Birthdays:
1978 ~ Josh Harnett (né Joshua Daniel Harnett), American actor. He was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
1973 ~ Ali Landry (née Ali Germaine Landry), American model and Miss USA 1996. She was born Breaux Bridge, Louisiana.
1968 ~ Brandi Chastain (née Brandi Denise Chastain), American soccer player. She was born in San Jose, California.
1966 ~ Sarah Waters (née Sarah Ann Waters), Welsh novelist. She was born in Neyland, Wales.
1957 ~ Jon Lovitz (né Jonathan Michael Lovitz), American comedian. He was born in Los Angeles, California.
1955 ~ Dannel Malloy (né Dannel Patrick Malloy), 88th Governor of Connecticut. He served in that Office from January 2011 until January 2019. In July, 2019, he became the 13th Chancellor of the University of Maine System. He was born in Stamford, Connecticut.
1951 ~ Robin Williams (né Robin McLaurin Williams; d. Aug. 11, 2014), American live-wire comedian who excelled at improvising. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died by suicide 21 days after his 63rd birthday in Paradise Cay, California. His suicide has been attributed to his struggle with Lewy body disease.
1948 ~ Garry Trudeau (né Garretson Beekman Trudeau), American cartoonist. He is best known for creating the political comic strip, Doonesbury. He is married to journalist Jane Pauley. He was born in New York, New York.
1946 ~ Ken Starr (né Kenneth Winston Starr), 39th Solicitor General of the United States. He served in the George W.H. Bush administration. He is best known for his tenure as independent counsel in the Bill Clinton impeachment proceedings. He was born in Vernon, Texas.
1943 ~ Edward Herrmann (né Edward Kirk Herrmann; d. Dec. 31, 2014), American actor. He was born in Washington, D.C. He died of brain cancer at age 71 in Manhattan, New York.
1939 ~ John Negroponte (né John Demitri Negroponte), 1st United States Director of National Intelligence. This position was created during the George W. Bush. He served in that Office from April 2005 until February 2007. He was born in London, England.
1938 ~ Les Aspin (né Leslie Aspin, Jr.; d. May 21, 1995), 18th United States Secretary of Defense. He served under President Bill Clinton from January 1993 until February 1994. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He died of a stroke at age 56 in Washington, D.C.
1938 ~ Janet Reno (née Janet Wood Reno; d. Nov. 7, 2016), 78th United States Attorney General and first female to hold this post. She served in the Clinton administration from March 1993 until January 2001. She was born and died in Miami, Florida. She died of Parkinson’s Disease at age 78.
1926 ~ Norman Jewison (né Norman Frederick Jewison), Canadian director and producer. He was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
1925 ~ Tom Jago (né Thomas Edward Jago; d. Oct. 12, 2018), Cornish drinks guru who helped invent the world’s favorite liquors. He is known as being the creator of Baileys Irish Cream. He was born in Camelford, Cornwall, United Kingdom. He died at age 93 in London, England.
1924 ~ Don Knotts (né Jesse Donald Knotts; d. Feb. 24, 2006), American actor best known for his role as Barney Fife on the Andy Griffith Show. He was born in Morgantown, West Virginia. He died of lung cancer at age 81 in Los Angeles, California.
1923 ~ Rudolph Marcus (né Rudolph Arthur Marcus), Canadian chemist and recipient of the 1992 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
1920 ~ Isaac Stern (d. Sept. 22, 2001), Ukrainian-born violinist. He was born in what was then Kremenets, Poland (now Ukraine). He died of heart failure at age 81 in Manhattan, New York.
1919 ~ Steven dePyssler (né Steven Leroy dePyssler; d. July 25, 2020), American Air Force colonel who served in World War II, the Korean War, the French Indochina War, the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Vietnam War and the Dominican Civil War. He is the only American who participated in six military engagements. He became a tireless volunteer after retiring. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died in Bossier City, Louisiana of Covid-19 just 4 days after his 101stbirthday.
1911 ~ Marshall McLuhan (né Herbert Marshall McLuhan; d. Dec. 31, 1980), Canadian philosopher. He coined the term the medium is the message. He was born in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. He died at age 69 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
1905 ~ Diana Trilling (né Diana Rubin; d. Oct. 23, 1996), American literary critic and author. She was the wife of author Lionel Trilling. She died at age 91 in New York, New York.
1899 ~ Hart Crane (né Harold Hart Crane; d. Apr. 27, 1932), American writer. He was born in Garrettsville, Ohio. He is believed to have intentionally died by suicide at age 32 by throwing himself off a steamship in the Gulf of Mexico.
1899 ~ Ernest Hemingway (né Ernest Miller Hemingway; d. July 2, 1961), American novelist and recipient of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born in Oak Park, Illinois. He died by suicide three weeks before his 62nd birthday in Ketchum, Idaho.
1896 ~ Sophie Bledsoe Aberle (né Sophie Bledsoe Herrick; d. Oct. 1996), Native American anthropologist, physician and nutritionist. She was one of two women first appointed to the National Science Board. She died at age 100.
