Birthdays:
2016 ~ Prince Oscar of Sweden, Duke of Skåne, member of the Swedish royal family. He is of the House of Bernadotte. He is the son of Crown Princess Victoria and Daniel Westling.
1981 ~ Bryce Dallas Howard, American actress and daughter of actor Ron Howard. She is the daughter of Ron Howard. She was born in Los Angeles, California
1980 ~ Rebel Wilson (née Melanie Elizabeth Bownds), Australian actress. She was born in Sydney, Australia.
1968 ~ Daniel Craig (né Daniel Wroughton Craig), English actor best known for his portrayals of James Bond. He was born in Chester, England.
1962 ~ Jon Bon Jovi (né John Francis Bongiovi, Jr.), American singer-songwriter. He was born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey.
1955 ~ Ken Salazar (né Kenneth Lee Salazar), American politician. He served as the 50th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Barack Obama from January 2009 until April 2013. He had previously served as a United States Senator from Colorado. He was born in Alamosa, Colorado.
1952 ~ Laraine Newman, American actress and comedian. She is best known for her role as an ensemble member of the original Saturday Night Live cast. She was born in Los Angeles, California.
1950 ~ Karen Carpenter (née Karen Anne Carpenter; d. Feb. 4, 1983), American singer and drummer. She was born in New Haven, Connecticut. She died of anorexia about a month before her 33rd birthday in Downey, California.
1942 ~ Meir Ariel (d. July 18, 1999), Israeli singer-songwriter. He died of Mediterranean Spotted Fever at age 57.
1942 ~ Lou Reed (né Lewis Allan Reed; d. Oct. 27, 2013), American singer and guitarist. He was the dark visionary who reshaped rock ‘n’ roll. He was the frontman for the band The Velvet Underground. His third wife was musician and artist Laurie Anderson. He was born in New York, New York. He died of liver disease at age 71 in East Hampton, New York.
1942 ~ John Irving (né John Wallace Blunt, Jr.), American novelist, author of such books as The World According to Garpand Hotel New Hampshire. He was born in Exeter, New Hampshire.
1941 ~ David Satcher, African-American physician and 16th United States Surgeon General. He served under Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush from February 1998 until February 2002. He was born in Anniston, Alabama.
1938 ~ Ricardo Lagos (né Ricardo Froilán Lagos Escobar), President of Chile. He served as President from March 2000 until March 2006. He was born in Santiago, Chile.
1932 ~ Miriam Makeba (née Zenzile Miriam Makeba; d. Nov. 9, 2008), South African singer known as “Mama Africa.” She was born in Johannesburg, South Africa. She died at age 76 in Castel Volturo, Italy.
1931 ~ Mikhail Gorbachev (d. Aug. 30, 2022), the last leader of the Soviet Union. He served from 1985 to 1991. He was also the recipient of the 1990 Nobel Peace Prize. He was born in Privolnoye, Russia. He died following a long illness at age 91.
1930 ~ Edward Sheehan (né Edward Richard Fulton Sheehan; d. Nov. 3, 2008), foreign correspondent who immersed himself in turmoil. He was born and died in Newton, Massachusetts. He died at age 78 from an allergic reaction to medication.
1930 ~ Tom Wolfe (né Thomas Kennerly Wolfe, Jr.; d. May 14, 2018), American “New Journalist” who gleefully skewered the elite. He is best known for his books such as The Bonfire of the Vanities and The Right Stuff. He was born in Richmond, Virginia. He died at age 87 in New York, New York.
1928 ~ Katharine Whitehorn (née Katharine Elizabeth Whitehorn; d. Jan. 8, 2021), British journalist, author, and radio host. She died at age 92 in London, England.
1927 ~ Kurt Leichtweiß (d. June 23, 2013), German mathematician. He specialized in differential geometry. He died at age 86.
1922 ~ David Greenglass (d. July 1, 2014), American spy who doomed his sister, Ethel Rosenberg, to execution. He was an atomic spy for the Soviet Union who worked on the Manhattan Project. It was his testimony that convicted his sister and brother-in-law. He served nine and a half years for his spying activities. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died at age 92.
1922 ~ Arnold Hano (né Arnold Philip Hano; d. Oct. 24, 2021), American journalist who wrote about baseball heroics. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 99 in Laguna Beach, California.
