Birthdays:
1974 ~ Joaquin Phoenix (né Joaquin Rafel Bottom), American actor. He was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
1972 ~ Brad Paisley (né Brad Douglas Paisley), American country music singer-songwriter. He was born in Glen Dale, West Virginia.
1967 ~ Julia Roberts (née Julia Fiona Roberts), American actress. She was born in Smyrna, Georgia.
1966 ~ Andy Richter (né Paul Andrew Richter), American actor and sidekick to Conan O’Brien. He was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan.
1963 ~ Lauren Holly (née Lauren Michael Holly), American actress. She was born in Bristol, Pennsylvania.
1960 ~ Landon Curt Noll, American mathematician. He was born in Walnut Creek, California.
1956 ~ Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (né Mahmoud Sabbaghian), 6th President of Iran. He served in that Office from August 2005 until August 2013.
1955 ~ Bill Gates (né William Henry Gates, III), American computer executive and principle founder of Microsoft. He was born in Seattle, Washington.
1952 ~Annie Potts (née Anne Hampton Potts), American actress. She was born in Nashville, Tennessee.
1945 ~ Sandy Berger (né Samuel Richard Berger, d. Dec. 2, 2015), American 19th United States National Security Advisor. He served from March 1997 until January 2001 during the Bill Clinton administration. He was born in Millerton, New York. He died of cancer at age 70 in Washington, D.C.
1944 ~ Dennis Franz (né Dennis Franz Schlachta), American actor. He is best known for his role as Lt. Norman Buntz on the television drama Hill Street Blues. He was born in Maywood, Illinois.
1939 ~ Charles Lippincott (né Charles Myers Lippincott, Jr.; d. May 19, 2020), American publicist who helped create the Star Wars phenomenon. He was born in Adams, Massachusetts. He died at age 80 in Vermont.
1938 ~ Anne Perry (née Juliet Marion Hulme), British author of historical detective novels. As a teenager, she and her friend Pauline Parker, were convicted of the murder of Parker’s mother. She was born in London, England.
1933 ~ Anne Morrissy Merick (née Anne Louise Morrissy; d. May 2, 2017), American pioneering journalist who covered Vietnam. She is best known for persuading the Pentagon to reverse an order, known as the Westmoreland Edict, which had prevented female reporters from accompanying troops on the front lines during the Vietnam War. She was born in Manhattan, New York. She died at age 83 in Naples, Florida.
1932 ~ Suzy Parker (née Cecilia Ann Renee Parker; d. May 3, 2003), American actress and model. She was born in Long Island, New York. She died of kidney failure at age 70 in Montecito, California.
1929 ~ Joan Plowright, Baroness Olivier (née Joan Ann Plowright), British actress. Laurence Olivier was her second husband. She is often referred to as Dame Joan Plowright.
1926 ~ Bowie Kuhn (né Bowie Kent Kuhn; d. Mar. 15, 2007), American lawyer and businessman. He served as the 5th Commissioner of Major League Baseball. He was the Baseball Commissioner from February 1969 until September 1984. He was born in Takoma Park, Maryland. He died of complications of pneumonia at age 80 in Jacksonville, Florida.
1919 ~ Gerhard Ringel (d. June 24, 2008), Austrian mathematician. He was born in Bad Pirawarth, Austria. He died at age 88 in Santa Cruz, California.
1914 ~ Richard Synge (né Richard Laurence Millington Synge; d. Aug. 18, 1994), British biochemist and recipient of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 79.
1914 ~ Jonas Salk (né Jonas Edward Salk, b. June 23, 1995), American biologist and physician. He was best known for his discovery and development of a polio vaccine. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 80 in La Jolla, California.
1911 ~ Shiing-Shen Chern (d. Dec. 3, 2004), Chinese mathematician. He was born in Jiaxing, China. He died at age 93 in Tianjin, China.
1908 ~ Arturo Frondizi (d. Apr. 18, 1995), President of Argentina. He served as President from May 1958 until March 1962. He died at age 86 in Buenos Aries, Argentina.
1905 ~ Tatyana Pavlovna Ehrenfest (d. Nov. 29, 1984), Dutch mathematician. She about a month after her 79th birthday.
1903 ~ Evelyn Waugh (né Arthur Evelyn St. John Waugh; d. Apr. 10, 1966), English writer. He died of heart failure at age 62.
