Birthdays:
1973 ~ Seth Meyers (né Seth Adam Meyers), American comedian and late-night talk show host. He was born in Evanston, Illinois.
1955 ~ Liu Xiaobo (d. July 13, 2017), Chinese activist and recipient of the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize. He was the first Chinese citizen to be awarded a Nobel Prize while still living in China. In 2009, he was imprisoned as a political prisoner. After being diagnosed with liver cancer, he was released from prison in June 2017, and died shortly thereafter. He was 61 years old.
1954 ~ Denzel Washington (né Denzel Hayes Washington, Jr.), African-American actor. He was born in Mount Vernon, New York.
1950 ~ Clifford Cocks (né Clifford Christopher Cocks), British mathematician and cryptographer. He was born in Prestbury, England.
1946 ~ Edgar Winter (né Edgar Holland Winter), American musician. He and his older brother, Johnny (1944 ~ 2014), were both born with albinism. He was born in Beaumont, Texas.
1944 ~ Sandra Faber (née Sandra Moore), American astronomer and astrophysicist. She is known for her research on the evolution of galaxies. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
1944 ~ Kary Mullis (né Kary Banks Mullis), American biochemist and recipient of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Lenoir, North Carolina.
1942 ~ Zev Siegl, American businessman and co-founder of Starbucks. He was born in Alameda, California.
1934 ~ Dame Maggie Smith (née Margaret Natalie Smith), English actress. She was born in Ilford, England.
1922 ~ Stan Lee (né Stanley Martin Lieber; d. Nov. 12, 2018), American comic book titan who made superheroes human. He was the president and chairman of Marvel Comics. He died at age 95.
1913 ~ Lou Jacobi (né Louis Harold Jacobovitch, d. Oct. 23, 2009), Canadian-born actor who wore his heart on his face. He died at age 95.
1911 ~ Sam Levenson (né Samuel Levenson; d. Aug. 27, 1980), American humorist, teacher and television host. He hosted the television game show Two for the Money in the 1960s. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1907 ~ Ze’ev Ben-Haim (né Ze’ev Wolf Goldman; d. Aug. 6 2013), Russian-born Israeli linguist. He was a strong advocate for modernizing the Hebrew language. He died at age 105.
1903 ~ John von Neumann (d. Feb. 8, 1957), Hungarian-born American mathematician. He died of cancer at age 53.
1903 ~ Earl Hines (né Earl Kenneth Hines; d. Apr. 22, 1983), African-American jazz musician, pianist and bandleader. He was very influential in the development of modern jazz. He was born in Duquesne, Pennsylvania. He died at age 79 in Oakland, California.
1902 ~ Mortimer J. Adler (né Mortimer Jerome Adler; d. June 28, 2001), American philosopher and author. He died at age 98.
1882 ~ Sir Arthur Eddington (né Arthur Stanley Eddington; d. Nov. 22, 1944), British physicist and mathematician. He died of cancer at age 61.
1856 ~ Woodrow Wilson (né Thomas Woodrow Wilson; d. Feb. 3, 1924), 28th President of the United States and recipient of the 1919 Nobel Peace Prize. He was President from March 1913 until March 1921. He died at age 67.
1798 ~ Thomas Henderson (d. Nov. 23, 1844), Scottish mathematician and astronomer. He died about a month before his 46th birthday.
1789 ~ Catharine Marie Sedgwick (d. July 31, 1867), American novelist of domestic fiction. She was born in Stockridge, Massachusetts and died in Boston, Massachusetts at age 77.
1789 ~ Thomas Ewing, Sr. (d. Oct. 26, 1871), 1st United States Secretary of the Interior. He served from March 1849 until July 1850 during the administration of Presidents Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore. He had previously served as the 14th United States Secretary of the Treasury from March 1841 until September 1841 during the William Henry Harrison and John Tyler administrations. From July 1850 until March 1851, he served as a United States Senator from Ohio. He was the father-in-law of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman. He died at age 81.
1763 ~ John Molson (d. Jan. 11, 1836), English-born Canadian brewer and founder of the Molson Brewing Company. He died 14 days after his 72nd birthday.
1722 ~ Eliza Lucas (d. May 26, 1793), English-American agriculturalist. She was born in the British West Indies before moving to what is now South Carolina. It was in South Carolina where she developed indigo as an important cash crop. She died of cancer at age 61.
833 ~ Yi Zong (d. Aug. 15, 873), Chinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He ruled from September 859 until his death 14 years later. He died at age 39.
Events that Changed the World:
2014 ~ Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501 crashed into the Karimata Strait on a flight from Surabaya to Singapore. Debris and bodies of some of the 162 passengers and crew were recovered several days later.
2010 ~ Protests associated with the Arab Spring began in Algeria against the government.
2000 ~ The department store, Montgomery Ward, announced that it was going out of business. The company had been operating for 128 years.
1989 ~ A 5.6 magnitude earthquake struck New South Wales, Australia and killed 13 people.
1972 ~ A 6.5 magnitude earthquake struck in Nicaragua, killing over 10,000 people.
1912 ~ The first city-owned streetcars began operation in San Francisco, California.
1908 ~ A 7.2 magnitude earthquake struck Sicily killing over 75,000 people.
1902 ~ In the first indoor professional football game, which was held at Madison Square Garden, The Syracuse Athletic Club defeated the New York Philadelphians.
1895 ~ Wilhelm Röntgen (1845 ~ 1923) published his paper detailing his discovery of a new type of radiation, which would later be known as X-rays.
1846 ~ Iowa became the 29th State of the Union.