1921 ~ Norman T. Hatch (né Norman Thomas Hatch; d. Apr. 22, 2017), the American Marine who filmed World War II in the Pacific. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 96 in Alexandria, Virginia.
1917 ~ Desi Arnez (né Desiderio Alberto Arnaz y de Acha III; d. Dec. 2, 1986), Cuban-born actor and bandleader. He was married to Lucille Ball. He was born in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. He died of lung cancer at age 69 in Del Mar, California.
1909 ~ Mel Ott (né Melvin Thomas Ott; d. Nov. 21, 1958), American professional baseball player. He was born in Gretna, Louisiana. He was in a car accident in Bay Saint Louis, Mississippi. He was transported to a hospital in New Orleans where he died. He was 49 years old at the time of his death.
1904 ~ Dr. Seuss (né Thedor Seuss Geisel; d. Sept. 24, 1991), author of children’s books, such as The Cat in the Hat. In 2022, six of his books, including And to Think That I Saw it on Mulberry Street, were determined to contain racist and offensive imagery, so would no longer be published. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. He died at age 87 in La Jolla, California.
1901 ~ Grete Hermann (d. Apr. 15, 1984), German mathematician. She was born in Bremen, German Empire, and died when it was Bremen, West Germany. She died at age 83.
1900 ~ Kurt Weill (né Kurt Julian Weill; d. Apr. 3, 1950), German composer best known for The Threepenny Opera. He grew up in a religious Jewish family. He fled Nazi Germany in 1933. He became an American citizen in 1943. He died of a heart attack about a month after his 50th birthday in New York, New York.
1878 ~ William Kissam Vanderbilt, II (d. Jan. 8, 1944), member of the Vanderbilt family and yachtsman. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died of a heart ailment at age 65.
1876 ~ Pope Pius XII (né Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli; d. Oct. 9, 1958). He was elected Pope on his 63rdbirthday. He was Pope from March 1939 until his death at age 82 in October 1958.
1860 ~ Susanna M. Salter (née Susanna Madora Kinsey; d. Mar. 17, 1961), United States politician and activist. She was elected mayor of Argonia, Kansas, thereby becoming the first woman elected mayor of any United States city, and one of the first women to be elected to any political office in the United States. She was born in Lamira, Ohio. She died 15 days after her 101st birthday in Norman, Oklahoma.
1859 ~ Sholem Aleichem (né Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich; d. May 13, 1916), Russian-Yiddish writer and humorist. He died of tuberculosis and diabetes at age 57 in New York, New York.
1842 ~ Carl Jacobsen (né Carl Christian Hillman Jacobsen; d. Jan. 11, 1914), Dutch brewer and patron of the arts. The Carlsberg Brewery is named after him. He was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. He died at age 71.
1836 ~ Henry Billings Brown (d. Sept. 4, 1913), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Benjamin Harrison. He served on the Court from December 1890 through May 1906. He is best known for being the author of the 1896 decision in Plessy v. Ferguson, which solidified the “separate but equal” doctrine. He replaced Samuel Freeman Miller on the Court and was succeeded by William Henry Moody. He was born in Lee, Massachusetts. He died at age 77 in Bronxville, New York.
1832 ~ John Foster (né John Watson Foster; d. Nov. 15, 1917), American politician. He was the 32nd United States Secretary of State. He served under President Benjamin Harrison from June 1892 until February 1893. He was the grandfather of John Foster Dulles, who later became United States Secretary of State during the Eisenhower administration. He was born in Petersburg, Indiana. He died in Washington, D. C., at age 81.
1829 ~ Carl Schurz (né Carl Christian Schurz; d. May 14, 1906), German-born American and 13th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Rutherford Hayes from March 1877 until March 1881. He died at age 77 in New York, New York.
1816 ~ Alexander Bullock (né Alexander Hamilton Bullock; d. Jan. 17, 1882), 26th Governor of Massachusetts. He was Governor from January 1866 until January 1869. He had previously served as the Mayor of Worcester, Massachusetts. He was born in Royalston, Massachusetts. He died at age 65 in Worcester, Massachusetts.
1810 ~ Pope Leo XIII (né Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci; d. July 20, 1903). He was Pope from February 1878 until July 1903. He died at age 93.
