Birthdays:
1969 ~ Raphaël Rouquier, French mathematician.
1967 ~ Joshua Bell (né Joshua David Bell), American violinist and conductor.
1966 ~ Kirsten Gillibrand (née Kirsten Elizabeth Rutnik), American Democratic United State Senator from New York State. She took office in January 2009. In 2019, she was briefly a candidate for the Democratic nomination for President.
1963 ~ Masako (née Masako Owada), Empress consort of Japan. She became a royal by her marriage to Crown Prince Naruhito. In May 2019, her husband ascended to the Japanese throne and became the Emperor.
1962 ~ Felicity Huffman (née Felicity Kendall Huffman), American actress and wife of William H. Macy. She was convicted of mail fraud in a nationwide college entrance exam cheating scandal as she tried to get her daughter in college. She spent 2 weeks in prison in October 2019.
1953 ~ John Malkovich (né John Garin Malkovich), American actor.
1950 ~ Joan Armatrading (née Joan Anita Barbara Armatrading), St. Kitt-born English musician.
1945 ~ Michael Nouri, American actor. He is best known for his role as Nick Hurley in the 1983 movie Flashdance.
1943 ~ Joanna Trollope, British author.
1942 ~ Joe McGinniss, Sr. (né Joseph Ralph McGinniss; d. Mar. 10, 2014), American author and journalist. He is best known for writing true crime books, such as Fatal Attraction. He died of prostate cancer at age 71 in Worcester, Massachusetts.
1941 ~ Beau Bridges (né Lloyd Vernet Bridges, III), American actor.
1937 ~ Bertrice Small (d. Feb. 24, 2015), American novelist who sexed up romantic fiction. She died at age 77.
1934 ~ Dame Judi Dench (née Judith Olivia Dench), English actress.
1933 ~ Milt Campbell (né Milton Gray Campbell, b. Nov. 2, 2012), African-American superb athlete who won the 1952 Olympic decathlon. He died about a month before his 79th birthday.
1932 ~ Donald Byrd (né Donaldson Toussaint L’Ouverture Byrd, d. Feb. 4, 2013), African-American jazz trumpeter who moved from hard bop to funk. He died at age 80.
1930 ~ Buck Henry (né Henry Zuckerman), American comedic actor.
1929 ~ John Cassavetes (né John Nicholas Cassavetes; d. Feb. 3, 1989), American actor and film director. He died of liver disease at age 59.
1928 ~ Dick Van Patten (né Richard Vincent Van Patten; d. June 23, 2015), American actor. He is best known for his role as the father on the television drama Eight is Enough. He died of complications of diabetes at age 86.
1927 ~ Pierre Henry (né Pierre Georges Henry; d. July 5, 2017), French composer who pioneered electronic music. He died at age 89.
1926 ~ Henry Way Kendall (d. Feb. 15, 1999), American physicist and recipient of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 72 in a diving accident in a cave in Florida.
1923 ~ Kate Swift (d. May 7, 2011), American feminist author who skewered sexist language. She died at age 87.
1922 ~ Redd Foxx (né John Elroy Sanford; d. Oct. 11, 1991), African-American actor and comedian. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1919 ~ Roy DeCarava (d. Oct. 27, 2009), African-American photographer who chronicled black lives. He died at age 89.
1919 ~ William Lipscomb (né William Nunn Lipscomb, Jr.; d. Apr. 14, 2011), American chemist and recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 91.
1918 ~ Louie Welch (d. Jan. 27, 2008), Mayor of Houston, Texas from 1964 until 1973. He died at age 89.
1917 ~ James Rainwater (né Leo James Rainwater; d. May 31, 1986), American physicist and recipient of the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1916 ~ I.J. Good (né Isadore Jacob Gudak; d. Apr. 5, 2009), British mathetician and cryptologist. He worked with Alan Turing. He died at age 92.
1916 ~ Kirk Douglas (né Issur Danielovitch), American actor.
