Birthdays:
1952 ~ Marie Pino (née Marie Smith; d. May 13, 2020), Native American teacher. She educated generations children in the Navajo Nation. Her son, Marcus Pino who was a basketball coach, died weeks before at age 42 of Covid-19, when she began to experience symptoms of the disease. She died at age 67 of complications from Covid-19.
1945 ~ Charlie Robinson (né Charles P. Robinson; d. July 11, 2021), African-American actor. He was best known for his role as the clerk of court, Mac Robinson, on the television sit-com Night Court. He died of cardiac arrest at age 75 in Los Angeles, California.
1942 ~ Edward Sexton (d. July 23, 2023), British Savile Row tailor and fashion rebel who dressed the Beatles and the Stones. He died at age 80.
1941 ~ Tom Fogerty (né Thomas Richard Fogerty; d. Sept. 6, 1990), American singer and guitarist for Creedence Clearwater Revival. He was born in Berkeley, California. He died at age 48 in Scottsdale, Arizona.
1936 ~ Mary Travers (née Mary Allin Travers; d. Sept. 16, 2009), American folksinger and member of the trio, Peter, Paul and Mary. She was born in Louisville, Kentucky. She died of leukemia at age 72 in Danbury, Connecticut.
1934 ~ Carl Sagan (né Carl Edward Sagan; d. Dec. 20, 1996), American astronomer and writer. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died of cancer at age 62 in Seattle, Washington.
1929 ~ Imre Kertész (d. Mar. 31, 2016), Hungarian writer and recipient of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was a Holocaust survivor, and his writings reflect his experiences. He is best known for his quasi-autobiographical novel, Fatelessness. He died of Parkinson’s disease at age 86.
1928 ~ Anne Sexton (née Anne Gray Harvey; d. Oct. 4, 1974), American poet. She was born in Newton, Massachusetts. She died by suicide about a month before her 46th birthday in Weston, Massachusetts.
1924 ~ Joy Page (née Joy Cerrette Paige; d. Apr. 18, 2008), American actress best known for her role as Annina Brandel in the film Casablanca. She was born and died in Los Angeles, California. She was 83 years old.
1922 ~ Imre Lakatos (d. Feb. 2, 1974), Hungarian mathematician. He fled to England during World War II. He was born in Debrecan, Hungary. He died of a heart attack at age 51 in London, England.
1918 ~ Spiro T. Agnew (né Spiro Theodore Agnew; d. Sept. 17, 1996), 39th Vice President of the United States. He served under President Richard Nixon. He resigned the Office following an investigation of extortion, tax fraud, bribery, and conspiracy. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He died at age 77 in Berlin, Maryland.
1915 ~ Sargent Shriver (né Robert Sargent Shriver, Jr.; d. Jan. 18, 2011), American politician who married into the Kennedy clan. He was married to Eunice Kennedy. He was the Kennedy in-law who battled poverty. He also served as the 21st United States Ambassador to France. He was the father of journalist Maria Shriver. He was born in Westminster, Maryland. He died at age 95 in Bethesda, Maryland.
1914 ~ Hedy Lamarr (née Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler; d. Jan. 19, 2000), Austrian actress, mathematician, and inventor. She was the sultry Hollywood star who, along with composer George Antheil, patented a radio-controlled torpedo system. Their concept (jumping from one frequency to another to dodge eavesdroppers) is now extensively used in military communications. She was born in Vienna, Austria. She died at age 85 in Casselberry, Florida.
1897 ~ Ronald George Wreyford Norrish (d. June 7, 1978), English chemist and recipient of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born and died in Cambridge, England. He died at age 80.
1886 ~ Ed Wynn (né Isaiah Edwin Leopold; d. June 19, 1966), American actor, best known for his role in Mary Poppins. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 79 of throat cancer in Beverly Hills, California.
1885 ~ Hermann Weyl (né Hermann Klaus Hugo Weyl; d. Dec. 8, 1955), German mathematician. He died a month after his 70th birthday in Zurich, Switzerland.
1885 ~ Theodor Kaluza (né Theodor Franz Eduard Kaluza; d. Jan. 19, 1954), German mathematician. He died at age 68.
