Birthdays:
1999 ~ Mahsa Amini (d. Sept. 16, 2022), Iranian woman who died in a hospital in Tehran, Iran under mysterious circumstances. She had been arrested by the religious morality police for allegedly not wearing a hijab. The police stated that she had died of a heart attack, however, eyewitnesses reported seeing her being brutally beaten. Her death sparked a series of protests in Iran. She died a week before her 23rd birthday.
1971 ~ Luke Wilson (né Luke Cunningham Wilson), American actor. He was born in Dallas, Texas.
1968 ~ David Jolicoeur (né David Jude Jolicoeur; d. Feb. 12, 2023), African-American thoughtful rapper who co-founded De La Soul. He was born in New York, New York. He died of congestive heart failure at age 54.
1965 ~ Cheryl Hines (née Cheryl Ruth Hines), American actress. She is best known for her role as Cheryl on the HBO comedy Curb Your Enthusiasm. In 2014, she married her second husband, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. She was born in Miami Beach, Florida.
1962 ~ Rob Morrow (né Robert Alan Morrow), American actor. He was born in New Rochelle, New York.
1957 ~ Ethan Coen (né Ethan Jesse Coen), American film director and screenwriter. He was born in St. Louis Park, Minnesota.
1954 ~ Shinzo Abe (d. July 8, 2022), Prime Minister of Japan. He served two terms as Prime Minister of Japan, first from September 2006 until September 2007 and again from December 2012 until September 2020. He was assassinated at age 67 while giving a political speech.
1950 ~ Bill Murray (né William James Murray), American actor and comedian. He was born in Evanston, Illinois.
1947 ~ Stephen King (né Stephen Edwin King), American author of suspense and horror novels. He was born in Portland, Maine and graduated from the University of Maine.
1944 ~ Hamilton Jordan (né William Hamilton McWhorter Jordan; d. May 20, 2008), 8th White House Chief of Staff. He was the political advisor who had President Jimmy Carter’s ear. He was born in Charlotte, North Carolina. He died of cancer at age 63 in Atlanta, Georgia.
1944 ~ Fanny Flagg (née Patricia Neal), American actress, comedian and writer. She is best known for her novel, Fried Green Tomatoes at the Whistle Stop Café. She was born in Birmingham, Alabama.
1943 ~ Jerry Bruckheimer (né Jerome Leon Bruckheimer), American film and television producer. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.
1941 ~ R. James Woolsey, Jr. (né Robert James Woolsey, Jr.), 16th Director of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. He served in the Bill Clinton administration from February 1993 until January 1995. He was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
1940 ~ Bill Kurtis (né William Horton Kuretich), American journalist. In 2014, he became the announcer of the radio news-game show, Wait, Wait, Don’t Tell Me! He was born in Pensacola, Florida.
1936 ~ Diane Rehm (née Diane Aed), American radio host. She was born in Washington, D.C.
1935 ~ Henry Gibson (né James Bateman; d. Sept. 14, 2009), American actor best known for his role in Laugh-In. He was born in Germantown, Pennsylvania. He died of cancer a week before his 74th birthday in Malibu, California.
1934 ~ Leonard Cohen (né Leonard Norman Cohen; d. Nov. 7, 2016), Canadian-born poetic singer-songwriter who explored love, death, and spiritual longing. He was born in Westmount, Quebec, Canada. He died at age 82 in Los Angeles, California.
1931 ~ Larry Hagman (né Larry Martin Hagman; d. Nov. 23, 2012), American actor best known for his role as astronaut Major Anthony Nelson on the sit-com I Dream of Jeannie, and as J.R. Ewing on the TV series, Dallas. His mother was the stage actress, Mary Martin. He was born in Fort Worth, Texas. He died of leukemia at age 81 in Dallas, Texas.
1930 ~ Romulus Linney (né Romulus Zachariah Linney, IV; d. Jan. 15, 2011), American playwright who drew on his Southern boyhood. His daughter is the actress Laura Linney. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 80 in Germantown, New York.
1926 ~ Donald Glaser (né Donald Arthur Glaser; d. Feb. 28, 2013), American physicist and recipient of the 1960 Nobel Prize for Physics. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He died at age 86 in Berkeley, California.
