ Transcontinental and Western Air Flight 599, which was carrying Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne (1888 ~ 1931), crashed in Kansas.  All 8 people aboard were killed.

 

1931 ~ A massive earthquake destroyed Managua, Nicaragua, and about 2,000 people were killed.

 

1930 ~ The Motion Picture Production Code, also known as the Hays Code, took effect which imposed strict guidelines on sex, crime, violence and religion in movies.  The guidelines governed self-censorship for nearly 40 years.

 

1918 ~ Daylight savings time went into effect in the United States for the first time.

 

1917 ~ The United States purchased the Virgin Islands from Denmark for $25M.

 

1909 ~ Serbia accepted Austrian control over Bosnia and Herzegovina.

 

1906 ~ The Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States, which later became the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) was established.  Its function was to establish rules for college sports.

 

1889 ~ The Eiffel Tower was officially opened.

 

1866 ~ The Spanish Navy bombed the harbor of Valparaío, Chile.

 

1761 ~ An estimated 8.5 magnitude struck off the Iberian Peninsula.  The effects of the quake were felt in Scotland.

 

1492 ~ The Alhambra Decree was issued by King Ferdinand (1452 ~ 1516) and Queen Isabella (1451 ~ 1504) of Spain expelling all Jews and Muslims who refuse to convert to Christianity.  This Decree was not formally revoked until 1968.

 

Good-Byes:

 

2022 ~ Patrick Demarchelier (b. Aug. 21, 1943), French photographer with an eye for personality.  He was a high fashion photographer and worked for several fashion magazines, including Vogue and Harper’s Bazaar.  He was also noted for photographing such iconic women as Princess Diana and Cindy Crawford.  In 2018, however, he was accused by several women of sexual harassment and Vogue barred him from future photo shoots.  He was born in Le Havre, France.  He died at age 78.

 

2020 ~ Lisa Ewald (b. Apr. 4, 1966), American emergency nurse who treated coronavirus patients at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan.  She died 4 days before her 54th birthday from complications of Covid-19.

 

2020 ~ Wallace Roney (b. May 25, 1960), African-American jazz trumpeter.  He was mentored by Miles Davis.  He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  He died of complications from Covid-19 in Paterson, New Jersey.  He was 59 years old.

 

2020 ~ Frank Gabrin (b. 1959), American emergency room doctor who worked the front lines of he Covid-19 pandemic.  He became the first emergency physician in the United States to die from complications of Covid-19.  He was 60 years old.

 

2020 ~ Peter Beard (né Peter Hill Beard; b. Jan. 22, 1938), American photographer who embraced the wild side.  He split his time between a tented camp in Kenya photographing African wildlife, and New York City.  He was born in New York, New York.  He disappeared on Montauk Point, New York.  His body was found on April 19, 2020.  He was 82 years old.

 

2019 ~ Nipsey Hussle (né Ermias Joseph Asghedom; b. Aug. 15, 1985), American rising rap star who became a champion for South Los Angeles.  He was born and died in Los Angeles, California.  He was shot and killed outside his clothing store.  He was 33 years old.

 

2017 ~ Gilbert Baker (b. June 2, 1951), American gay activist who created the rainbow flag.  He was born in Chanute, Kansas.  He died at age 65 in New York, New York.

 

2017 ~ Richard Bolles (né Richard Nelson Bolles; b. Mar. 19, 1927), American clergyman who became a job-searching guru.  He was an Episcopal priest who wrote the book, What Color is Your Parachute?  He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.  He died 12 days after his 90th birthday in Danville, California.

 

2016 ~ Dame Zaha Hadid (née Zaha Mohammad Hadid; b. Oct. 31, 1950), Iraqi-British visionary who broke architecture’s glass ceiling.  She was one of the most influential architects of her generation.  She was the first woman to win the Pritzker Prize.  She was born in Baghdad, Kingdom of Iraq.  She died of a heart attack at age 65 in Miami, Florida.

 

2016 ~ Imre Kertész (b. Nov. 9, 1929), Hungarian writer and recipient of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Literature.  He was a Holocaust survivor and his writings reflect his experiences.  He is best known for his quasi-autobiographical novel, Fatelessness.  He was born and died in Budapest, Hungary.  He died of Parkinson’s disease at age 86.

 

2015 ~ Robert Morin (b. Jan. 3, 1938), American librarian.  He worked for nearly 50 years as a librarian at the University of New Hampshire’s Diamond Library.  He was known as being frugal.  When he died, he left his estate, and estimated $4M to the University.  The money has been put to use to fund scholarships.  He was born in Nashua, New Hampshire. He died at age 77.