1897 ~ Edith Head (né Edith Claire Posener; d. Oct. 24, 1981), American costume designer for Hollywood. She was born in San Bernadino, California. She died 4 days before her 84th birthday in Los Angeles, California.
1879 ~ Channing H. Cox (né Channing Harris Cox, d. Aug. 20, 1968), 49th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1921 until January 1925. He was born in Manchester, New Hampshire. He died at age 88 in West Harwich, Massachusetts.
1804 ~ Pierre François Verhulst (d. Feb. 15, 1849), Belgian mathematician. He died at age 44.
1793 ~ Eliphalet Remington (d. Aug. 12, 1861), American inventor and designer of the Remington rifle. He was the founder of the Remington Arms Company. He was born in Suffield, Connecticut. He died at age 67 in Ilion, New York.
1767 ~ Marie of Hesse-Kassel (d. Mar. 22, 1852), Queen consort of Denmark and Norway and wife of Frederick VI, King of Denmark. She was of the House of Hesse-Kassel. She was the daughter of Landgrave Charles of Hesse-Kessel and Princess Louise of Denmark. She died at age 84.
1718 ~ Ignacije Szentmartony (d. Apr. 15, 1793), Croatian mathematician, astronomer and Jesuit priest. He died at age 74.
1703 ~ Antoine Deparcieux (d. Sept. 2, 1768), French mathematician. He died at age 64.
1667 ~ Maria Anna of Neuburg (d. July 16, 1740), Queen consort of Spain and wife of Charles II, King of Spain. She was of the House of Wittelsbach. She was the daughter of Philip William, Elector Palatine and Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt. She died at age 72.
1466 ~ Desiderius Erasmus (né Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus; d. July 12, 1536), Dutch theologian and philosopher. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is generally believed to have been born on October 28. He was 69 years old.
1016 ~ Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. Oct. 5, 1056). He served as Emperor from December 1046 until his death. He died 23 days before his 40th birthday.
Events that Changed the World:
2020 ~ Hurricane Zeta, the 27th named storm of the year, made landfall in Louisiana. The eye of the storm went directly over New Orleans.
2018 ~ The Boston Red Sox beat the Los Angeles Dodgers to become the 2018 Baseball Champions. It was their 4thchampionship since 2004.
2007 ~ Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (b. 1953) became the first woman elected President of Argentina. She became President upon the death of her husband. Served as President until December 2015.
1965 ~ Construction of the St. Louis Arch in Missouri was completed. Construction on the Arch, which was designed by Eero Sarrinen (1910 ~ 1961), had begun on February 12, 1963.
1965 ~ Pope Paul VI (1897 ~ 1978) promulgated Nostra aetate, which the Church officially acknowledged the legitimacy of non-Christian faiths.
1965 ~ The Second Vatican Council promulgated the Nostra aetate, or the Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions, which absolved the Jews of the responsibility for the death of Jesus.
1962 ~ The Cuban Missile Crisis ended after Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev (1894 ~ 1971) ordered the removal of Soviet missiles from Cuba.
1958 ~ John XXIII (1881 ~ 1963) was elected Pope.
1948 ~ Paul Müller (1899 ~ 1965) was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT. DDT was later banned due to its carcinogenic effect.
1942 ~ The Alaska Highway, which ran though Canada to Fairbanks, Alaska, was completed.
1929 ~ The Wall Street Crash of 1929, which saw a major stock market upheaval. This date has been called Black Monday.
1919 ~ The United States Congress passed the Volstead Act over President Woodrow Wilson’s veto, thus paving the way for Prohibition to begin the following January.
1886 ~ President Grover Cleveland (1837 ~ 1908) dedicated the Statute of Liberty. It also marked the first ticker-tape parade. Office workers spontaneously threw ticker tape into the streets during the dedication.
1775 ~ During the American Revolutionary War, a British proclamation was issued that forbade residents from leaving the City of Boston.
1726 ~ Jonathan Swift’s novel, Gulliver’s Travels, was first published.
1636 ~ Harvard University (initially known as Harvard College) was founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It was the first college in what would become the United States.
1628 ~ The Siege of La Rochelle, which had been going on for 14 months, ended when the Huguenots surrendered.
1449 ~ Christian I (1426 ~ 1481) was crowned King of Denmark.
1420 ~ Beijing was officially designated as the capital of the Ming dynasty. The construction of the Forbidden City complex was also completed.
Good-Byes:
2020 ~ Billy Joe Shaver (b. Aug. 16, 1939), American songwriter from Texas who shaped outlaw country. He was born in Corsicana, Texas. He died at age 81 in Waco, Texas.