1880 ~ Sir Giles Gilbert Scott (d. Feb. 8, 1960), British architect and designer of the iconic red telephone box. He died at age 79.
1871 ~ Florence R. Sabin (née Florence Rina Sabin; d. Oct. 3, 1953), American medical scientist. She was the first woman to hold a full professorship at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and the first woman to head a department at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. Her research focused on the lymphatic system, blood vessels and cells. In 1925, she became the first woman elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences. She was born in Central City, Colorado Territory. She died in Denver, Colorado about a month before her 82nd birthday.
1853 ~ Stanford White (d. June 25, 1906), American architect. He was murdered by Henry Thaw because of his affair with Evelyn Nesbit, Thaw’s wife. He was born and died in New York, New York. He was 52 years old at the time of his death.
1841 ~ Edward VII, King of the United Kingdom (né Prince Albert Edward; d. May 6, 1910). He ruled over the United Kingdom from January 1901 until his death in May 1910. Prior to becoming king, he was the Prince of Wales. In 1863, he married Princess Alexandra of Denmark (1844 ~ 1925). They had six children, including George V, King of England. He was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. He was the second child and eldest son of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. He was Anglican. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1818 ~ Ivan Turgenev (d. Sept. 3, 1883), Russian novelist. He died at age 64.
1801 ~ Gail Borden, II (d. Jan. 11, 1874), American publisher and inventor. He invented condensed milk. After his death, the name of his company, the New York Condensed Milk Company, was renamed the Borden Dairy Company. He was born in Norwich, New York. He died at age 72 in Bordon, Texas.
1799 ~ Gustav, Crown Prince of Sweden (d. Aug. 5, 1877), member of the Swedish royal family. In 1830, he married Princess Louise Amelie of Baden (1811 ~ 1854). They divorced 13 years later. When he was 10 years old, his father was deposed in the Coup of 1809, and the family went into exile. The family never regained the throne, so Gustav never became king. He was of the House of Holstein-Gottorp. He was the son of Gustav IV Adolf, King of Sweden and Princess Frederica of Baden. He was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He died at age 77.
1731 ~ Benjamin Banneker (d. Oct. 9, 1806), African-American astronomer, surveyor, naturalist, almanac author and farmer. A school in New Orleans, Louisiana is named in his honor. He was born and died in Maryland. He died a month before his 75th birthday.
1723 ~ Anna Amalia, Abbess of Quedlinburg (d. Mar. 30, 1787), Prussian princess and member of the Prussian royal family. She was an early modern German composer. She also served as the Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg. She never married. She was of the House of Hohenzollern. She was the daughter of Frederick William I, King of Prussian and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover. She was also the sister of Frederick the Great. She was Lutheran. She died at age 63.
1683 ~ George II, King of Great Britain (d. Oct. 25, 1760). He ruled from June 1727 until his death in October 1760. In 1705, he married Caroline of Ansbach (1683 ~ 1737). He was of the House of Hanover. He was the son of George I, King of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle. He was of the Church of England. He died about 2 weeks before his 77th birthday.
1389 ~ Isabella of Valois (d. Sept. 13, 1409), Queen consort of England. She was the second wife of Richard II, King of England (1367 ~ 1400). She was married to Richard II at age 7 and was widowed at age 10. She later married Charles, Duke of Orléans (1394 ~ 1465) and became the Duchess consort of Orléans. They married in 1406. She was his first wife. She was of the House of Valois. She was the daughter of Charles VI, King of France and Isabeau of Bavaria. She died in childbirth at age 19.
Events that Changed the World:
2019 ~ The Louisiana State University football team beat the University of Alabama team, in Alabama, in a score of 46 ~ 41.
2005 ~ Suicide bombers attacked three hotels in Amman, Jordan, killing at least 60 people.
1998 ~ Capital punishment was abolished in the United Kingdom.
1994 ~ The chemical element Darmstadtium was discovered. Its atomic number is 110. It is an extremely radioactive synthetic element. It was created in Darmstadt, Germany, hence its name.
1989 ~ The Berlin Wall was torn down, thus marking the beginning of the reunification of East and West Germany.
1985 ~ Garry Kasparov (b. 1963) of the Soviet Union became the youngest World Chess Champion at age 22 when he beat Anatoly Karpov (b. 1951).
