Birthdays:
2001~ Sasha Obama (née Natasha Obama), daughter of President Barack Obama.
1982~ Tara Lipinski (née Tara Kristen Lipinski), American figure skater. At age 14, she won the World Figure Skating title.
1982~ Princess Madeleine of Sweden, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland. She is the youngest daughter of King Carl XVU Gustaf of Sweden and Silvia Sommerlath.
1971~ Bobby Jindal (né Piyush Jindal), 55th Governor of the State of Louisiana. He was also a failed 2016 presidential candidate. He never formally changed his first name to Bobby, but selected that name from one of the sons on the television sit-com The Brady Bunch.
1969~ Kate Snow, American journalist. She was born in Bangor, Maine.
1965~ Elizabeth Hurley (née Elizabeth Jane Hurley), English model and actress.
1962~ Gina Gershon, American actress.
1959~ Eliot Spitzer (né Eliot Laurence Spitzer), American politician and disgraced governor of New York State. He served as the 54th Governor of New York before he was forced to resign due to a sex prostitution scandal.
1953~ John Edwards (né Johnny Reid Edwards), American politician and presidential hopeful in the 2004 and 2008 campaign until he was caught in a sex scandal.
1944~ Ze’ev Friedman (d. Sept. 6, 1972), Polish-Israeli weightlifter. He was murdered by Palestinian terrorists during the 1972 Olympics in Munich. He was 28 years old.
1938~ Vasanti N. Bhat-Nayak (d. Feb. 12, 2009), Indian mathematician. She is known for her work in combinatorics. She died at age 70.
1935~ Lu Jaixi (d. Oct. 31, 1983), Chinese self-taught mathematician. He made important contributions in the field of combinatorial design theory. He died suddenly at age 48 from exhaustion from overworking.
1935~ Elio Fiorucci (d. July 19, 2015), Italian fashion designer who defined the disco age. He was 80 years old.
1933~ F. Lee Bailey (né Francis Lee Bailey, Jr.), American attorney.
1932~ Pierre Cartier (né Pierre Emile Cartier), French mathematician.
1929~ E.O. Wilson (né Edward Osborne Wilson), American biologist.
1928~ Maurice Sendak (né Maurice Bernard Sendak; d. May 8, 2012), American writer and illustrator of children's literature, best known for his book, Where the Wild Things Are. He died about a month before his 84th birthday.
1925~ Nat Hentoff (né Nathan Irving Hentoff; d. Jan. 7, 2017), American jazz journalist who championed civil liberties. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 91.
1924~ Friedrich L. Bauer (né Friedrich Ludwig Bauer; d. Mar. 26, 2015), German mathematician. He died at age 90.
1923~ Robert Maxwell (né Ján Ludvík Hyman Binyamin Hoch; also known as Ian Robert Maxwell, d. Nov. 5, 1991), Slovak-English publisher and politician. He died at age 68 under mysterious circumstances, apparently from falling off his yacht.
1922~ Judy Garland (née Frances Ethel Gumm; d. June 22, 1969), American actress and singer, best known for her role as Dorothy in The Wizard of Oz. She died by suicide in 1969, just 10 days after her 47th birthday.
1921~ Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (né Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark), husband of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain.
1916~ William Rosenberg (d. Sept. 22, 2002), American entrepreneur and founder of Dunkin’ Donuts. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in Mashpee, Massachusetts at age 86.
1915~ Saul Bellow (né Solomon Bellows; d. Apr. 5, 2005), Canadian-born Jewish novelist and recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 89 in Brookline, Massachusetts.
1913~ Benjamin Shapira (d. 1993), German-Israeli biochemist.
1910~ Howlin’ Wolf (né Chester Arthur Burnett; d. Jan. 10, 1976), African-American blues singer, songwriter and guitarist. He died at age 65.
1901~ Frederick Loewe (d. Feb. 14, 1988), Austrian-American composer who collaborated with Alan Jay Lerner to compose many Broadway musicals. He died of cardiac arrest at age 86.
1897~ Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (d. July 17, 1918). She was 21 years old when she was assassinated. She was the second daughter of Czar Nicholas II, the last monarch of Russia.
1895~ Hattie McDaniel (d. Oct. 26, 1952), African-American actress who won the 1939 Academy Award for her role as Mammy in Gone with the Wind. She died at age 57 of breast cancer.
1835~ Rebecca Latimer Felton (née Rebecca Ann Latimer; d. Jan. 24, 1930), American politician. She was the first woman to serve in the United States Senate, although she only served for one day. She was a slave owner and a white supremacist from Georgia who often spoke in favor of lynching. She died at age 94.
1822~ John Jacob Astor, III (d. Feb. 22, 1890), American businessman. He died at age 67.
1819~ Gustave Courbet (né Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet; d. Dec. 31, 1877), French painter and leader of the Realism movement. He died at age 58 of liver disease.
1753~ William Eustis (d. Feb. 6, 1825), 6th United States Secretary of War. He served under President James Madison from March 1809 until January 1813. He later served as the 12th Governor of Massachusetts from May 1823 until February 1825. He died at age 71.
940~ Abū al-Wafā Būzjānī (d. July 15, 998), Persian mathematician and astronomer. The exact dates of his birth and death are unknown. He is believed to have been about 58 at the time of his death.
Events that Changed the World:
1991~ Jaycee Lee Dugard (b. 1980) was kidnapped. She would be released from her captivity in 2009.
1977~ The Apple II first went on sale.