2020 ~ Cecilia Chiang (née Sun Yun; b. Sept. 19, 1920), Chinese-American restaurateur who brought authentic Chinese food to America. She is best known for opening a Mandarin restaurant in San Francisco in 1961. She was born in China. She died in San Francisco, Califorina at age 100.
2014 ~ Galway Kinnell (né Galway Mills Kinnell; b. Feb. 1, 1927), American poet. He was born in Providence, Rhode Island. He died at age 87 in Sheffield, Vermont.
2013 ~ Tadeusz Mazowiecki (b. Apr. 18, 1927), Polish author and editor who became Poland’s first post-communist leader. He was the 1st Prime Minister of Poland. He served from August 1989 until January 1991. He died at age 86.
2012 ~ Kevin Reilly (né Kevin Patrick Reilly, Sr., b. July 22, 1928), American politician who was born in Boston, Massachusetts, but served from Louisiana. He died of Parkinson’s disease in Baton Rouge, Louisiana at age 84.
2010 ~ Ehud Netzer (b. May 13, 1934), Israeli archaeologist. He is best known for his excavation of the Herodium, where he uncovered the tomb of Herod the Great. He died at age 76 of injuries sustained when he fell from a railing that gave way at the dig at the Herodium. He died at Hadassah Hospital in Ein Karem.
2006 ~ Red Auerbach (né Arnold Jacob Auerbach, b. Sept. 20, 1917), American basketball coach of the Boston Celtics. He died at age 89.
2005 ~ Richard Smalley (né Richard Errett Smalley; b. June 6, 1943), American chemist and recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died of leukemia at age 62.
1998 ~ Ted Hughes (né Edward James Hughes, b. Aug. 17, 1930), English poet and husband of Sylvia Plath. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1983 ~ Otto Messmer (né Otto James Messmer, d. Aug. 16, 1892), American cartoonist and co-creator of Felix the Cat. He was born and died in New Jersey. He died at age 91.
1968 ~ Harold Burton (né Harold Hitz Burton; b. June 22, 1894), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Harry S Truman. He replaced Owen Roberts on the Court. He was succeeded by Potter Stewart. He served on the Court from September 1945 until October 1958. He had previously served as the 45th Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio. He was born in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts. He died at age 76 in Washington, D.C.
1944 ~ Helen Magill White (née Helen Magill; b. Nov. 28, 1853), first American woman to earn a Ph.D. She earned her degree in Greek in 1877 from Boston University. She was born in Providence, Rhode Island. She died a month before her 91st birthday in Kittery Point, Maine.
1930 ~ Mary Harrison McKee (née Mary Scott Harrison; b. Apr. 3, 1858), American daughter of President Benjamin Harrison. She served as First Lady during her father’s presidency after her mother, Caroline died. She assumed the role of First Lady at age 34 and served from October 1892 until March 1893. She was born and died in Indianapolis, Indiana. She died at age 72.
1918 ~ Edward Bouchet (né Edward Alexander Bouchet; b. Sept. 15, 1852), African-American physicist. He was the first African-American to earn a Ph.D. at any American university. He earned his Ph.D. at Yale University. He was born and died in New Haven, Connecticut. He died at age 66.
1918 ~ Ulisse Dini (b. Nov. 14, 1845), Italian mathematician and politician. He is best known for his contribution to real analysis. He died 17 days before his 73rd birthday.
1893 ~ Carter Harrison, Sr. (né Carter Henry Harrison; b. Feb. 15, 1825), Mayor of Chicago. He served several terms as Mayor. He was assassinated during his 5th term. He was born in Fayette County, Kentucky. He was killed in Chicago, Illinois. He was 68 years old at the time of his death.
1818 ~ Abigail Adams (née Abigail Smith; b. Nov. 22, 1744), 2nd First Lady and wife of President John Adams. She died about a month before her 74th birthday.
1740 ~ Anna, Empress of Russia (b. Feb. 7, 1693). She was the Empress from January 1730 until her death in October 1740. She died at age 47.
1704 ~ John Locke (b. Aug. 29, 1632), English philosopher and physician. He died at age 72.
1412 ~ Margaret I of Denmark (b. March 15, 1353), Queen of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden. She was originally the Queen consort, but later became Queen in her own right. She was married to King Haakon VI of Norway. She died at age 59.
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