1967 ~ The Rolling Stone magazine began publication.
1965 ~ Several northeastern United States and parts Canada were hit by a series of blackouts that lasted over 13 hours.
1960 ~ Robert McNamara (1916 ~ 2009) was named President of the Ford Motor Company. He was the first non-Ford family member to serve in that office. He resigned a month later, however, to become John F. Kennedy’s Secretary of Defense.
1953 ~ Cambodia gained its independence from France.
1938 ~ The Nazi pogrom known as Kristallnacht, or the Night of the Broken Glass, occurred, when the Nazis attached Jewish synagogues and businesses throughout Germany. The rioting was initiated following the death of Nazi diplomat Ernest vom Rath (1909 ~ 1938) by gunshot wounds inflicted by Jewish resistance fighter Herschel Grynszpan (1921 ~ 1942).
1918 ~ Wilhelm II, Kaiser of Germany (1859 ~ 1942) abdicated the German throne after the German Revolution and Germany was proclaimed a Republic.
1913 ~ The Great Lakes Storm of 1913, which was the most destructive natural disaster to hit the Great Lakes. Nineteen ships were destroyed and over 250 people were killed.
1907 ~ The Cullinan Diamond was presented to Edward VII, King of the United Kingdom (1841 ~ 1910) as a birthday gift.
1906 ~ President Theodore Roosevelt (1858 ~ 1919) became the first sitting President to make an official visit outside the United States, when he visited Panama to see the progress on the Panama Canal.
1887 ~ The United States received the rights to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
1872 ~ The Great Boston fire of 1872 began. The fire burned for 12 hours and destroyed over 770 buildings. Despite the enormity of the fire, only 13 people were killed as its result.
1720 ~ The Yehudah he-Hasid synagogue in Jerusalem was burned down by Arabs, leading to the expulsion of the Ashkenazim from the city.
1688 ~ William of Orange (1650 ~ 1702) captured Exeter during the Glorious Revolution.
1620 ~ The Pilgrims on the Mayflower are believed to have sighted land at Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
1520 ~ Christian II, King of Denmark (1481 ~ 1559) executed dozens of people during the Stockholm Bloodbath after invading Sweden. The bloodbath had begun a few days earlier.
1494 ~ The de’Medici family was expelled from Florence, Italy. The family returned to Florence in 1512.
1282 ~ Pope Martin IV (1210 ~ 1285) excommunicated King Peter III of Aragon (1239 ~ 1285).
694 ~ At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Visigoth King Egica of Hispania accused the Jews of aiding Muslims in Hispania. He sentenced all the Jews in the area to slavery.
Good-Byes:
2022 ~ Jane Gross (b. Sept. 10, 1947), American female reporter who busted into the locker room. In 1975, she was given permission to interview members of the New York Knicks following a basketball game. She was born in Manhattan, New York. She died of traumatic brain injury due to a series of falls. She died at age 75.
2020 ~ Gianni Bernardinello (b. Ded. 22, 1943), Italian baker who helped those in need during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. He handed out free bred, pizzas and sweets from his bakery in Milan, Italy. He died of Covid-19 at age 76.
2020 ~ Eleanor Schano (née Eleanor Martha Schano; b. July 31, 1932), American pioneering television journalist. She helped crack open the once male-oriented world of broadcasting news when she became the first female weather forecaster in Pittsburgh in 1961. In 1969, she became the first woman to be the solo news anchor in Pittsburgh. She was born and died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She died of Covid-19 at age 88.
2017 ~ John Hillerman (né John Benedict Hillerman; b. Dec. 20, 1932), American actor. He was born in Denison, Texas. He died of vascular cardiac disease at age 84 in Houston, Texas.
2015 ~ Jack Yufe (b. Jan. 11, 1933), the Trinidadian-Jewish man who found his identical ex-Nazi twin. He and his brother, Oskar Stöhr (d. 1997), were born to a German Catholic mother and a Romanian Jewish father. Their parents split when the boys were 6 months old and each twin was raised by a separate parent. Oskar lived with his strict Catholic mother in Nazi Germany, while Jack was brought up Jewish by his father who settled in the United States. Jack was raised Jewish and for a time served in the Israeli navy. Oskar, who was raised Catholic and joined the Hitler Youth, kept his Jewish identity a secret. The two met up again as young adults in 1954. Jack was 82 at the time of his death in San Diego, California.
