Birthdays:
1965 ~ Viola Davis, African-American actress. She was born in Saint Matthews, South Carolina.
1956 ~ Pierre-Louis Lions, French mathematician. He was the recipient of the 1994 Fields Medal.
1953 ~ Hulk Hogan (né Terry Eugene Bollea), American professional wrestler and television personality. He was born in Augusta, Georgia.
1950 ~ Steve Wozniak (né Stephen Gary Wozniak), American computer pioneer, who, along with Steve Jobs, co-founded Apple, Inc. He was born in San Jose, California.
1944 ~ Frederick W. Smith (né Frederick Wallace Smith), American businessman and founder of FedEx. He was born in Marks, Mississippi.
1943 ~ Abigail Folger (née Abigail Anne Folger; d. Aug. 9, 1969), American heiress to the Folger coffee fortune and murder victim of Charles Manson. She was born in San Francisco, California. She was killed just two days before her 26th birthday in Los Angeles, California.
1936 ~ Andre Dubus (né Andre Jules Dubus, II; d. Feb. 24, 1999), American writer who was born in Lake Charles, Louisiana. His son, Andre Dubus, III, is the author of the novel, House of Sand and Fog. Andre Dubus, II, died of a heart attack at age 62 in Haverhill, Massachusetts.
1933 ~ Jerry Falwell (né Jerry Lamon Falwell; d. May 15, 2007), Evangelical preacher and conservative activist. He was the cofounder of the Moral Majority. He was born and died in Lynchburg, Virginia. He died of sudden cardiac arrest at age 73.
1933 ~ Walter Yetnikoff (d. Aug. 9, 2021), American music kingpin who created and berated stars. He was president of CBS Records International in the 1970s. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died of bladder cancer 2 days before his 88th birthday in Bridgeport, Connecticut.
1926 ~ Sir Aaron Klug (d. Nov. 20, 2018), Lithuanian-English chemist and biophysicist. He was the recipient of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in the development of crystallography electron microscopy. He was born in Lithuania. He died at age 92 in Cambridge, England.
1926 ~ Claus von Bülow (né Claus Cecil Boberg; d. May 25, 2019), Danish-English socialite who was accused of attempted murder of his wife, Martha “Sunny” Crawford (1931 ~ 2008), by giving her an overdose of insulin in 1980. He was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. He died at age 92 in London, England.
1925 ~ Arlene Dahl (née Arlene Carol Dahl; d. Nov. 29, 2021), American actress. She was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. She died in New York, New York at age 96.
1921 ~ Alex Haley (né Alexander Murray Palmer Haley; d. Feb. 10, 1992), African-American historian and writer, best known for his book, Roots, which was later made into a television mini-series. He was born in Ithaca, New York. He died of a heart attack at age 70 in Seattle, Washington.
1920 ~ Mike Douglas (né Michael Delaney Dowd, Jr.; d. Aug. 11, 2006), American singer and talk show host. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died on his 86th birthday in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida.
1917 ~ Dik Browne (né Richard Arthur Allan Browne; d. June 4, 1989), American cartoonist. He created such cartoons as Hägar the Horrible and Hi and Lois. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died of cancer at age 71 in Sarasota, Florida.
1916 ~ Kaname Harada (d. May 3, 2016), Japanese fighter ace who became a pacifist. He was one of Japan’s top fighter pilots during World War II. He was born and died in Nagano, Japan. He died at age 99.
1897 ~ Louise Bogan (d. Feb. 4, 1970), American poet. In 1945, she became was the 4th Poet Laureate to the Library of Congress and was the first woman to hold this title. She was born in Livermore Falls, Maine. She died in New York, New York at age 72.
1858 ~ Christiaan Eijkman (d. Nov. 5, 1930), Dutch physician and pathologist. He was the recipient of the 1929 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in the study of vitamins. He was born in Nijkkerk, Netherlands. He died at age 72 in Utrecht, Netherlands.