1917 ~ Phyllis Nicholson (né Phyllis Lockett; d. Oct. 6, 1968), English mathematician. She is best known for her work on the Crank-Nicholson method. She died of breast cancer less than 3 weeks after her 51st birthday.
1914 ~ John Kluge (né John Werner Kluge; d. Sept. 7, 2010), German-born American immigrant who build a media empire. He was born in Chemnitz, Germany. He died 2 weeks before his 96th birthday in Charlottesville, Virginia.
1912 ~ Chuck Jones (né Charles Martin Jones; d. Feb. 22, 2002), American animator best known for his work with Warner Brothers on such cartoons as Loony Toons. He was born in Spokane, Washington. He died of congestive heart failure at age 89 in Newport Beach, California.
1903 ~ Preston Tucker (né Preston Thomas Tucker, d. Dec. 26, 1956), American automobile designer. He was the subject of the 1988 movie, Tucker: The Man and His Dreams, starring Jeff Bridges. He was born in Capac, Michigan. Preston Tucker died at age 53 of lung cancer in Ypsilanti, Michigan.
1902 ~ Sir Allen Lane (né Allen Lane Williams, d. July 7, 1970), British publisher and founder of Penguin Books. He died of cancer at age 67.
1884 ~ Dénes Kőnig (d. Oct. 19, 1944), Hungarian mathematician. He wrote the first textbook on graph theory. He was born and died in Budapest, Hungary. He committed suicide less than a month after his 60th birthday to evade persecution from the Nazis for being a Hungarian Jew.
1874 ~ Gustav Holst (né Gustavus Theodore von Holst; d. May 25, 1934), English composer. He is best known for composing The Planets. He died in London, England at age 59 of heart failure following ulcer surgery.
1867 ~ Henry L. Stimson (né Henry Lewis Stimson, d. Oct. 20, 1950), 46th United States Secretary of State. He served in this Office during the Herbert Hoover administration from March 1929 until March 1933. He previously served twice as the as the United States Secretary War. He served 45th United States Secretary of War during the William Howard Taft administration from May 1911 until March 1913. He served in this Office as the 54th United States Secretary of War during the Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S Truman administration from July 1940 until September 1945. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died a month after his 83rd birthday in West Hills, New York.
1866 ~ Charles Nicolle (né Charles Jules Henry Nicolle; d. Feb. 28, 1936), French bacteriologist and recipient of the 1928 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his work in the identification of lice as transmitters of typhus. He was born in Rouen, French Republic. He died at age 69 in Tunis, French Tunisia.
1866 ~ H.G. Wells (né Herbert George Wells; d. Aug. 13, 1946), English science fiction writer. He is best known for his novels such as The Time Machine, The War of the Worlds and The Island of Doctor Moreau. He died at age 79 in London, England.
1853 ~ Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (d. Feb. 21, 1926), Dutch physicist and recipient of the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Groningen, Netherlands. He died at age 72 in Leiden, Netherlands.
1851 ~ Fanny Searls (d. May 24, 1939), American biologist and physician. She was also a collector of botanical and geological specimens. She donated a collection of 215 botanical specimens she had gathered in Nevada to Northwestern University, including the first subsequently named Searls' prairie clover. She was born in Waukegan, Illinois. She died at age 87 in Santa Barbara, California.
1849 ~ Maurice Barrymore (né Herbert Arthur Chamberlayne Blythe; d. Mar. 25, 1905), British-American actor and patriarch of the Barrymore acting family. He was born in Amritsar, India. He died at age 55 in Amityville, New York. Drew Barrymore can thank her lucky stars for him!
1788 ~ Margaret Taylor (née Margaret Mackall Smith; d. Aug. 14, 1853), First Lady of the United States and wife of President Zachary Taylor. She served as First Lady during her husband’s Presidency from March 1849 until her husband’s death July 9, 1850. During her time in the White House, she was in ill health and the hostessing duties of being First Lady fell heavily upon her youngest daughter, Mary Elizabeth “Betty” Taylor (1824 ~ 1909). Margaret Taylor died at age 63 in Pascagoula, Mississippi.
1758 ~ Christopher Gore (d. Mar. 1, 1827), 8th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from May 1898 until June 1810. He also served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts from May 1813 until Mary 1918. He was born in Boston, Province of Massachusetts Bay, British America. He died at age 68 in Waltham, Massachusetts.