1793 ~ Sam Houston (d. July 26, 1863), American political leader, Governor of Tennessee, President of the Republic of Texas, and Governor of Texas. The city of Houston, Texas was named after him. He was born in Rockbridge, Virginia. He died of pneumonia at age 70 in Huntsville, Texas.
1779 ~ Joel Poinsett (né Joel Roberts Poinsett; d. Dec. 12, 1851), 15th United States Secretary of War. He served under President Martin Van Buren from March 1837 until March 1841. He was also a physician and slave owner. From March 1821 until March 1825, he served as a member in the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina. He was born in Charleston, South Carolina. He died at age 72 in Stateburg, South Carolina.
1769 ~ DeWitt Clinton (d. Feb. 11, 1828), 6th Governor of New York. He had also served as the Mayor of New York as well as a United States Senator from New York. He was born in Little Britain, New York. He died less than a month before his 59th birthday in Albany, New York.
1545 ~ Thomas Bodley (d. Jan. 28, 1613), English diplomat and scholar. He is best known for being the founder of the Bodleian Library at Oxford University. He died at age 67.
1459 ~ Pope Adrian VI (né Adriaan Florenzoon Boeyens; d. Sept. 14, 1523), Pope from January 1522 until his death a year later. He was born in Ultrecht (now in the Netherlands). He died at age 64 in Rome.
1320 ~ Elizabeth Mure, first wife of Robert II, King of Scotland. Their 1336 marriage was not sanctified by the church, so they remarried in 1349 following a papal dispensation. They had several children together, including Robert III, King of Scotland. She died before Robert became king, so was never the queen consort. She was the daughter of Sir Adam Mure of Rowallan and Janet Mure of Pokelly. She was born on her husband’s 4th birthday. The date of her death is not known.
1316 ~ Robert II, King of Scotland (d. Apr. 19, 1390). He ruled from February 1371 until his death in April 19 years later. He was married twice. His first wife was Elizabeth Mure (b. 1320 ~ ?). They were the parents of Robert III, King of the Scots. His second wife was Euphemia de Ross (1329 ~ 1386). He was Euphemia’s second husband. He was of the House of Stewart. He was the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland and Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert the Bruce. He died at age 74.
Events that Changed the World:
2017 ~ Three new synthetic elements were added to the periodic table: Moscovium, atomic number 115; Tennessine, atomic number 117; and Oganesson, atomic number 118.
2012 ~ Tornadoes in the Ohio Valley of the United States killed 40 people.
2002 ~ Operation Anaconda began with the invasion of United States troops into Afghanistan. The operation ended on March 19, 2002 after 500 Taliban and al-Qadea fighters and 11 Western troops were killed.
1995 ~ Researchers at the Fermilab announced the discovery of the top Quark.
1995 ~ Yahoo! became incorporated.
1970 ~ Rhodesia declared itself a republic, breaking its links to the British crown.
1962 ~ Wilt Chamberlain (1936 ~ 1999) set the single-game scoring record in the National Basketball Association by scoring 100 points, in a game played in Hershey, Pennsylvania.
1956 ~ Morocco gained its independence from France.
1949 ~ The first automatic streetlights were installed in New Milford, Connecticut.
1946 ~ Ho Chi Minh (1890 ~ 1969) was elected President of North Vietnam.
1939 ~ Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli (1876 ~ 1958) was elected Pope and took the name Pius XII.
1933 ~ The movie King Kong opened at the Radio City Music Hall in New York City.
1917 ~ The Jones-Shafroth Act granted Puerto Ricans United States citizenship.
1901 ~ The United States Steel Corporation was founded as a result of a merger between Carnegie Steel Company and the Federal Steel Company. The United States Steel Corporation became the first corporation with a market capital of over $1 billion.
1877 ~ Rutherford B. Hayes (1822 ~ 1893) was declared the winner of the 1876 Presidential election, even though his opponent, Samuel Tilden (1814 ~ 1886) had won the popular vote. Hayes was inaugurated into office on March 4, 1977.
1867 ~ The United States Congress passed the first post-Civil War Reconstruction Act.
1855 ~ Alexander II (1818 ~ 1881) became the Tsar of Russia.
1836 ~ Texas declared its independence from Mexico and became known as the Republic of Texas.
1807 ~ The United States Congress passed the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves. No new slaves were allowed to be imported into the United States.
