Birthdays:
1972 ~ Angie Harmon (née Angela Michelle Harmon), American actress. She is best known for her role as ADA Abbie Carmichael on the television drama Law & Order. She was born in Highland Park, Texas.
1968 ~ Salvatore Licitra (d. Sept. 5, 2011), Italian operatic tenor hailed as the next Pavarotti. He died from head injuries when the motor scooter he was riding slammed into a wall in Sicily. He was born in Bern, Switzerland. He died three weeks after his 43rd birthday in Catania, Italy.
1963 ~ Andrew Sullivan (né Andrew Michael Sullivan), British-born American journalist and author.
1960 ~ Antonio Banderas (né José Antonio Dominguez Bandera), Spanish actor and former husband of Melanie Griffin. He was born in Málaga, Spain.
1959 ~ Rosanna Arquette (née Rosanna Lisa Arquette), American actress. She was born in New York, New York.
1943 ~ Ronnie Spector (née Veronica Yvette Bennnett; d. Jan. 12, 2022), African-American pop star who escaped her abusive Svengali. She was the lead singer of the Ronnettes and was sometimes referred to as the original bad girl of rock and roll. Her first husband was Phil Spector. He was abusive, both mentally and physically to her. In 1972, she fled their house with nothing but the clothing on her back. She was born in East Harlem, New York. She died of cancer at age 78 in Danbury, Connecticut.
1942 ~ Betsey Johnson, American fashion designer. She was born in Wethersfield, Connecticut.
1928 ~ Jimmy Dean (né Jimmy Ray Dean; d. June 13, 2010), American businessman and founder of Jimmy Dean Foods. He was born in Plainview, Texas. He died at age 81 in Varina, Virginia.
1928 ~ Eddie Fisher (né Edwin John Fisher; d. Sept. 22, 2010), American singer and one of the many husbands of Elizabeth Taylor. He left his first wife, Debbie Reynolds, for Taylor. He was the father of actress Carrie Fisher. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 82 from complications of hip surgery in Berkely, California.
1927 ~ Jimmy Martin (né James Henry Martin; d. May 14, 2005), American singer known as the King of Bluegrass. He was born in Sneedville, Tennessee. He died at age 77 in Nashville, Tennessee.
1926 ~ Carol Karp (née Carol Ruth Vander Velde; d. Aug. 20, 1972), American mathematician. She is best known for her work on infinitary logic. She was born in Michigan. She died of breast cancer just 10 days after her 46th birthday.
1923 ~ Frieda Caplan (née Frieda Rapoport; d. Jan. 18, 2020), American “Kiwi Queen” who gave Americans a taste of the exotic. She was the founder of Frieda’s Speciality Produce and brought exotic fruit to American stores. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She died at age 96 in Los Alamitos, California.
1913 ~ Wolfgang Pauli (né Wolfgang Ernst Pauli; d. Dec. 7, 1993), German physicist and recipient of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 80.
1909 ~ Leo Fender (né Clarence Leonidas Fender; d. Mar. 21, 1991), American businessman and founder of Fender Musical Instruments Corporation. He was born in Anaheim, California. He died at age 81 in Fullerton, California.
1909 ~ Richard J. Hughes (né Richard Joseph Hughes; d. Dec. 7, 1992), 45th Governor of New Jersey. He served as Governor from January 1962 until January 1970. He was born in Florence Township, New Jersey. He died at age 83 in Boca Raton, Florida.
1905 ~ Era Bell Thompson (d. Dec. 30, 1986), African-American author and journalist. As a child, her family moved to North Dakota. She was a graduate of the University of North Dakota and a multicultural center at the university is named in her honor. For several years, she was the editor of Ebony magazine. She was born in Des Moines, Iowa. She died at age 81 in Chicago, Illinois.
1902 ~ Arne Tiselius (né Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius; d. Oct. 29, 1971), Swedish chemist and recipient of the 1948 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He died of a heart attack at age 69 in Uppsala, Sweden.
1902 ~ Norma Shearer (née Edith Norma Shearer; d. June 12, 1983), Canadian-American actress. She was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. She died of bronchial pneumonia at age 80 in Los Angeles, California.
1897 ~ Jack Haley (né John Joseph Haley; d. June 6, 1979), American actor best known for his portrayal of the Tin Man in The Wizard of Oz. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died of a heart attack at age 81 in Los Angeles, California.