1912 ~ Tip O’Neill (né Thomas Phillip O’Neill; d. Jan. 5, 1994), American politician from Massachusetts and Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He served as Speaker for 10 years, from January 1977 until January 1987. He was from Massachusetts. He died 27 days after his 81st birthday.
1911 ~ Broderick Crawford (né William Broderick Crawford; d. Apr. 26, 1986), American actor. He died at age 74.
1909 ~ Douglas Fairbanks (né Douglas Elton Fairbanks, Jr.; d. May 7, 2000), American actor. He died at age 90.
1906 ~ Grace Hopper (née Grace Brewster Murray; d. Jan. 1, 1992), Rear Admiral in the United States Navy and computer scientist pioneer. She was the computer scientist who designed COBOL. In November 2016, she was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. She died 23 days after her 85th birthday.
1905 ~ Dalton Trumbo (né James Dalton Trumbo; d. Sept. 10, 1976), American screenwriter and novelist. His life story was in the 2015 film, Trumbo, which starred Bryan Cranston. He died of a heart attack at age 70.
1902 ~ Margaret Hamilton (née Margaret Brainard Hamilton; d. May 16, 1985), American actress best known for her portrayal of the Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz. She died in Salisbury, Connecticut of a heart attack at age 82.
1898 ~ Emmett Kelly (né Emmett Leo Kelly; d. Mar. 28, 1979), American clown and actor. He died of myocardial infarction at age 80.
1886 ~ Clarence Birdseye (né Clarence Frank Birdseye, II; d. Oct. 7, 1956), American businessman who perfected the modern technique of freezing foods. He later founded the Birds Eye Company. He died of a heart attack at age 69.
1883 ~ Nikolai Luzin (d. Jan. 28, 1950), Russian mathematician. He died at age 66.
1883 ~ Joseph Pilates (né Joseph Hubertus Pilates; d. Oct. 9, 1967), American fitness trainer. He developed and promoted the Pilates method of physical fitness. He died at age 83.
1870 ~ Dr. Ida Scudder (née Ida Sophia Scudder, d. May 23, 1960), American missionary and physician in India. She died at age 89.
1868 ~ Fritz Haber (d. Jan. 29, 1934), German chemist and recipient of the 1918 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is considered the Father of Chemical Warfare. He died at age 65.
1864 ~ Breaker Morant (né Edwin Henry Morant; d. Feb. 27, 1902), Anglo-Australian soldier who allegedly participated in the summary execution of several Boer prisoners during the Second Boer War, as well as a witness to the executions. His actions lead to a court-martial and he was executed for murder. He was 37 years old.
1848 ~ Joel Chandler Harris (d. July 3, 1908), American writer. He is best known for his collection of Uncle Remusstories. He died at age 59.
1779 ~ Tabitha Babbitt (né Sarah Babbitt; d. Dec. 10, 1853), American tool maker and inventor. She was credited with inventing the circular saw. She was a member of the Harvard Shaker Community. Because she was a Shaker, she never patented any of her inventions. She was born in Massachusetts. She died in Harvard, Massachusetts 1 day after her 74th birthday.
1667 ~ William Whiston (d. Aug. 22, 1752), English mathematician and theologian. He died at age 84.
1608 ~ John Milton (d. Nov. 8, 1674), English poet. He is best known for his work Paradise Lost. He died a month before his 66th birthday.
1594 ~ King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (d. Nov. 6, 1632). He was King of Sweden from October 1611 until his death 21 years later. He was married to Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg (1599 ~ 1655). He was killed in the Battle of Lützen about a month before his 38th birthday.
1571 ~ Metius (né Adriaan Adriaanszoon; d. Sept. 6, 1635), Dutch mathematician and astronomer. He died at age 63.
1508 ~ Gemma Frisius (né Jemme Reinerszoon; d. May 25, 1555), Dutch physician, cartographer and mathematician. He died at age 47.