1971~ President Richard Nixon lifted the 20-year trade embargo on China.
1967~ The Six-Day War ended when Israel and Syria agreed to a cease-fire.
1947~ Saab produced its first automobile. The company stopped manufacturing in 2012.
1942~ During World War II, German forces massacred 173 male residents of Lidice, Czechoslovakia, in retaliation for the killing of Nazi official Reinhard Heydrich (1904 ~ 1942).
1935~ Dr. Robert Smith (1879 ~ 1950) and William “Bill” Griffith Wilson (1895 ~ 1971) founded Alcoholics Anonymous in Akron, Ohio.
1898~ United States Marines landed on Cuba during the Spanish-American War.
1854~ The first class of the United States Naval Academy students graduated.
1829~ The first Boat Race between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge took place.
1793~ The Jardin des Plantes museum opened in Paris. It would soon become the first public zoo.
1692~ The first official execution resulting from the Salem Witch Trials in Massachusetts took place when Bridget Bishop (1632 ~ 1692) was hanged.
Good-Byes:
2018~ Dorothy Cotton (née Dorothy Lee Forman; b. Jan. 5, 1930), African-American civil rights leader who educated black voters. She died in Ithaca, New York at age 88.
2016~ Gordie Howe (né Gordon Howe; b. Mar. 31, 1928), Canadian ice hockey player. He spent 25 years with the Detroit Red Wings. His nickname was Mr. Hockey. He died at age 88.
2011~ Sir Patrick Fermor (né Patrick Michael Leigh Fermor; b. Feb. 11, 1915), British writer who walked across Europe. He was 96 years old.
2009~ Richard Quick (né Richard Walter Quick, b. Jan. 31, 1943), American head swim coach at Stanford University. He coached the United States swim team in six Olympic competitions. He died of a brain tumor at age 66.
2004~ Ray Charles (né Ray Charles Robinson; b. Sept. 23, 1930), African-American musician. He was blind from the age of 7. He died of liver disease at age 73.
2003~ Donald Regan (né Donald Thomas Regan; b. Dec. 21, 1918), 11th White House Chief of Staff. He served under President Ronald Reagan from February 1985 through February 1987. He had previously served as the 66th Secretary of the Treasury, also during the Ronald Reagan administration from January 1981 until February 1985. He was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He died of cancer at age 84.
1992~ Morris Kline (b. May 1, 1908), American mathematician. He died at age 84.
1988~ Louis L’Amour (né Louis Dearborn L’Amour, b. Mar. 22, 1908), American writer of western novels. He died of lung cancer at age 80.
1982~ Rainer Werner Fassbinder (b. May 31, 1945), German actor and movie director. He died of a drug overdose, just 10 days after his 37th birthday.
1976~ Adolph Zukor (b. Jan. 7, 1873), Hungarian-American film producer and co-founder of Paramount Pictures. He died at age 103.
1973~ William Inge (né William Motter Inge; b. May 3, 1913), American playwright. He died by suicide using carbon monoxide at age 60.
1967~ Spencer Tracy (né Spencer Bonaventure Tracy; b. Apr. 5, 1900), American actor. He died at age 67 of a heart attack.
1949~ Sigrid Undset (b. May 20, 1882), Norwegian author and recipient of the 1928 Nobel Prize in Literature. She died 21 days after her 67th birthday.
1948~ Philippa Fawcett (née Philippa Garrett Fawcett;b. Apr. 4, 1868), British mathematician. She was also an advocate for women’s rights. She died at age 80.
1944~ Willem Jacob van Stockum (b. Nov. 20, 1910), Dutch mathematician. He was killed during a combat mission in World War II. He was 33 years old.
1926~ Antoni Gaudí (b. June 25, 1852), Spanish-Catalan architect. He died 15 days before his 74th birthday from injuries sustained from being struck by a tram.
1889~ Abraham Hochmuth (b. Dec. 14, 1816), Hungarian rabbi. He died at age 72.
1836~ André-Marie Ampère (b. Jan. 20, 1775), French physicist and mathematician. The measurement of electric current, the Ampere, is named in his honor. He died at age 61.
1824~ Caesar Augustus Rodney (b. Jan. 4, 1772), 6th United States Attorney General. He served under Presidents Thomas Jefferson and James Madison from January 1807 until December 1811. He subsequently became a United States Senator from Delaware from January 1882 until January 1823. He died at age 52 in Buenos Aries, Argentina while serving as the United States Minister to Argentina.
1437~ Joan of Navarre (b. 1370), Queen consort of England and wife of King Henry IV of England. The date of her birth is not known.
1190~ Frederick I Barbarossa (b. 1122), Holy Roman Emperor. He drowned in the Saleph River while leading his army to Jerusalem during the Third Crusade. He was 67 or 68. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
1099~ El Cid (né Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar; b. 1043), Castilian nobleman and military leader. The exact dates of his birth and death are not known.
942~ Liu Yan (b. 889), Chinese emperor of the Southern Han dynasty. The exact date of his birth is not known.
799~ Emperor Daizong of Tang (b. Jan. 9, 727), Chinese emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He reigned from May 762 until his death in June 799. He died at age 52.
223~ Lui Bei (b. 161), Chinese emperor of the Shu Han Dynasty. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been 62 at the time of his death.
323 BCE~ Alexander the Great (b. 356 July 20, BCE), Macedonian king. This is the traditional date ascribed to his death. He is believed to have been about 32 at the time of his death.
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