1887 ~ Sam Warner (né Schmuel Wonsal; d. Oct. 5, 1927), Polish-born American film producer and co-founder, along with his brothers Harry (1881 ~ 1958), Albert (1884 ~ 1967) and Jack Warner (1892 ~ 1978), of Warner Brothers. Sam was born in Krasnosieic, Poland. He died in Los Angeles, California at age 40 of a massive infection stemming from several abscessed teeth.
1880 ~ Robert L. Thornton, Sr. (né Robert Lee Thornton; d. Feb. 15, 1964), Mayor of Dallas, Texas. He served as Mayor from 1953 to 1961. He was born in Hamilton County, Texas. He died at age 83.
1874 ~ Herbert Hoover (né Herbert Clark Hoover; d. Oct. 20, 1964), 31st President of the United States. He was President from March 1929 until March 1933. Prior to being elected President, he served as the 3rd United States Secretary of Commerce under Presidents Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge. He served in that Office from March 1921 until August 1928. He was born in West Branch, Iowa. He died at age 90 in New York, New York.
1856 ~ William Willett (d. Mar. 4, 1915), English builder and advocate for the establishment of Daylight Saving Time. He died of influenza at age 58 before Daylight Savings Time was established.
1843 ~ Joseph McKenna (d. Nov. 21, 1926), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the Court by President William McKinley. He served on the Court from March 1897 until January 1898. He replaced Stephen Field on the Court. He was replaced by Harlan Stone. He had previously served as the 42nd United States Attorney General from March 1892 until March 1897 during the McKinley administration. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 83 in Washington, D.C.
1814 ~ Henri Nestlé (né Heinrich Nestle; d. July 7, 1890), German-born Swiss confectioner and businessman. He was the founder of the Nestlé’s corporation. He died about a month before his 76th birthday.
1810 ~ Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour (d. June 6, 1861), 1st Prime Minister of Italy. He was born and died in Turin, Kingdom of Italy. He died of malaria at age 50.
1782 ~ Vicente Guerrero (d. Feb. 14, 1831), President of Mexico. He served as President from April 1829 until December 1829. His government was ousted, and he was ultimately executed at age 48.
1753 ~ Edmund Randolph (né Edmund Jennings Randolph; d. Sept. 12, 1813), 1st United States Attorney General. He served under President George Washington from September 1780 until January 1794. He subsequently went on to serve as the 2nd United States Secretary of State in the Washington Administration from January 1794 until August 1795. He had previously served as the Governor of Virginia from December 1786 until December 1788. He was born in Williamsburg, Virginia. He died just over a month after his 60th birthday in Millwood, Virginia.
1602 ~ Gilles de Roberval (d. Oct. 27, 1675), French mathematician. He died at age 73 in Paris, France.
1520 ~ Madeleine of Valois (d. July 7, 1537), Queen consort of Scotland and first wife of James V, King of Scotland. They married in January 1537. She was of the House of Valois-Angoulême. She was the daughter of Francis I, King of France and Claude, Duchess of Brittany. She was known as the Summer Queen because she died only 2 months after arriving in Scotland. She was of frail health and died a month before her 18th birthday, just months after her marriage.
1397 ~ Albert II, King of Bohemia (d. Oct. 27, 1439). He ruled Bohemia from May 1438 until his death the following year. He was known as Albert the Magnanimous. He was known for expelling the Jews from his realm. He was married to Elizabeth of Luxembourg. He was of the House of Albert IV, Duke of Austria and Joanna Sophia of Bavaria. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 42.
1296 ~ John, King of Bohemia (d. Aug. 26, 1346). He ruled Bohemia from 1310 until his death 36 years later. He was known as John of Luxembourg and John the Blind. He was married twice. His first wife was Elizabeth of Bohemia. They married in 1310. After her death, he married Beatrice of Bourbon. They married in 1334. He was of the House of Luxembourg. He was the son of Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor and Margaret of Brabant. He died 16 days before his 51st birthday while fighting in the Battle of Crécy, even though he had been blind for the past 10 years.
Events that Changed the World:
2020 ~ A powerful drecho in the American Midwest caused severe damage to soybean and corn crops. It was one of the most costly thunderstorm disasters in Iowa.