1645 ~ Louis Joliet (d. 1700), Canadian explorer. He was last seen in May 1700 as he went out on an expedition in what is now Quebec, Canada. He is believed to have died shortly thereafter at about age 54 or 55.
1640 ~ Prince Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (d. June 9, 1701), member of the French royal family. Although he was openly bisexual, he was married twice and fathered several children. His first wife was Princess Henrietta of England (1644 ~ 1670). They married in 1661. After her death, he married Elizabeth Charlotte of Palatine (1652 ~ 1722). They married in 1671. He was the son of Louis XIII, King of France and Archduchess Anne of Austria. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 60.
1552 ~ Barbara Longhi (d. Dec. 23, 1638), Italian painter. She is best known for her portraits. She was born and died in Ravenna, Italy. She died at age 86.
1457 ~ Princess Hedwig Jagiellon (d. Feb. 18, 1502), Duchess consort of Bavaria-Lanshut. She was the wife of George, Duke of Bavaria-Landshut (1455 ~ 1503). She was of the Jagiellon Dynasty. She was the eldest daughter of Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland and Elizabeth of Austria. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 44.
1452 ~ Girolamo Savonarola (d. May 23, 1498), Italian-Dominican priest, philosopher and ruler of Florence. He tried to reform the Church and was subsequently excommunicated by Pope Alexander VI. He was burned at the stake in Florence, Republic of Florence. He was 45 years old at the time of his death.
1428 ~ Zhu Qiyu (d. Mar. 14, 1457), 7th Chinese Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. He died at age 28.
1415 ~ Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. Aug. 19, 1493). He reigned from March 1452 until his death in August 1493. He was married to Infanta Eleanor of Portugal (1434 ~ 1467). They married in 1452. They were the parents of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Ernest, Duke of Austria and Cymburgis of Masovia. He was Roman Catholic. He died about a month before his 78th birthday.
1411 ~ Richard of York (d. Dec. 30, 1460), 3rd Duke of York. He was also known as Richard Plantagenet. He was of the House of York. He was the son of Richard, Earl of Cambridge and Anne Mortimer. He was killed at age 49 in the Battle of Wakefield during the War of the Roses.
1154 ~ Infanta Sancha of Castile (d. Nov. 9, 1208), Queen consort of Aragon. She was the wife of Alfonso II, King of Aragon (1157 ~ 1196). They married in 1174. They were the parents of Peter II, King of Aragon. She was of the Castilian House of Ivrea. She was the daughter of Alfonso VII, King of León and Castile and Richeza of Poland. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 54.
1051 ~ Bertha of Savoy (d. Dec. 27, 1087), Holy Roman Empress consort. She was the first wife of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1050 ~ 1106). They married in 1066. They were the parents of Conrad II, King of Italy. It was not a happy marriage. She was also known as Bertha of Turin. She was of the House of Savoy. She was the daughter of Otto I, Count of Savoy and Adelaide of Susa. She died at age 36.
Events that Changed the World:
2017 ~ Rosh Hashanah.
2005 ~ Hurricane Rita became a Category 5 Hurricane. It hit southwestern Louisiana on September 24, 2005. The storm had formed on September 18 and dissipated on September 26, 2005.
1999 ~ A massive earthquake, called the Chi-Chi earthquake, in Taiwan killed approximately 2500 people.
1996 ~ The Defense of Marriage Act was passed by a vote of 342 – 67 by the United States House of Representative, and by 85-14 by the United States Senate. The law prohibited federal recognition of same-sex marriage, but allowed the states to adopt any marital definition which might permit such marriages.
1981 ~ Sandra Day O’Connor (b. 1930) was unanimously approved by the United States Senate as the first female Supreme Court Justice. She had been noniminated to the position by President Ronald Reagan (1911 ~ 2004). She served on the Court from 1981 until her retirement in 2006.
1976 ~ Seychelles joined the United Nations.
1972 ~ Ferdinand Marcos (1917 ~ 1989) placed The Philippines under martial law.
1970 ~ The New York Times began the first modern op-ed page. Who know that was so recent!
1942 ~ This date marked Yom Kippur. Jews throughout Poland and the Ukraine were either sent to concentration camps or were executed. While this was a common practice by the Nazis, it was particularly horrific as it occurred on the holiest day of the Jewish year.