 

2014 ~ Charles Keating (né Charles Humphrey Keating, Jr.; b. Dec. 4, 1923), American attorney and businessman.  He is best known for his role in the Savings and Loan scandal of the late 1980s.  In 1991, he was charged with 17 counts of fraud, racketeering and conspiracy.  He was given a 10-year prison sentence for his crimes.  He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio.  He died at age 90 in Phoenix, Arizona.

 

2011 ~ Gil Clancy (né Gilbert Thomas Clancy; b. May 30, 1922), American Hall of Fame Boxer and trainer and boxing commentator.  He was born in New York, New York.  He died at age 88 in Lynbrook, New York.

 

2009 ~ Raúl Ricardo Alfonsin (b. Mar. 12, 1927), 46th Argentine president who championed democracy after years of brutal authoritarian rule.  He was born and died in Buenos Aires, Argentina.  He died 19 days 83rd birthday.

 

2005 ~ Terri Schiavo (née Therese Marie Schindler; b. Dec. 3, 1963), American medical patient who was the center of a wrenching right-to-die dispute.  In 1990, she suffered from a cardiac arrest, and suffered irreparable brain damage due to the lack of oxygen to her brain.  She never recovered conscientiousness and was left in a comatose state.  Her husband and her parents found themselves on opposite sides of a dispute when her husband wanted to remove her feeding tube.  After years of legal battling, the feeding tube was removed, and she died 13 days later at age 41.  She died in Pinellas Park, Florida.

 

2005 ~ Frank Perdue (né Franklin Parsons Perdue; b. May 9, 1920), American businessman and founder of Perdue Chicken.  He was born and died in Salisbury, Maryland.  He died at age 84.

 

2003 ~ Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter (b. Feb. 9, 1907), British-born Canadian mathematician.  He is known for the study of geometry.  He was born in London, England.  He died at age 96 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

 

2001 ~ Clifford Shull (né Clifford Glennwood Shull; b. Sept. 23, 1915), American physicist and recipient of the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physics.  He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  He died in Medford, Massachusetts at age 85.

 

1998 ~ Bella Abzug (née Bella Savitsky; b. July 24, 1920), American politician.  She was a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York State.  She was known for wearing big hats.  She was born and died in New York, New York.  She died of breast cancer at age 77.

 

1983 ~ Christina Stead (b. July 17, 1902), Australian novelist.  She was born in Rockdale, New South Wales, Australia. She died at age 80 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

 

1981 ~ Enid Bagnold, Lady Jones (née Enid Algerine Bagnold; b. Oct. 27, 1889), British playwright, best known for her novel, National Velvet.  She was born in Rochester, Kent, England.  She died at age 91 of bronchopenumonia.

 

1980 ~ Jesse Owens (né James Cleveland Owens; b. Sept. 12, 1913), American athlete.  He is best known for competing in track in the 1936 Olympics that were held in Berlin, Germany.  He was born in Oakville, Alabama.  He died of lung cancer at age 66 in Tucson, Arizona.

 

1978 ~ Charles Herbert Best (b. Feb. 27, 1899), Canadian medical student who co-discovered insulin.  He was born in West Pembroke, Maine.  He died about a month after his 79th birthday in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

 

1976 ~ Paul Strand (b. Oct. 16, 1890), American photographer.  He was born in Brooklyn, New York.  He died at age 85 in France.

 

1952 ~ Wallace White, Jr. (né Wallace Humphry White, Jr.; b. Aug. 6, 1877), United States Senator from the State of Maine.  He was born in Lewiston, Maine.  He died at age 74 in Auburn, Maine.

 

1945 ~ Anne Frank (née Annelies Marie Frank, b. June 12, 1929), German-Jewish girl who wrote a diary while hiding from the Nazis during World War II.  She received a diary for her thirteenth birthday.  She and her family were ultimately caught and sent to the Belsen concentration camp where she died.  The exact date of her death is unknown, but she perished in the concentration camp in either February or March 1945.  She was 15 years old at the time of her death.

 

1945 ~ Hans Fischer (b. July 27, 1881), German organic chemist and recipient of the 1930 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.  He died by suicide at age 63 in Munich, Germany after his laboratory and his life’s work had been destroyed by bombing in the last days of World War II.

 

1935 ~ Prince Georges V. Matchabelli (né George Vasili Matchabelli; b. July 23, 1885), Georgian-American businessman and founder of Prince Matchabelli perfume company.  He was born in Tbilisi, Georgia, Russian Empire.  He died of pneumonia at age 49 in New York, New York.

 

1931 ~ Knute Rockne (né Knute Kenneth Rockne; b. Mar. 4, 1888), Norwegian-American football player and coach at the University of Notre Dame.  He was born in Voss, Norway.  He was killed in an airplane crash in Kansas, while en route to participate in the film, The Spirit of Notre Dame.  He died 27 days after his 43rd birthday.

