Birthdays:
1972~ Samantha Smith (née Samantha Reed Smith; d. Aug. 25, 1985), American peace activist from Houlton, Maine. In 1982, she wrote a letter to Russian General Secretary Yuri Andropov and received a personal reply and an invitation to visit the Soviet Union. She was killed in a small private plane crash at age 13.
1961~ Sharon Lawrence (née Sharon Elizabeth Lawrence), American actress.
1949~ Ann Veneman (née Ann Margaret Veneman), 27th United States Secretary of Agriculture. She served under President George W. Bush from January 2001 through January 2005.
1948~ Fred Grandy (né Frederick Lawrence Grandy), American actor and politician. He is best known for his portrayal of Gopher on the Love Boat. He later went on to become a United States Representative from Iowa.
1947~ Richard Lewis (né Richard Philip Lewis), American comedian.
1944~ Gary Busey (né William Gary Busey), American actor.
1941~ Stokely Carmichael (né Stokley Standiford Churchill Carmichael; d. Nov. 15, 1998), Trinidadian-American civil rights activist. He died of prostate cancer at age 57.
1936~ Harmon Killebrew (né Harmon Clayton Killebrew, Jr.; d. May 17, 2011), American baseball player. He was the gentle slugger who was beloved by his team. He died at age 74.
1930~ Robert Evans (né Robert J. Shapera), American actor and movie producer.
1929~ Orina Fallaci (d. Sept. 15, 2006), Italian journalist and writer. She died of lung cancer at age 77.
1926~ Sir Rex Hunt (né Rex Masterman Hunt; d. Nov. 11, 2012), British governor who defied Argentina during the Falkland Islands War in 1982. He was 86 years old.
1920~ Ray Harryhausen (néRaymond Frederick Harryhausen; d. May 7, 2013), American animator who made onscreen magic. He is best known for stop motion model animation, known as Dynamation. He died at age 92.
1919~ Slim Pickens (né Louis Burton Lindley, Jr.; d. Dec. 8, 1983), American actor. He is best remembered for his role in Dr. Strangelove. He died following complications of surgery to remove a brain tumor. He was 64 years old.
1916~ Ruth Warrick (née Ruth Elizabeth Warrick; d. Jan. 15, 2005), American singer and actress who made her screen debut in Citizen Kane. She played Emily Norton Kane, the aloof, icy first wife of the fictional publisher Charles Foster Kane in the film. She died of pneumonia at age 88.
1914~ Christos Papakyriakopoulos (d. June 29, 1976), Greek mathematician. He died of stomach cancer on his 62nd birthday.
1911~ Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands (d. Dec. 1, 2004),Prince consort of the Netherlands. He was the husband of Queen Juliana. He died at age 93.
1904~ Witold Hurewics (d. Sept. 6, 1956), Polish mathematician. He died at age 52 from a fall from a Mayan step pyramid in Mexico City.
1901~ Nelson Eddy (né Nelson Ackerman Eddy; d. Mar. 6, 1967), American singer and actor. He died at age 65 of a cerebral hemorrhage.
1900~ Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (disappeared July 31, 1944), French pilot and writer, best known for The Little Prince. During World War II, while on a reconnaissance mission in July 1944, he disappeared and was presumed killed. He was 44 years old.
1880~ Harry Frazee (né Harry Herbert Frazee; d. June 4, 1929), American theatrical agent and former owner of the Boston Red Sox from 1916 to 1923. He is best known for being responsible for selling Babe Ruth to the rival team, the New York Yankees. He died of kidney failure three weeks before his 49th birthday.
1868~ George Ellery Hale (d. Feb. 21, 1938), American astronomer. He died at age 69.
1861~ William James Mayo (d. July 28, 1939), American physician and one of the seven founders of the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. He died a month after his 78th birthday.
1858~ Julia Lathrop (née Julia Clifford Lathrop; d. Apr. 15, 1932), American social activist. She served as the 1st Director of the United States Children’s Bureau. She was the first woman to head a federal bureau. She died at age 73.
1858~ George Washington Goethals (d. Jan. 21, 1928), American general and civil engineer. He was the co-designer of the Panama Canal. He served as the 1st Governor of the Panama Canal Zone. He died at age 69.
1849~ Pedro Montt (d. Aug. 16, 1910), President of Chile. He served as President from September 1906 until his death at age 61 of a stroke in August 1910.
1884~ Peter I of Serbia (d. Aug. 16, 1921), 1st King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. He was King from December 1918 until his death at age 77 in August 1921.
1793~ Josef Ressel (né Josef Ludwig Franz Ressel; d. Oct. 9, 1857), Bohemian inventor who designed the ship propeller. He died at age 64.
1482~ Maria of Aragon (d. Mar. 7, 1517), Queen consort of Portugal and the Algarves. She was the 2nd wife of Manuel I, King of Portugal. She was of the House of Trastámara. She died of complications of pregnancy at age 34.
Events that Changed the World:
2014~ The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) self-declared its caliphate in Syria and northern Iraq. This group is sometimes referred to as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).
2012~ A derecho hit the eastern United States leaving at least 22 people dead and millions without power.
2009~ Bernard Madoff (b. 1938) was sentenced to 150 years in prison for his Ponzi scheme.