2003 ~ A heat wave in Europe brought the highest temperatures ever recorded in the United Kingdom. The temperature reached 101.3F in Kent, England.
1999 ~ A white supremacist entered the North Valley Jewish Community Center in Los Angeles and fired 70 shots into the complex with a semi-automatic weapon. Five people were injured, including 3 children and 1 person was killed. The shooter was apprehended and, after a trial, was sentenced to 2 consecutive life sentences without the possibility of parole.
1993 ~ A 7.0 magnitude earthquake hit the South Island of New Zealand.
1977 ~ David Berokwitz (b. 1953) was arrested in New York for the murders he had been committing over the course of a year under the name Son of Sam.
1961 ~ The United States Army began using Agent Orange in the Vietnam War.
1949 ~ President Harry Truman (1884 ~ 1972) signed the National Security Act Amendment which replaced the Department of War with the United States Department of Defense, which included the Army, Navy and Air Force.
1948 ~ Candid Camera made its television debut. Allen Funt (1914 ~ 1999) hosted the show, which ran until the 1970s.
1913 ~ Delegates from Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro and Greece signed the Treaty of Bucharest, thereby ending the Second Balkan War.
1905 ~ The peace negotiations ending the Russo-Japanese War began in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
1897 ~ Felix Hoffmann (1868 ~ 1946), a German chemist, discovered a way to synthesize acetylsalicylic acid, more commonly known as aspirin.
1856 ~ The Last Island hurricane hit Louisiana. Over 200 people were killed and every structure in Abbeville was destroyed.
1846 ~ Congress chartered the Smithsonian Institution after James Smithson (1765 ~ 1829) bequeathed $500,000 to the United States for the creation of “an establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.”
1821 ~ Missouri was admitted as the 24th State of the Union.
1793 ~ The Musée du Louvre was officially opened in Paris, France.
1792 ~ During the French Revolution, a mob stormed the Tuileries Palace and arrested Louis XVI, King of France (1754 ~ 1793).
1776 ~ Word of the United States Declaration of Independence reached London, England.
1755 ~ Under orders of Charles Lawrence (1709 ~ 1760), the British Army began to forcibly deport the Acadians from Nova Scotia. Many resettled in what is now Louisiana and are known as Cajuns.
1675 ~ Construction of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London, England began.
1628 ~ The Swedish warship, the Vasa, sank in the Stockholm harbor 20 minutes into her maiden voyage.
1519 ~ Ferdinand Magellan (1480 ~ 1521) and his five ships set sail from Seville, Spain to circumnavigate the world. Magellan was killed in the Philippines so was unable to complete his travels, however, his second in command, Juan Sebastián Elcano (1476 ~ 1526), completed the expedition.
955 ~ In the Battle of Lechfeld, the army of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (912 ~ 973) defeated the Magyars, thus ending 50 years of the Magyar invasion of western Europe.
654 ~ Pope Eugene I (d. 657) was elected to succeed Pope Martin I (598 ~ 655) to lead the Catholic Church.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Tony Esposito (né Anthony James Esposito; b. Apr. 23, 1943), Canadian professional ice hockey player and Black Hawks goalie who pioneered “butterfly” saves on ice. He was the younger brother of hockey player Phil Esposito. He was born in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada. He died at age 78 of pancreatic cancer in Chicago, Illinois.
2021 ~ Peter Whittle (b. Feb. 27, 1927), New Zealander mathematician. He was born in Wellington, New Zealand. He died in Cambridge, England at age 94.
2019 ~ Jeffrey Epstein (né Jeffrey Edward Epstein; b. Jan. 20, 1953), American businessman and convicted sex offender. In July 2019, he was charged with sex trafficking. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died in jail, ostensibly of a suicide. He was 66 at the time of his death.
2014 ~ Dame Kathleen Ollerenshaw (née Kathleen Mary Timpson; b. Oct. 1, 1912), British mathematician, astronomer and Lord Mayor of Manchester, England. She died at age 101.
2013 ~ Amy Wallace (né Amy Deborah Wallace; b. July 3, 1955), American author. She was the daughter of writer Irving Wallace. She was born and died in Los Angeles, California. She died of a heart condition at age 58.