1657 ~ The Great Fire of Meireki began in Edo, Japan, now known as Tokyo. The fire killed more than 100,000 people and destroyed between 60 and 70% of the city. The fire took three days before it finally burned out.
986 ~ Louis V (966 ~ 987) became King of the Franks. He was the last Carolingian king of West Francia. He was known as Louis the Do-Nothing.
Good-Byes:
2023 ~ Wayne Shorter (b. Aug. 25, 1933), African-American saxophonist who shaped decades of modern jazz. He was born in Newark, New Jersey. He died at age 89 in Los Angeles, California.
2023 ~ Theodore S Kanamine (né Theodore Shigeru Kanamine; b. Aug. 29, 1929), Japanese-American United States brigadier general who was interned as a boy. During World War II, he and his family were relocated to an internment camp. He served in the military police and investigated the My Lai massacre. He was born in Hollywood, California. He died at age 93 in Naples, Florida.
2020 ~ James Lipton (né Louis James Lipton; b. Sept. 19, 1926), American TV host who went inside the actors’ minds. He was known as the longtime host of the Brava show Inside the Actors Studio in which he interviewed Hollywood stars. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He died in Manhattan, New York at age 93 of bladder cancer.
2012 ~ Lawrence Anthony (b. Sept. 17, 1950), South African conservationist who saved the Baghdad Zoo. He was born in Johannesburg, South Africa. He died of a heart attack at age 61.
2012 ~ James Q. Wilson (né James Quinn Wilson; b. May 27, 1931), American political scientist and authority on public administration. He was the scholar who revolutionized policing. He was born in Denver, Colorado. He died in Boston, Massachusetts at age 80.
2007 ~ Thomas S. Kleppe (né Thomas Savig Kleppe; b. July 1, 1919), 41st United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Gerald Ford from October 1975 until January 1977. He has also served in the United States House of Representatives from North Dakota. He was born in Kintyre, North Dakota. He died at age 87 in Bethesda, Maryland.
1999 ~ Dusty Springfield (née Mary Isobel Catherine Bernadette O’Brien; b. Apr. 16, 1939), English singer. She died of breast cancer at age 59.
1991 ~ Serge Gainsbourg (né Lucien Ginsburg; b. Apr. 2, 1928), French singer and screenwriter. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died of a heart attack a month before his 63rd birthday.
1982 ~ Philip K. Dick (né Philip Kindred Dick; b. Dec. 16, 1928), American author. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of a stroke at age 53 in Santa Ana, California.
1962 ~ Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin, Baron de la Vallée Poussin (b. Aug. 14, 1866), Belgian mathematician. He is best known for proving the Prime Number Theory. He died at age 95 in Brussels, Belgium.
1946 ~ Logan P. Smith (né Logan Pearsall Smith; b. Oct. 18, 1865), American-born British essayist and critic. He was born in Millville, New Jersey. He died at age 80 in London, England.
1944 ~ Ida MacLean (né Ida Smedley; b. June 14, 1877), British biochemist. She was the first woman admitted into the London Chemical Society. She was the first femal staff member at the Manchester University where she became an assistant lecturer in the chemisty department in 1906. She was born in Birmingham, England. She died in London, England at age 66.
1943 ~ Gisela Januszewska (b. Jan. 22, 1867), Austrian physician. She was born in what is now the Czech Republic. She was Jewish and was one of the few physicians to ensure that Bosnian Muslim women received proper medical care. During World War II, she was deported to Theresienstadt concentration camp where she died at age 76.
1939 ~ Howard Carter (b. May 9, 1874), British archaeologist. He led the expedition that found the tomb of King Tut. He was born and died in Kensington, England. He died of lymphoma at age 64.
1936 ~ Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. Nov. 25, 1876), Grand Duchess consort of Hesse and by Rhine through her marriage to Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (1868 ~ 1937). He was her 1st husband and she was his first wife. They married in 1894 and divorced in 1901. After they divorced, she married Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of Russia (1876 ~ 1932). They married in 1905. She was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. She was the daughter of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Grand Duchess Maria Alexandronova of Russia. She was a granddaughter of Victoria, Queen of England. She converted to Russian Orthodox upon her second marriage. She died of a stroke at age 59.