2007~ The first iPhones were made available from Apple, Inc.
1995~ The United States Space Shuttle Program, the STS-71 Mission (AtlantisMission) docked with the Russian space station, Mir, for the first time.
1976~ The Seychelles became independent from the United Kingdom.
1974~ Mikhail Baryshnikov (b. 1948) defected from the Soviet Union to Canada while on tour with the Bolshoi Ballet.
1974~ Isabel Perón (b. 1931) was sworn in as the first female president of Argentina. Her husband, President Juan Perón (1895 ~ 1974) had delegated the responsibilities to her, citing ill health. He died on July 1, 1974, two days after Isabel became president.
1972~ In the case of Furman v. Georgia, the US Supreme Court ruled that the arbitrary and inconsistent imposition of the death penalty violated the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments, and therefore constituted cruel and unusual punishment.
1956~ The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 became law, officially creating the United States Interstate Highway System.
1889~ Hyde Park and several other townships in Illinois voted to be annexed by Chicago, thereby making the largest city in the United States in area and the second largest in population.
1613~ The Globe Theater in London, England burned to the ground. Many Shakespeare plays were staged in this theater. It would be over 300 years before a new Globe Theater would be rebuilt.
1534~ Jacques Cartier (1491 ~ 1557) became the first recorded European to reach what is now known as Prince Edward Island, Canada.
Good-Byes:
2018~ Steve Ditko (né Stephen J. Ditko, b. Nov. 2, 1927), American enigmatic comic artist who helped create Spider-Man. He died at age 90.
2018~ Arvid Carlsson (b. Jan. 25, 1923), Swedish biochemist and recipient of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in Parkinson’s disease. He died at age 95.
2003~ Katherine Hepburn (née Katherine Houghton Hepburn; b. May 12, 1907), American actress. She died at age 96.
2002~ Rosemary Clooney (b. May 23, 1928), American singer and actress. She died of lung cancer a little over a month after her 74th birthday.
1995~ Lana Turner (née Julia Jean Turner; b. Feb. 8, 1921), American actress. She died of esophageal cancer at age 74.
1990~ Irving Wallace (b. Mar. 19, 1916), American journalist and author. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 74.
1978~ Bob Crain (né Robert Edward Crane; b. July 13, 1928), American actor best known for his role as Colonel Hogan on the TV show Hogan’s Heroes. He died under mysterious circumstances two weeks before his 50th birthday.
1977~ Magda Lupescu (née Elena Lupescu, b. Sept 15, 1895), Romanian mistress of King Carol II of Romania. After his abduction, she became his wife. She died at age 81.
1976~ Christos Papakyriakopoulos (b. June 29, 1914), Greek mathematician. He died of stomach cancer on his 62nd birthday.
1967~ Jayne Mansfield (née Vera Jayne Palmer; b. Apr. 19, 1933), American actress. She was killed in a car accident in Slidell, Louisiana. She was 34 years old at the time of her death. One of her daughters is Mariska Hargitay (b. 1964), an actress known for her role as Detective Olivia Benson on Law & Order: Special Victim’s Unit.
1940~ Paul Klee (b. Dec. 18, 1879), Swiss-German painter. He died at age 60.
1933~ Fatty Arbuckle (né Roscoe Conkling Arbuckle; b. Mar. 24, 1887), American actor. He was one of the most popular silent film stars of the 1910s. He was accused of the rape and manslaughter of a young actress, but was ultimately acquitted after three trials. He died of a heart attack at age 46.
1925~ Christian Michelsen (b. Mar. 15, 1857), 1st Prime Minister of independent Norway. He served as Prime Minister from March 1905 until October 1907 during the reign of King Haakon VII. He died at age 68.
1921~ Lady Randolph Churchill, Jeanette Jerome (née Jennie Jerome; b. Jan. 9, 1854), American socialite and mother of Winston Churchill. When she married her first husband, Lord Randolph Churchill, she became Lady Randolph Churchill. She died of a hemorrhage following the amputation of her left leg. Her leg required the amputation as a result an injury from a fall in which she broke her ankle. She was 67 years old.
1900~ Ivan Mekheevich Pervushin (b. Jan. 15, 1827), Russian mathematician. He died at age 73.
1895~ Thomas Huxley (né Thomas Henry Huxley; b. May 4, 1825), English botanist. He died at age 70.
1882~ Joseph Hansom (né Joseph Aloysius Hansom; b. Oct. 26, 1803), English architect and inventor of the Hansom cab. He died at age 73.
1861~ Elizabeth Barrett Browning (née Elizabeth Barrett Moulton-Barrett; b. Mar. 6, 1806), English poet. She died of an illness at age 55.
1852~ Henry Clay, Sr. (b. Apr. 12, 1777), 9th United States Secretary of State. He served under President John Quincy Adams from March 1825 until March 1929. He had also served as the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He died at age 75.
1252~ Abel, King of Denmark (b. 1218). He became king following the death of his brother, Eric IV, of whom he is suspected of murdering. He reigned as king from November 1250 until his death a year and a half later. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 33 or 34 at the time of his death.
226~ Cao Pi (b. 187), Chinese emperor of the Cao Wei. The exact date of his birth is not known.
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