1938 ~ The Great New England Hurricane of 1938 made landfall in New England. Hurricanes rarely have a direct impact on the northern States. This was the first recorded major hurricane to strike in New York and New England. Between 500 and 700 people were killed in the storm. It was the costliest hurricane to hit the northeast until Hurricane Sandy in 2012.
1937 ~ The Hobbit by J.R.R. Tolkien (1892 ~ 1973) was first published.
1898 ~ The Empress Dowager Cixi (1935 ~ 1908) seized power in China, becoming the de facto ruler over the Manchu Qing Dynasty. Her actions on this date ended the Hundred Days’ Reform in China.
1897 ~ The famous Yes, Virginia, There is a Santa Claus editorial was published in The New York Sun newspaper. Virginia O’Hanlon (1889 ~ 1971) began to question the existence of Santa Claus, so she wrote to her newspaper. The paper responded in the affirmative, addressing the philosophical rational for believing in St. Nick.
1843 ~ John Williams Wilson (1798 ~ 1857) took possession of the Strait of Magellan on behalf of the Chilean government.
1792 ~ During the period of the French Revolution, the French National Convention declared France a republic and abolished the absolute monarchy.
1780 ~ Benedict Arnold (1741 ~ 1801) committed treason and gave the British the plans to West Point.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Melvin van Peebles (né Melvin Peebles; b. Aug. 21, 1932), African-American fiercely independent film director who blazed his own trail. He rewrote the rules of Black cinema with his 1971 film Sweet Sweetback’s Baadassss Song. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died in Manhattan, New York a month after his 89th birthday.
2020 ~ Arthur Ashkin (b. September 2, 1922), American physicist. He recipient of the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics. He is known as the father of optical tweezers. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died 19 days after his 98th birthday in Rumson, New Jersey.
2012 ~ Gideon Gadot (b. Apr. 1, 1941), Israeli journalist and politician. He died at age 71.
2012 ~ Sven Hassel (né Børge Willy Redsted Pedersen; b. Apr. 19, 1917), Danish novelist who humanized German soldiers from the World War II era. He died at age 95.
2007 ~ Alice Ghostley (née Alice Margaret Ghostley; b. Aug. 13, 1923), American actress. She was best known for her role as Cousin Alice on Mayberry RFD and Bernice Clifton on Designing Women. She was born in Eve, Missouri. She died of colon cancer at age 84 in Studio City, California.
2002 ~ Nils Bohlin (né Nils Ivar Bohlin; b. July 17, 1920), Swedish mechanical engineer. While working at Volvo, he is invented the three-point seat belt. He died of a heart attack at age 82.
1998 ~ Florence Griffith Joyner (née Florence Delorez Griffith, b. Dec. 21, 1959), American athlete. She was known as Flo-Jo. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She died of an epileptic seizure at age 38 in Mission Viejo, California.
1974 ~ Jacqueline Susann (b. Aug. 20, 1918), American novelist best known for her novel, The Valley of the Dolls. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She died of breast cancer a month after her 56th birthday in Manhattan, New York.
1974 ~ Walter Brennan (né Walter Andrew Brennan, b. July 25, 1894), American actor. He is best known for his role on the TV show, The Real McCoys. He was born in Lynn, Massachusetts. He died of emphysema at age 80 at Oxnard, California.
1971 ~ Bernardo Houssay (né Bernardo Alberto Houssay; b. Apr. 10, 1887), Argentine physiologist and recipient of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the role of the pituitary homes in regulating blood sugar levels. He died at age 84.
1966 ~ Paul Raynaud (né Jean Paul Raynaud; b. Oct. 15, 1878), Prime Minister of France. He served as Prime Minister from March 1940 until June 1940. He died 24 days before his 88th birthday.
1959 ~ Abraham Flexner (b. Nov. 13, 1866), American educator and founder of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He died at age 92 in Falls Church, Virginia.
1957 ~ Haakon VII, King of Norway (né Christian Frederik Carl Georg Valdemar Axel, b. Aug. 3, 1872). He was King from November 1905 until his death in September 1957. He was born as Prince Carl of Norway. He was married to Princess Maud of Wales (1869 ~ 1938). They married in 1896. They were the parents of Olav V, King of Norway. He was of the House of Glücksburg. He was the son of Frederick VIII, King of Denmark and Louise of Sweden. He died at age 85.