1893 ~ Hans Fallada (né Rudolf Wilhelm Friedrich Ditzen; d. Feb. 5, 1947), German novelist best known for his novel, Every Man Dies Alone. He died at age 53 in Berlin, Germany.
1864 ~ Frances Folsom Cleveland (née Frances Clara Folsom, d. Oct. 29, 1947), First Lady of the United States and wife of President Grover Cleveland. They married when he was in Office. She was 21 years old at the time of her marriage in 1886, making her the youngest First Lady. She had been his ward before their marriage. President Cleveland was 49 at the time of their marriage. After Grover Cleveland died, Frances married Thomas Preston, Jr., in February 1913. She was the first presidential widow to remarry. She was born in Buffalo, New York. She died at age 83 in Baltimore, Maryland.
1858 ~ Archduchess Marie Christina of Austria (d. Feb. 6, 1929), Queen consort of Spain and second wife of Alfonso XII, King of Spain. She was of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. She was the daughter of Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria and Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria. She died of heart disease at age 70.
1824 ~ Stanley Matthews (né Thomas Stanley Matthews; d. Mar. 22, 1889), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President James Garfield. He replaced Noah Swayne on the Court. He was succeeded by David Brewer. He served on the Court from May 1881 until his death 8 years later. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He died at age 64 in Washington, D.C.
1816 ~ Paul Reuter (né Israel Beer Josaphat; d. Feb. 25, 1899), German-born British journalist and founder of Reuters news service. Although born Jewish, he converted and was baptized at St. George’s German Lutheran Chapel in London in 1845. He died at age 82 in Nice, France.
1693 ~ Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle (d. Nov. 17, 1768), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was Prime Minister from March 1754 until November 1756 during the reign of King George II, and again during the reigns of King George II and King George III, from March 1757 until May 1762. He was born in London, England. He died at age 75.
1653 ~ Sarah Good (née Sarah Solart; d. July 29, 1692), American woman accused of witchcraft during the Salem witch trials. She was convicted of witchcraft. She was born in Wenham, Massachusetts. She was executed in Danvers, Massachusetts by hanging 8 days after her 39th birthday.
1620 ~ Jean-Félix Picard (d. July 12, 1682), French astronomer. He died at less than 2 weeks before his 62ndbirthday in Paris, France.
1616 ~ Anna de’Medici (d. Sept. 11, 1676), Archduchess of Further Austria and wife of Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of Further Austria. She was of the House of Medici. She was the daughter of Cosimo II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Maria Maddalena of Austria. She died at age 60.
1414 ~ Pope Sixtus IV (né Francesco della Rovere; d. Aug. 12, 1481). He is best known for having had the Sistine Chapel build. He was Pope from August 9, 1471 until his death 13 years later. He died 22 days after his 70th birthday.
628 ~ Gao Zong (d. Dec. 27, 683), Chinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He was Emperor from July 649 until his death in December 683. He died at age 55.
541 ~ Emperor Wen of Sui (d. Aug. 13, 604), 1st Chinese Emperor of the Sui Dynasty. He died just over 3 weeks after his 63rd birthday.
Events that Changed the World:
2005 ~ Four terrorist bombings occurred in London, disrupting the city’s public transportation system. These bombings occurred 2 weeks after the deadly bombing that took place on July 5.
1970 ~ The Aswan High Dam on the Nile in Egypt was completed after 11 years of construction.
1969 ~ Neil Armstrong (1930 ~ 2012) and Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin (b. 1930) became the first humans to walk on the moon during the Apollo 11 mission. They had landed on the moon the day before.
1961 ~ Gus Grissom (1926 ~ 1967) became the second American go to into space. His was a suborbital mission in the Mercury program.
1954 ~ During the first Indochina War, the Geneva Conference partitioned Vietnam into North and South Vietnam.
1949 ~ The United States Senate ratified the North Atlantic Treaty.
1925 ~ John T. Scopes (1900 ~ 1970) was convicting of violating the Tennessee state laws for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution in the so-called “Monkey Trial.” He was fined $100.
1873 ~ Jesse James (1847 ~ 1882) and the James-Younger Gang pulled off the first successful train robbery in the American West. The train was robbed in Adair, Iowa.
1865 ~ Wild Bill Hickok (1837 ~ 1876) shot and killed Davis Tutt (1836 ~ 1865) in a duel in what is now regarded as the first western showdown.
1861 ~ The First Battle of Bull Run at Manassas Junction, Virginia, was the first major battle in the American Civil War. It was a victory for the Confederate Army.
1831 ~ Leopold I,, King of Belgium (1790 ~ 1865) was inaugurated as the first king of the Belgians.
1645 ~ During the Qing dynasty and edict was issued ordering all Han Chinese men to shave their foreheads and braid the rest of their hair into a queue.
365 ~ A tsunami resulting from an estimated 8.0 magnitude earthquake in Crete, devastated the city of Alexandria, Egypt. It is estimated that over 50,000 people died from the effects of the tsunami.