1930 ~ D.H. Lawrence (né David Herbert Richards Lawrence; b. Sept. 11, 1885), English writer best known for his novel Lady Chatterley’s Lover. He died from complications of tuberculosis at age 44.
1921 ~ Champ Clark (né James Beauchamp Clark; b. Mar. 7, 1850), American lawyer and United States Representative from Missouri. He served as the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He was born in Lawrenceburg, Kentucky. He died 5 days before his 71st birthday in Washington, D.C.
1916 ~ Princess Elisabeth of Wied (b. Dec. 29, 1843), Queen consort of Romania and wife of Carol I, King of Romania. They married in 1869. She was of the House of Weid-Neuwied. She was the daughter of Hermann, Prince of Wied and Princess Marie of Nassau. She died at age 71.
1895 ~ Berthe Morisot (née Berthe Marie Pauline Morisot; b. Jan. 14, 1841), French impressionist painter. She married Eugène Manet and was the sister-in-law of artist Édouard Manet. She died of pneumonia at age 54 in Paris, France.
1895 ~ Isma’il Pasha (b. Dec. 31, 1830), Egyptian ruler. He governed Egypt from January 1863 until June 1879 when he was removed from power by pressure from Great Britain. He was born in Cairo, Egypt. He died at age 64 in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire.
1855 ~ Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia (b. July 6, 1796). July 6 is the date of his birth under the Gregorian calendar. His birthday is June 25 under the calendar used by Russia at the time of his birth. He ruled as Emperor of Russia from December 1825 until his death in 1855. He married Alexandra Feodorvna (née Charlotte of Prussia; 1789 ~ 1860) in 1817. He was of the House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov. He was the son of Paul I, Tsar of Russia and Maria Feodorovna (née Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg). He died of pneumonia at age 58.
1835 ~ Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. Feb. 12, 1768). He ruled as Holy Roman Emperor from July 1792 until he abdicated and dissolved the Empire in August 1806. In 1804, he founded the Empire of Austria and lived out his life as Francis I, Emperor of Austria. He married four times. His first wife was Elisabeth of Württemberg (1767 ~ 1790). They married in 1788. After her death in 1790, he married Maria Teresa of Naples and Sicily (1772 ~ 1807). A year after her death, he married Maria Ludovika Beatrix of Modena (1787 ~ 1816). His fourth wife was Caroline Augusta of Bavaria (1792 ~ 1873), whom he married in 1816. He was of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. He was the son of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain. He died less than 3 weeks after his 67th birthday.
1797 ~ Horace Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford (b. Sept. 24, 1717), English politician and writer. He was born and died in London, England. He died at age 79.
1791 ~ John Wesley (b. June 28, 1703), English cleric and founder of Methodism and the Methodist church. He died at age 87 in London, England.
1619 ~ Princess Anne of Denmark (b. Dec. 12, 1574), Queen consort of Scotland, England, and Ireland. She was the wife of James VI, King of Scotland / James I, King of England (1566 ~ 1625). They married in 1589. They were the parents of Charles I, King of England. She was of the of the House of Oldenburg. She was the daughter of Frederick II, King of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow. She was raised Lutheran. She may have converted to Catholicism. She died at age 44.
1333 ~ Władysław I Łokietek (b. 1261), King of Poland. He ruled Poland from 1320 until his death 13 years later. He was also known as Ladislaus the Short. He was married to Jadwiga of Kalisz (1266 ~ 1339). They were the parents of Casimir III, King of Poland. He was of the House of Piast. He was the son of Casimir I of Kayavia and Euphorsyne of Opole. The exact date of his birth is not known. He is believed to have died at about age 72.
1316 ~ Princess Marjorie Bruce (b. 1296), member of the Scottish royal family. She was married to Walter Steward, 6thHigh Steward of Scotland (1296 ~ 1327). They were the parents of Robert II, the first King of Scotland. She was of the House of Bruce. She was the daughter of Robert the Bruce and Isabella of Mar. The exact date of her birth is not known. She died in childbirth at about age 20 or 21.
986 ~ Lothair, King of West Francia (b. 941). He ruled from September 954 until his death 32 years later. He was married to Emma of Italy (948 ~ ?). He was of the House of Carolingian. He was the son of Louis IV, King of France and Gerberga of Saxony. The exact date of his birth is not known. He is believed to have been 44 at the time of his death.
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