2013 ~ William P. Clark, Jr. (né William Patrick Clark, Jr.; b. Oct. 23, 1931), 44th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served in that Office from November 1983 until February 1985. Prior to being appointed as Secretary of the Interior, he served as the 12th United States National Security Advisor. He served in that Office from January 1982 until October 1983. He served both offices during the Ronald Reagan Administration. He was born in Oxnard, California. He died of complications of Parkinson’s disease at age 81 in Shandon, California.
2013 ~ Eydie Gormé (née Edith Gormezano; b. Aug. 16, 1928), American singer who often performed with her husband, Steve Lawrence. She was born in the Bronx, New York. She died 6 days before her 85th birthday in Las Vegas, Nevada.
2008 ~ Isaac Hayes (né Isaac Lee Hayes, Jr.; b. Aug. 20, 1942), American ultra-cool musician whose sound was pure soul. He was born in Covington, Tennessee. He died of a stroke 10 days before his 66th birthday in Memphis, Tennessee.
1963 ~ Estes Kefauver (né Carey Estes Kefauver; b. July 26, 1903), American politician. He served as a United States Senator from Tennessee from January 1949 until his death in August 1963. He was born in Madisonville, Tennessee. He died of a heart attack in Bethesda, Maryland 15 days after his 60th birthday.
1960 ~ Oswald Veblen (b. June 24, 1880), American mathematician. He was born in Decorah, Iowa. He died in Brooklin, Maine at age 80.
1945 ~ Robert H. Goddard (né Robert Hutchings Goddard; b. Oct. 5, 1882), American rocket scientist. He was born in Worcester, Massachusetts. He died of throat cancer at age 62 in Baltimore, Maryland.
1932 ~ Rin Tin Tin (b. Sept. 10, 1918), German Shepherd dog adopted from a World War I battlefield. The dog ultimately starred in movies about a dog named Rin Tin Tin. The dog died almost 14 years after it was born, in August 1932.
1929 ~ Aletta Jacobs (née Aletta Henriëtte Jacobs; b. Feb. 9, 1854), Dutch physician, social activist, and women’s suffrage activist. She was born in Sappermeer, Netherlands. She died at age 75 in Baarn, Netherlands.
1916 ~ John J. Loud (né John Jacob Loud; b. Nov. 2, 1844), American inventor and attorney. He is credited with developing the first ballpoint pen. He was born and died in Weymouth, Massachusetts. He died at age 71.
1881 ~ Orville Browning (né Orville Hickman Browning; b. Feb. 10, 1806), 9th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Andrew Johnson from September 1866 until March 1869. He also served as a United States Senator from Illinois. He was born in Cynthiana, Kentucky. He died at age 75 in Quincy, Illinois.
1759 ~ Ferdinand VI, King of Spain (b. Sept. 23, 1713). He ruled Spain from July 1746 until his death in 1759. He was known as Ferdinand the Just. He was married to Infanta Barbara of Portugal. He was of the House of Bourbon. He was the son of Philip V, King of Spain and Maria Luisa of Savoy. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 45.
1536 ~ Francis III, Duke of Brittany (b. Feb. 28, 1518), French prince. He never married and had no known children. He was of the House of Valois-Angoulême. He was the eldest son of Francis I, King of France and Claude, Duchess of Brittany. He died at age 18 under suspicious circumstances. He may either have been poisoned or he died of tuberculosis.
1535 ~ Ippolito de’Medici (b. 1509), Lord of Florence, Italy and Italian cardinal. He was of the noble Medici family. He was the illegitimate son of Giuliano de’Medici and his mistress Pacifica Brandano. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have died of malaria at age 24.
1250 ~ Eric IV, King of Denmark (b. 1216). He co-ruled Denmark with his father from 1232 until 1241. After his father’s death, he ruled solo until his death in 1250. He was married to Jutta of Saxony. He was of the House of Estridsen. He was the son of Valdemar II, King of Denmark (also known as Valdemar the Victorious) and Berengaria of Portugal. He was Roman Catholic. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 33 or 34 at the time of his death. He was murdered, probably at the behest of his half-brother Abel, who succeeded him on the throne.
794 ~ Fastrada (b. 765), Queen consort of the Franks and third wife of Charlemagne. She was the daughter of East Frankish Count Rudolph and Aeda. The exact date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been about age 28 or 29 at the time of her death.
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