1832 ~ John C. Calhoun (1782 ~ 1850) became the first Vice President of the United States to resign. He has served under Presidents John Quincy Adams (1767 ~ 1848) and Andrew Jackson (1767 ~ 1845). He resigned during his tenure in the Jackson administration over a controversy involving Peggy Eaton (1799 ~ 1879), wife of Secretary of War, John Eaton (1790 ~ 1856). Peggy Eaton had married John Eaton just months after the death of her first husband. Other Washington wives did not feel that Peggy Eaton met the moral standards of wives of political husbands.
1612 ~ Galileo Galilei (1564 ~ 1642) first reported that he had observed what he erroneously described as a fixed star, but was later determined to be the planet Neptune.
1065 ~ Westminster Abbey was consecrated.
558 ~ Chlothar I (497 ~ 561) was crowned King of the Franks. He would rule for only 3 years.
418 ~ Pope Boniface I (d. 422) began his reign as head of the Catholic Church.
Good-Byes:
2018 ~ Amos Oz (né Amos Klausner; b. May 4, 1939), Israeli novelist who proved Israel’s contradictions. He is best known for his memoir, A Tale of Love and Darkness. He died of cancer at age 79.
2018 ~ Georges Loinger (b. Aug. 29, 1910), French soldier and teacher who saved Jewish children during World War II. He was in the French Resistance. He died at age 108.
2017 ~ Sue Grafton (née Sue Taylor Grafton; b. Apr. 24, 1940), American crime writer who went from A to Y. In the early 1980s she began writing about Kinsey Milhone, a private investigator, in the book A is for Alibi. She continued the series through the letter Y before dying of cancer at age 77.
2017 ~ Rose Marie (née Rose Marie Mazetta; b. Aug. 15, 1923), American Hollywood veteran who never retired. She was the actress best known for her role as Sally Rogers on The Dick Van Dyke Show. She died at age 94.
2016 ~ Debbie Reynolds (née Mary Frances Reynolds; b. Apr. 1, 1932), American bubbly actress and singer who danced to fame in Singin’ in the Rain. She died of a broken heart one day after her daughter, Carrie Fischer. She was 84 years old.
2010 ~ Billy Taylor (né William Taylor; b. July 24, 1921), African-American pianist who proclaimed the jazz gospel. He died at age 89.
2010 ~ Agathe von Trapp (née Agathe Johanna Erwina Gobertina von Trapp; b. Mar. 12, 1913), eldest daughter of the von Trapp family. She was portrayed as Lisel in the movie, The Sound of Music. She died at age 97.
2004 ~ Jerry Orbach (né Jerome Bernard Orbach; b. Oct. 20, 1935), American actor who was “the quintessential New Yorker”. He died of prostate cancer at age 69.
2004 ~ Susan Sontag (née Susan Rosenblatt; b. Jan. 16, 1933), New York intellectual who became a celebrity. She was an author, filmmaker and political activist. She died of blood cancer 19 days before her 72nd birthday.
2001 ~ William X. Kienzle (né William Xavier Kienzle; b. Sept. 11, 1928), American priest and author of crime novels. He left the priesthood in 1974. He died of a heart attack at age 73.
1999 ~ Clayton Moore (né Jack Carlton Moore; b. Sept. 14, 1914), American actor best known for playing the role of the Lone Ranger on the television series of the same name. He died of a heart attack at age 85.
1986 ~ John D. MacDonald (né John Dann MacDonald; b. July 24, 1916), American author of thrillers and detective stories. He died at age 70.
1984 ~ Sam Peckinpah (né David Samuel Peckinpah; b. Feb. 21, 1925), American movie director. He died at age 59 of heart failure.
1967 ~ Katharine McCormick (née Katharine Moore Dexter, b. Aug. 27, 1875), American biologist and philanthropist. She was an advocate for women’s reproductive rights. She funded much of the research for the development of the birth control pill. She died at age 92.
1961 ~ Edith Bolling Wilson (née Edith Bolling; b. Oct. 15, 1872), First Lady of the United States and second wife of President Woodrow Wilson. They married while Wilson was President. She was First Lady from December 1915 until March 1921. She died on what would have been her husband’s 105th birthday. She was 89 at the time of her death.
1952 ~ Alexandrine Mecklenburg-Schwerin (b. Dec. 24, 1879), Queen consort of Denmark and Iceland and wife of King Christian X. She died 4 days after her 73rd birthday.
1945 ~ Theodore Dreiser (né Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser; b. Aug. 27, 1871), American author best known for his novels Sister Carrie and An American Tragedy. He died at age 74 of heart failure.
1937 ~ Maurice Ravel (né Joseph Maurice Ravel; b. Mar. 7, 1875), French composer. He is best known writing Boléro. He died at age 62.
1872 ~ James Van Ness (b. 1808), 7th Mayor of San Francisco. He served as Mayor from July 1855 until July 1856. He was born in Burlington, Vermont. Van Ness Avenue in San Francisco was named in his honor. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been 64 at the time of his death.
1734 ~ Rob Roy MacGregor (né Robert Roy MacGregor; b. Mar. 7, 1671), Scottish outlaw who became a folk hero. The exact date of his birth is not know, but he was baptized on March 7, 1671. He died at age 63.
1663 ~ Francesco Maria Grimaldi (b. Apr. 2, 1618), Italian mathematician, physicist and priest. The Grimaldi crater on the moon is named in his honor. He died at age 45.
1503 ~ Piero di Lorenzo de’Medici (b. Feb. 15, 1471), Italian ruler. He was also known as Piero the Unfortunate. He was the Lord of Florence from April 1492 until his exile in 1494. He drowned at age 31.
1446 ~ Antipope Clement VIII (né Gil Sánchez Muñoz y Carbón; b. 1369). He was one of the popes of the Avignon line. The exact date of his birth is not known.
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