 

1917 ~ Emil Adolf von Behring (né Emil Adolf Behring; b. Mar. 15, 1854), German physician and recipient of the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, which was awarded in 1901.  He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the diphtheria antitoxin.  He died 16 days after his 63rd birthday.

 

1913 ~ J.P. Morgan, Sr. (né John Pierpoint Morgan, b. Apr. 17, 1837), American financier.  He was born in Hartford, Connecticut.  He died 17 days before his 76th birthday in Rome, Italy.

 

1907 ~ Galusha A. Grow (né Galusha Aaron Grow; b. Aug. 31, 1823), Speaker of the United States House of Representatives.  He was a Representative from Pennsylvania.  He served as Speaker from July 1861 through March 1863.  He was born in Ashford, Connecticut.  He died at age 84 in Scranton, Pennsylvania.

 

1877 ~ Antoine Augustin Cournot (b. Aug. 28, 1801), French mathematician.  He was born in Grey, France.  He died at age 75 in Paris, France.

 

1855 ~ Charlotte Brontë (b. Apr. 21, 1816), English author.  She is best known for her novel Jane Eyre.  She died 3 weeks before her 39th birthday.

 

1850 ~ John C. Calhoun (né John Caldwell Calhoun; d. Mar. 18, 1782), 7th Vice President of the United States.  He served under President John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson from March 1925 until December 1832, when he resigned the Office.  He went on to serve as the 16th United States Secretary of State during the John Tyler and James Polk administrations, from April 1844 until March 1845.  Before becoming the Vice President, he had served as the 10thUnited States Secretary of War under President James Monroe from December 1817 until March 1825.  He was born in Abbeville, South Carolina.  He died 13 days after his 68th birthday in Washington, D.C.

 

1751 ~ Frederick, Prince of Wales (b. Jan. 31, 1707), member of the British royal family and heir to the British throne.  In 1736, he married Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenberg (1719 ~ 1772).  They were the parents of George III, King of the United Kingdom.  He died before his father, thus never became king.  He was of the House of Hanover.  He was the son of George II, King of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach.  He died at age 44 of what is believed to have been a pulmonary embolism.

 

1837 ~ John Constable (d. June 11, 1776), English Romantic painter.  He died at age 60.

 

1727 ~ Sir Isaac Newton (b. Jan. 4, 1642), English mathematician, astronomer, physicist, philosopher, and natural scientist.  He is credited with inventing a branch of mathematics called calculus.  Under the old calendar (the Julian calendar), Newton’s birthdate would fall on December 25, 1642, so that date is sometime listed as his actual birthdate.  He is believed to have been 84 at the time of his death.

 

1703 ~ Johann Christoph Bach (b. Dec. 6, 1642), German composer.  The exact date of his birth is not known, but he was baptized on December 18 (Dec. 8, 1642 under the calendar in effect at the time of his birth.)  He died at age 60.

 

1671 ~ Anne Hyde (b. Mar. 12, 1637), Duchess of York and Albany and first wife of James II, King of England (1633 ~ 1701).  When they married, he was known as James, Duke of York and Albany.  She converted to Catholicism shortly after her marriage to James.  She died of breast cancer 19 days after her 34th birthday.  She died before James became king, thus was never the Queen consort.  She was the daughter of Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon and Frances Aylesbury.

 

1631 ~ John Donne (b. Jan. 22, 1572), English writer and cleric in the Church of England.  He was born and died in London, England.  He died at age 59.

 

1621 ~ Philip III, King of Spain and Portugal (b. Apr. 14, 1578).  He ruled from September 1598 until his death in 1621.  In 1599, he married Margaret of Austria (1584 ~ 1611).  He was of the House of Habsburg.  He was the son of Philip II, King of Spain and Anna of Austria.  He died 2 weeks after his 42nd birthday.

 

1547 ~ Francis I, King of France (b. Sept. 12, 1494).  He ruled over France from January 1515 until his death in 1547.  He was married twice.  In 1514, he married Claude, Duchess of Brittany (1499 ~ 1524).  After her death, he married Eleanor, Archduchess of Austria (1498 ~ 1588).  They married in 1530.  He was Eleanor’s second husband.  He was of the House of Valois-Angoulême.  He was the son of Charles, Count of Angoulême and Louise of Savoy.  He was Roman Catholic.  He died at age 52.

 

1340 ~ Ivan I, Prince of Moscow (b. 1288).  He reigned as the Prince of Moscow from No1325 until his death.  He was married twice.  His first wife was Elena Aleksandra (d. 1331).  His second wife was Ulyana.  Little is known of either wife.  He was of the House of Rurik.  He was the son of Daniel, Prince of Moscow and Maria.  He was Russian Orthodox.  The exact dates of his birth and death are unknown.  He is believed to have been between 51 and 53 at the time of his death.


No comments:

Post a Comment