1833 ~ Robert G. Ingersoll (né Robert Green Ingersoll; d. July 21, 1899), American Union Civil War Veteran and politician. He was known as the Great Agnostic and campaigned in defense of agnosticism. He was born in Dresden, New York. He died of congestive heart failure 21 days before his 66th birthday in Dobbs Verry, New York.
1667 ~ Anna Marie Luisa de’Medici (d. Feb. 18, 1743), the last of the Medicis. She was the Electress consort of Palatine. She was married to Johann Wilhelm, Elector of Palatine. She was of the House of Medici. She was the daughter of Cosimo III de’Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Marguerite Louise d’Orléans. She died at age 75.
1467 ~ Princess Mary of York (d. May 23, 1482). Member of the British royal family. She never married. She was of the House of York. She was the second daughter of Edward IV, King of England and Elizabeth of Woodville. She died at age 14.
1384 ~ Infanta Yolande of Aragon (d. Nov. 14, 1442), Duchess consort of Anjou and wife of Louis II, Duke of Anjou. She was of the House of Barcelona. She was the daughter of John I, King of Aragon and Yolande of Bar. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 58.
1081 ~ Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (d. May 23, 1125). He ruled from April 1111 until his death 14 years later. He was married to Matilda of England. He was of the Salian Dynasty. He was the son of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Bertha of Savoy. He was Roman Catholic. The exact year of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been born between 1081 and 1086. He is believed to have been between 39 and 44 at the time of his death.
Events that Changed the World:
2020 ~ Democratic nominee, Joe Biden (b. 1942) selected Kamala Harris (b. 1964) to be his Vice President running mate.
2012 ~ An earthquake struck near Tabriz, Iran, killing over 300 people and injuring 3,000 others.
1992 ~ The Mall of America opened in Bloomington, Minnesota. It is the largest shopping mall in the United States.
1982 ~ A bomb exploded on Pan Am Flight 830 as it traveled from Tokyo, Japan to Honolulu, Hawaii. Of the 285 passengers aboard, only 1 individual was killed, and 16 others were injured. The bomb was placed by a Jordanian linked to a terrorist organization.
1972 ~ The last United States ground combat units departed from Viet Nam.
1965 ~ The Watts race riots began in the Watts area of Los Angeles, California.
1960 ~ Chad declared its independence.
1952 ~ Hussein bin Talal (1935 ~ 1999) was proclaimed King of Jordan.
1945 ~ In Kraków, Poland, a pogrom began against the Jews living in the city.
1942 ~ Actress Hedy Lamarr (1914 ~ 2000) and composer George Antheil (1900 ~ 1959) received a patent for a Frequency-hopping spread spectrum communication system. This later became the basis for the technology used in wireless telephones and Wi-Fi.
1934 ~ The first civilian prisoners were sent to the Federal prison on Alcatraz Island.
1929 ~ Babe Ruth (1895 ~ 1948) became the first baseball player to hit 500 home runs in his career when he hit a home run at League Park in Cleveland, Ohio.
1804 ~ Frances I (1768 ~ 1835) became the First Emperor of Austria. He was the last Holy Roman Emperor, but when the Empire collapsed, he retained control over Austria.
1492 ~ Rodrigo de Borja (1431 ~ 1503) was elected Pope of the Catholic Church and became known as Pope Alexander VI.
Good-Byes:
2020 ~ Trini Lopez (né Trinidad López III, b. May 15, 1937), American singer and actor who mixed folk, Latin, and rockabilly. He was born in Dallas, Texas. He died of Covid-19 at age 83 in Palm Springs, California.
2020 ~ Sumner Redstone (né Sumner Murray Rothstein; b. May 27, 1923), American businessman and hard-driving media mogul who lived to win. He was the chairman of CBS and Viacom. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 97 in Los Angeles, California.
2018 ~ Sir V.S. Naipaul (né Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, b. Aug. 17, 1932), Indo-Trinidadian-British writer and recipient of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died 6 days before his 86th birthday in London, England.