1447 ~ Chenghua (b. Sept. 9, 1487), 9th Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. He reigned from February 1464 until his death 23 years later. He died at age 39.
Events that Changed the World:
2017 ~ Australia passed a law to recognized same-sex marriages.
2008 ~ Rod Blagojevich (b. 1956), the Governor of Illinois, was arrested for a number of crimes, including the attempt to sell the United States Senate seat that was vacated by President-Elect Barack Obama. He was later found guilty and sentenced to prison. His arrest came 1 day before his 52nd birthday.
2000 ~ The Supreme Court of the United States stayed the sixth Florida presidential recount in the race between George W. Bush and Al Gore. The ruling by the Supreme Court would be issued on December 12, 2000 declaring George Bush to be the elected President of the United States.
1979 ~ The smallpox virus was officially certified as eradicated.
1965 ~ A Charlie Brown Christmas was first broadcast. It was the first Peanuts special to be aired on television.
1962 ~ Arizona’s Petrified Forest National Park was established.
1961 ~ Nazi Adolf Eichmann (1906 ~ 1962) was found guilty on 15 criminal charges, including crimes against humanity, crimes against the Jewish people and of being a member of an outlawed organization.
1958 ~ The John Birch Society was founded in the United States.
1953 ~ General Electric announced that all communist employees would be relieved from their employment during the Red Scare.
1950 ~ Harry Gold (1910 ~ 1972) was sentenced to 30 years in jail for helping Klaus Fuchs (1911 ~ 1988) pass information about the Manhattan Project to the Soviet Union. Testimony in his trial was instrumental in the prosecution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg (1918 ~ 1953 and 1915 ~ 1953, respectively).
1946 ~ The Doctors’ Trials portion of the Nuremberg Trials began in which doctors who were alleged to have been involved in experimentation with humans and mass murder under the guise of euthanasia, were prosecuted.
1935 ~ The Downtown Athletic Club Trophy in football was first awarded. This was later renamed the Heisman Trophy. The recipient of the award was John Jacob “Jay” Berwanger (1914 ~ 2002), a student at the University of Chicago.
1911 ~ A mine explosion near Briceville, Tennessee killed 84 miners.
1905 ~ France passed a law separating church and state.
1872 ~ P.B.S. Pinchback (né Pinckney Benton Stewart, 1837 ~ 1921), became the first African-American governor of a State in the United States, when he became governor of Louisiana. He served for only 35 days, until January 13, 1873.
1793 ~ Noah Webster (1758 ~ 1843) began publishing the American Minerva, New York City’s first daily newspaper.
1775 ~ The Continental Army defeated the British in Battle of Great Bridge, Virginia, during the American Revolutionary War.
1531 ~ The Virgin of Guadalupe first appeared to Juan Diego (1474 ~ 1548) in Mexico City. Juan Deigo was the first Roman Catholic indigenous saint from the Americas. He is said to have seen the Virgin Mary on four separate occasions in 1531.
730 ~ In the Battle of Marj Ardabil, the Khazars conquered the Umayyad army and killed al-Djarrah ibn Abdullah al-Hakami, its commander.
Good-Byes:
2018 ~ Riccardo Giacconi (b. Oct. 6, 1931), Italian physicist and recipient of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Physics. His work formed the foundation for X-ray astronomy. He died at age 87.
2012 ~ Norman Joseph Woodland (b. Sept. 6, 1921), American inventor and co-creator of the bar code, known as the Universal Product Code. He died at age 91.
2010 ~ Dov Shilansky (b. Mar. 21, 1924), Israeli politician. He died at age 86.
2003 ~ Paul Simon (né Paul Martin Simon; b. Nov. 29, 1928), American politician and United States Senator from Illinois. He died 10 days after his 75th birthday.
1996 ~ Mary Leakey (née Mary Douglas Nicol; b. Feb. 6, 1913), English archeologist and anthropologist. She was the wife of archeologist Louis Leakey. She died at age 83.