2014 ~ Ina Ginsburg (née Ina Spira; b. Oct. 10, 1916), Austrian-born refugee from the Holocaust who became a Washington, D.C., socialite. She was born in Vienna, Austria. She died about a month after her 98th birthday.
2012 ~ Valerie Eliot (née Esmé Valerie Fletcher, b. Aug. 17, 1926), British loyal wife who guarded T.S. Eliot’s legacy. She was his second wife and was 38 years younger than her husband. She died at age 86 in London, England.
2012 ~ James L. Stone (né James Lamar Stone; b. Dec. 27, 1922), American soldier who fought in the Korean War and who had to wait for his rare honor. He earned the Medal of Honor in 1952 but rarely spoke of his wartime. He was born in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. He died at age 89 in Arlington, Texas.
2012 ~ Sergey Nikolsky (b. Apr. 30, 1905), Russian mathematician. He died at age 107 in Moscow, Russia.
2011 ~ Har Gobind Khorana (b. Jan. 9, 1922), Indian-born American biochemist and recipient of the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work that showed the order of nucleotides in nucleic acid. He died at age 89 in Concord, Massachusetts.
2009 ~ Earl Cooley (b. Sept. 25, 1911), the American firefighter who pioneered smoke jumping. He was born in Hardin, Montana. He died at age 98 in Missoula, Montana.
2008 ~ Miriam Makeba (née Zenzile Miriam Makeba; b. Mar. 4, 1932), South African singer known as “Mama Africa.” She died at age 76.
2006 ~ Ed Bradley (né Edward Rudolph Bradley, Jr.; b. June 22, 1941), African-American journalist. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 65 of leukemia in Manhattan, New York.
2004 ~ Stieg Larsson (né Karl Stig-Erland Larsson; b. Aug. 15, 1954), Swedish writer, best known for his The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo, series. He died of a heart attack at age 50 in Stockholm, Sweden.
2003 ~ Art Carney (né Arthur William Matthew Carney; b. Nov. 4, 1918), American actor. He is best known for his role as Ed Norton on the sit-com The Honeymooners. He was born in Mount Vernon, New York. He died in Chester, Connecticut 5 days after his 85th birthday.
1988 ~ John N. Mitchell (né John Newton Mitchell; b. Sept. 15, 1913), 67th United States Attorney General. He served under President Richard Nixon. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He died of a heart attack at age 75 in Washington, D.C.
1970 ~ General Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (né Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle; b. Nov. 22, 1890), French general and 1st President of the 5th Republic of France. He served as President from 1958 until 1969. He was born in Lille, France. He died 13 days before his 80th birthday.
1968 ~ Antonio Porchia (b. Nov. 13, 1885), Argentine poet. He was born in Conflenti, Italy. He died 4 days before his 88th birthday in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1958 ~ Dorothy Canfield Fisher (née Dorothy Frances Canfield; b. Feb. 17, 1879), American educator and social activist. Eleanor Roosevelt named her one of the 10 most influential women in the United States. She was born in Lawrence, Kansas. She died at age 79 in Arlington, Vermont.
1953 ~ Dylan Thomas (né Dylan Marlais Thomas; b. Oct. 27, 1914), Welsh poet. He was born in Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom. He died 2 weeks after his 39th birthday in Greenwich Village, New York.
1952 ~ Chaim Weizmann (b. Nov. 27, 1874), 1st President of the State of Israel. He served as President from February 1949 until his death 3 years later. He was born in Motal, Russian Empire (currently Belarus). He died in Office just 18 days before his 78th birthday in Rehovot, Israel.
1940 ~ Neville Chamberlain (né Arthur Neville Chamberlain; b. Mar. 18, 1869), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1837 ~ 1940. He is best known for his attempt to “maintain peace for our time” through appeasement of Nazi Germany for signing the Munich Agreement, which conceded the Sudentenland region of Bohemia to Germany. He was born in Birmingham, England. He died at age 71, just 6 months after leaving Office in Heckfield, England.