1944 ~ James E. Ferguson (né James Edward Ferguson, Jr., b. Aug. 31, 1871), 26th Governor of Texas. He served as Governor from January 1915 until August 1917. Several years later, his wife, Miriam, became Governor, making him the First Gentleman of Texas. He was born in Salado, Texas. He died 3 weeks after his 73rd birthday in Austin, Texas.
1939 ~ Armand Călinescu (b. June 4, 1893), 39th Prime Minister of Romania. He served as Prime Minister from March 1939 until his assassination on this date six months later. He is believed to have been the real power behind the throne of the dictatorship of King Carol II. He was 46 at the time of his death.
1904 ~ Chief Joseph (b. Mar. 3, 1840), Native American Nez Perce leader. He died at age 64.
1880 ~ Manuel Montt (né Manuel Francisco Antonio Julián Montt Torres; b. Sept. 4, 1809), President of Chile. He served as President from September 1851 through September 1861. He died 17 days weeks after his 71st birthday in Santiago, Chile.
1860 ~ Arthur Schopenhauer (b. Feb. 22, 1788), German philosopher best known for his work The World as Will and Representation. He was born in Danzig. He died of pulmonary failure at age 72 in Frankfurt, German Confederate.
1832 ~ Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet (b. Aug. 15, 1771), Scottish writer. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He died at age 61.
1643 ~ Hong Taiji (b. Nov. 28, 1592), 2nd Chinese Emperor of the Qing dynasty. He reigned from October 1626 until his death 21 years later. He died at age 50.
1576 ~ Gerolamo Cardano (b. Sept. 24, 1501), Italian mathematician. He died 3 days before his 75th birthday.
1558 ~ Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (b. Feb. 24, 1500). He ruled both Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. In 1526, he married to Infanta Isabella of Portugal. They were the parents of Philip II, King of Spain. He also had an illegitimate son with his mistress, Barbara Blomberg (1527 ~ 1597). This son, John of Austria (1545 ~ 1578), was born on Charles’ 45th birthday. He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Joanna, Queen of Castile and Aragon and Philip I, King of Castile. He was Catholic. He died at age 58.
1461 ~ Sophia of Halshany (b. 1405), Queen consort of Poland and fourth wife of Władysław II Jagiełło, King of Poland (1350s ~ 1434). She was of the Olshanski Dynasty. She was the daughter of Andrew Olshansky and Alexandra Drucka. The exact date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been about age 55 or 56 at the time of her birth.
1327 ~ Edward II, King of England (b. Apr. 25, 1284). He reigned as King of England from July 1307 until he was deposed on January 20, 1237. He was also known as Edward of Caernarfon. He was the Prince of Wales from February 1301 until he acceded to the throne in 1307. In 1308, he married Princess Isabella of France (1295 ~ 1358). They had 4 children. He was of the House of Plantagenet. He was the 4th son of Edward I, King of England and Eleanor, Countess of Ponthieu. He died, or was probably murdered, at age 43. He had been forced to relinquish his crown and was succeeded by his son, Edward III.
1317 ~ Viola of Teschen (b. 1291), Queen consort of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland. She was the wife of Wenceslaus III, King of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland (1289 ~ 1306). It was an unhappy marriage. Her husband was murdered less than a year after their marriage, leaving her a 15-year-old widow. After his death, she married Peter I of Rosenberg (d. 1347). She was of the House of Piast. She was the daughter of Mieszko I, Duke of Cieszyn and an unnamed mother. The date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been about 26 years old at the time of her death.
1235 ~ Andrew II, King of Hungary (b. 1175). He ruled over Hungary and Croatia from 1205 until his death in 1235. He was married three times. His first wife was Gertrude of Merania. His second wife was Yolanda de Courtenay. His third wife was Beatrice D’Este. He was of the House of Árpád. He was the son of Béla III, King of Hungary and Agnes of Antioch. He was Roman Catholic. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 57 or 58 at the time of his death.
687 ~ Pope Conon (b. 630). He was Pope from October 21, 686 until his death just under a year later. The exact date of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been 57 at the time of his death.
19 BCE ~ Virgil (b. Oct. 15, 70 BCE), Roman poet. The traditional dates ascribed to Virgil’s birth and death. He is believed to have been 50 when he died.
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