230 ~ Pope Pontian (d. October 235) became the 18th Catholic Pope. He was Pope during the reign of Emperor Maximinus Thrax, who was known for persecuting Christians. Pope Pontian was arrested by the Romans and resigned in September 235 to make the election of a new Pope possible. He was the first Pope to resign. He was probably murdered while in Roman custody. He was later canonized and is known as Saint Pope Pontian.
356 BCE ~ The traditional date that the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, was destroyed by arson.
Good-Byes:
2019 ~ Robert Morgenthau (né Robert Morris Morgenthau; b. July 31, 1919), American District Attorney who cleaned up New York City. He served as the District Attorney for New York County/Manhattan from 1975 until his retirement in 2009. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died 10 days before his 100th birthday.
2018 ~ Jonathan Gold (b. July 28, 1960), American food writer who savored Los Angeles. He was born and died in Los Angeles, California. He died of pancreatic cancer 1 week before his 58th birthday.
2018 ~ Alene B. Duerk (née Alene Bertha Duerk; b. Mar. 29, 1920), American naval officer. In 1972, she became the first female admiral in the United States Navy. She was born in Defiance, Ohio. She died at age 98 in Lake Mary, Florida.
2017 ~ John Heard, Jr. (b. Mar. 7, 1945), American actor. He was born in Washington, D.C. He died of a heart attack at age 71 in Palo Alto, California.
2015 ~ E.L. Doctorow (né Edgar Lawrence Doctorow; b. Jan. 6, 1931), American author who turned history into gold. He is best known for his novel Ragtime. He was born in The Bronx, New York. He died of lung cancer at age 84 in Manhattan, New York.
2015 ~ Theodore Bikel (né Theodore Meir Bikel; b. May 2, 1924), Austrian singer and actor. He was named after Theodor Herzl, who was also born on this date. In 1938, his family moved to Israel. He was born in Vienna, Austria. He died at age 91 in Westwood, California.
2008 ~ Eugene A. Foster (né Eugene Abram Foster; b. 1927), American pathologist who linked President Thomas Jefferson to his slave, Sally Hemmings. He died of complications of pneumonia and renal failure at age 81.
2005 ~ Isabella Bashmakova (b. Jan. 3, 1921), Russian historian of mathematics. She died at age 84.
2004 ~ Edward B. Lewis (né Edward Butts Lewis; d. May 20, 1918), American geneticist and recipient of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. He died at age 86 in Pasadena, California.
1998 ~ Alan Shepard (né Alan Bartlett Shepard, Jr.; b. Nov. 18, 1923), American pioneering astronaut. He was the first American and second person to travel into space, although is initial flight was suborbital. He was born in Derry, New Hampshire. He died of complications of leukemia at age 74 in Pebble Beach, California.
1998 ~ Robert Young (né Robert George Young; b. Feb. 22, 1907), American actor. He is best known for his role as Marcus Welby on the television show, Marcus Welby, M.D. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of respiratory failure at age 91 in Westlake Village, California.
1982 ~ Dave Garroway (né David Cunningham Garroway; b. July 13, 1913), American journalist. He was born in Schenectady, New York. He died by suicide a week after his 69th birthday in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania.
1967 ~ Albert Lutuli (b. 1898), South African politician and recipient of the 1960 Nobel Peace Prize. The exact date of his birth is not known.
1967 ~ Basil Rathbone (né Philip St. John Basil Rathborne; b. June 13, 1892), South African-born English actor. He was born in Johannesburg, Transvaal, South African Republic. He died of a heart attack at age 75 in New York, New York.
1966 ~ Philipp Frank (b. Mar. 20, 1884), Austrian-American physicist and mathematician. He immigrated to the United States to flee the Nazis. He was born in Vienna, Austria. He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts at age 82.
1948 ~ Arshile Gorky (né Vostanik Manoug Adoian; b. Apr. 15, 1904), Armenian painter. He died by suicide at age 44 in Sherman, Connecticut.
1944 ~ Claus von Stauffenberg (b. Nov. 15, 1907), German leader of a failed plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler. He was executed by firing squad at age 36 in Berlin, Nazi Germany.
1899 ~ Robert G. Ingersoll (né Robert Green Ingersoll; b. Aug. 11, 1833), American Union Civil War Veteran and politician. He was known as the Great Agnostic and campaigned in defense of agnosticism. He was born in Dresden, New York. He died of congestive heart failure 21 days before his 66th birthday in Dobbs Verry, New York.
1892 ~ Henry Gardner (né Henry Joseph Gardner; b. June 14, 1819), Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1855 until January 1858. He was born in Dorchester, Massachusetts. He died at age 73 in Milton, Massachusetts.
1796 ~ Robert Burns (b. Jan. 25, 1759), Scottish poet. He died at age 37.
710 ~ Wei, Empress of the Tang Dynasty. She was the second wife of the Emperor Zhongzong of Tang. The date of her birth is not known.
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