1937 ~ Ramsay MacDonald (né James MacDonald Ramsey; b. Oct. 12, 1866), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was the first Labor Party Prime Minister. He served for two terms, first from January 1924 until November 1924, and then from June 1929 until June 1935. Both terms were during the reign of George V, King of the United Kingdom. He died less than a month after his 71st birthday while aboard a North Atlantic sea voyage.
1935 ~ Walter L. Fisher (né Walter Lowrie Fisher; b. July 4, 1862), 25th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under Presidents William Taft and Woodrow Wilson. He was in Office from March 1911 until March 1913. He was born in Wheeling, Virginia (now West Virginia). He died at age 73 in Winnetka, Illinois.
1924 ~ Henry Cabot Lodge (b. May 12, 1850), American politician and United States Senator from Massachusetts. He was born in Beverly, Massachusetts. He died following a stroke suffered after gall bladder surgery. He was 74 years old in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1856 ~ John M. Clayton (né John Middleton Clayton; b. July 24, 1796), 18th United States Secretary of State. He served under Presidents Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore from March 1849 until July 1850. He was born in Dagsboro, Delaware. He died at age 60 in Dover, Delaware.
1854 ~ Elizabeth Hamilton (née Elizabeth Schuyler, b. Aug. 9, 1757), American wife of Alexander Hamilton. She was born in Albany, Province of New York, British America. She died at age 97 in Washington, D.C.
1844 ~ Marie Harel (b. Apr. 28, 1761), French cheesemaker. She is credited with inventing Camembert Cheese. She died at age 83.
1830 ~ Jan Śniadecki (b. Aug. 29, 1756), Polish mathematician and astronomer. The lunar crater Śniadecki on the moon is named in his honor. He died at age 72.
1620 ~ Louise de Coligny (b. Sept. 23, 1555), Princess consort of Orange and fourth wife of William I, Prince of Orange (1533 ~ 1584), They married in 1575. He was her second husband. She had previously been married to Charles de Teligny (1535 ~ 1572), who had been murdered in the St. Bartholomew’s Day massacre. She was of the House of Coligny. She was the daughter of Gaspard II de Coligny and Charlotte de Laval. She was a Huguenot. She died at age 65.
1504 ~ Fredrick IV, King of Naples (b. Apr. 19, 1452). He ruled Naples from 1496 until 1501 when he was deposed. He was married twice. His first wife was Anne of Savoy (1455 ~ 1480). His second wife was Isabella del Balzo (1465 ~ 1533). He was of the House of Trastámara. He was the son of Ferdinand I, King of Naples and Isabella of Clermont. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 52.
1312 ~ Otto III, King of Hungary and Croatia (b. Feb. 11, 1261). He ruled Hungary from December 6, 1305 until he abdicated in 1308. He was the Duke of Lower Bavaria from February 2, 1290 until his death in November 1312. He married twice. His first wife was Catherine of Habsburg. His second wife was Agnes of Glogau. Little is known of either of his wives. He was of the House of Wittelsbach. He was the son of Henry XIII, Duke of Bavaria and Elizabeth of Hungary. He died at age 51.
1261 ~ Sanchia of Provence (b. 1225), Queen consort of the Romans. She was the second wife of Richard, King of the Romans. When they first married, he was known as Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall. She was of the House of Barcelona. She was the daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence and Beatrice of Savoy. The date of her birth is not known. She died at about age 36.
1208 ~ Infanta Sancha of Castile (b. Sept. 21, 1154), Queen consort of Aragon. She was the wife of Alfonso II, King of Aragon (1157 ~ 1196). They married in 1174. They were the parents of Peter II, King of Aragon. She was of the Castilian House of Ivrea. She was the daughter of Alfonso VII, King of León and Castile and Richeza of Poland. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 54.
1187 ~ Gao Zong (b. June 12, 1107), 10th Chinese Emperor of the Song dynasty. He reigned from his 20th birthday in 1027 until March 1129, when he abdicated the throne in favor of his son. He died at age 80.
959 ~ Constantine VII (b. May 905), Byzantine emperor. He is believed to have been about 54 at the time of his death.
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