2014 ~ Robin Williams (né Robin McLaurin Williams; b. July 21, 1951), American live-wire comedian who excelled at improvising. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died by suicide 21 days after his 63rd birthday in Paradise Cay, California. His suicide has been attributed to his struggle with Lewy body disease.
2013 ~ Jean Bethke Elshtain (née Jean Paulette Bethke; b. Jan. 6, 1941), American academic who argued for a “just war” in Iraq. She was born in Windsor, Colorado. She died of heart failure at age 72 in Nashville, Tennessee.
2009 ~ Eunice Kennedy Shriver (née Eunice Mary Kennedy; b. July 10, 1921), American founder of the Special Olympics, sister of President John F. Kennedy and mother of Maria Shriver. She was born in Brookline, Massachusetts. She died of a stroke a month after her 88th birthday in Hyannis, Massachusetts.
2006 ~ Mike Douglas (né Michael Delaney Dowd, Jr.; b. Aug. 11, 1920), American singer and talk show host. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died on his 86th birthday in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida.
2003 ~ Armand Borel (b. May 21, 1923), Swiss-born American mathematician. He died at age 80 in Princeton, New Jersey.
1995 ~ Alonzo Church (b. June 14, 1903), American mathematician. He was born in Washington, D.C. He died at age 92 in Hudson, Ohio.
1984 ~ Alfred A. Knopf, Sr. (né Alfred Abraham Knopf; b. Sept. 12, 1892), American publisher and founder of the Alfred A Knopf, Inc., publishing house. He was born in New York, New York. He died a month before his 92nd birthday in Purchase, New York.
1972 ~ Max Theiler (b. Jan. 30, 1899), South African virologist and recipient of the 1951 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in developing a vaccine against yellow fever. He was born in Pretoria, South Africa. He died at age 73 in New Haven, Connecticut.
1956 ~ Jackson Pollock (né Paul Jackson Pollock; b. Jan. 28, 1912), American artist. He was born in Cody, Wyoming. He was killed in a car accident at age 44 in Springs, New York.
1955 ~ Opha May Johnson (née Opha May Jacob; b. May 4, 1879), American who was the first woman to enlist in the United States Marines. She enlisted on August 13, 1918 during World War I. She was born in Kokomo, Indiana. She died at age 76 in Washington, D.C.
1937 ~ Edith Wharton (née Edith Newbold Jones; b. Jan. 24, 1862), American novelist. She is best known for her novel, The Age of Innocence, for which she won the 1921 Pulitzer. She was born in New York, New York. She died of a heart attack at age 75 in Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt.
1919 ~ Andrew Carnegie (b. Nov. 25, 1835), Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist. He was a steel manufacturer and used much of his fortune to establish many cultural, educational, and scientific institutions. He died at age 83 in Lenox, Massachusetts.
1892 ~ Enrico Betti (b. Oct. 21, 1813), Italian mathematician. He is best known for his work in topology. He died at age 68.
1578 ~ Pedro Nunes (b. Jan. 7, 1502), Portuguese mathematician. He is best known for his contributions to nautical mathematics. His family was Jewish, and he was a New Christian. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been born on January 7, 1502. He died at age 76 in Coimbra, Portugal.
1464 ~ Nicholas of Cusa (b. 1401), German philosopher and mathematician. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
1253 ~ St. Clare of Assisi (né Chiara Offreduccio; b. July 16, 1194). She founded the monastic religious order of the Poor Ladies. Following her death, the order became known as the Poor Clares. She died less than a month after her 59thbirthday.
1204 ~ Guttorm Sigurdsson, King of Norway (b. 1199). He reigned for only a few months from January until August 1204 during the Norwegian civil war era. He was of the House of Sverre. He was the illegitimate son of Sigurd Lavard and an unnamed mother. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 4 or 5 when he became ill and died.
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