1996 ~ Alain Poher (b. Apr. 17, 1909), President of France. He died at age 87.
1995 ~ Douglas Corrigan (b. Jan. 22, 1907), American pilot and engineer. He earned the nickname Wrong Way Corrigan following a flight he was to pilot from New York to California, but instead he ended up in Ireland. He died at age 88.
1995 ~ Evan Esar (b. July 2, 1899), American humorist. He died at age 96.
1991 ~ Berenice Abbott (née Bernice Alice Abbott; b. July 17, 1898), American photographer. She died at age 93 in Monson, Maine.
1982 ~ Leon Jaworski (né Leonidas Jaworski; b. Sept. 19, 1905), American attorney and Special Prosecutor during the Watergate Scandal. He died at age 77.
1979 ~ Fulton J. Sheen (né John Peter Sheen; b. May 8, 1895), American bishop in the Catholic Church and televangelist. He died at age 84.
1972 ~ Louella Parsons (née Louella Rose Oettinger; b. Aug. 6, 1881), American screenwriter and gossip columnist. She died at age 91.
1971 ~ Ralph Bunche (né Ralph Johnson Bunche; b. Aug. 7, 1904), African-American statesman, civil rights activist and recipient of the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize. He was the first African-American to be awarded the Peace Prize. It was for his role in the mediation in Israel during the late 1040s. He died of complication of diabetes at age 68.
1965 ~ Branch Rickey (né Wesley Branch Rickey; b. Dec. 20, 1884), American baseball executive. He died 11 days before his 84th birthday.
1964 ~ Dame Edith Sitwell (née Edith Louisa Sitwell; b. Sept. 7, 1887), British poet and critic. She died at age 77.
1948 ~ Robert Quillen (né Verni Robert Quillen; b. Mar. 25, 1887), American journalist and humorist. He died at age 61.
1937 ~ Gustaf Dalén (né Nils Gustaf Dalén; b. Nov. 30, 1869), Swedish physicist and recipient of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died 9 days after his 68th birthday.
1935 ~ Walter Liggett (né Walter William Liggett; b. Feb. 14, 1886), American newspaper editor and muckraker. He was murdered in a gangland shooting. He was 49 years old.
1924 ~ Mahlon R. Pitney (b. Feb. 5, 1858), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President William Taft. He served on the Court from March 1912 through December 1922. He wrote the majority opinion in Frank v. Magnum, which upheld the wrongful murder conviction of Leo Frank. He replaced John Harlan on the Court. He was succeeded by Edward Sanford. He was born in Morristown, New Jersey. He died at age 66, two years after his retirement from the Court.
1874 ~ Ezra Cornell (b. Jan. 11, 1807), American businessman and founder of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. He died about a month before his 68th birthday.
1814 ~ Joseph Bramah (b. Apr. 13, 1748), English inventor who invented the Hydraulic press. He died of pneumonia at age 66.
1669 ~ Pope Clement IX (né Giulio Rospigliosi, b. Jan. 28, 1600). He was Pope from June 1667 until his death on this date 2 years later. He died at age 69.
1641 ~ Sir Anthony van Dyck (né Antoon van Dyck
b. Mar. 22, 1599), Flemish painter. He died in London at age 42 following a long illness
1565 ~ Pope Pius IV (né Giovanni Angelo Medici; b. Mar. 31, 1499). He was Pope from 1559 until his death 6 years later. He is best known for presiding over the final session of the Council of Trent. He was 66 years old at the time of his death.
1437 ~ Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (b. Feb. 15, 1368). He ruled as Holy Roman Emperor from 1433 until his death in 1437. He died at age 69.
1165 ~ King Malcolm IV of Scotland (b. Apr. 23, 1141). He reigned as King of Scots from May 1153 until his death in December 1165. He died at age 24.
1048 ~ Al-Biruni (b. Sept. 4, 973), Persian mathematician. The exact dates of his birth and death are not known, but these are the traditional dates of his lifespan. He died at age 75.
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