Birthdays:
1968 ~ Guy Ritchie (né Guy Stuart Ritchie), British movie director and former husband of Madonna.
1960 ~ Colin Firth (né Colin Andrew Firth), English actor.
1950 ~ Joe Perry (né Anthony Joseph Pereira), American musician and guitarist for Aerosmith. He was born in Lawrence, Massachusetts.
1948 ~ Margaret Trudeau (née Margaret Joan Sinclair), Canadian actress, author, and former wife of Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. She was also the mother of Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. She was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
1947 ~ Jane Gross (d. Nov. 9, 2022), American female reporter who busted into the locker room. In 1975, she was given permission to interview members of the New York Knicks following a basketball game. She was born in Manhattan, New York. She died of traumatic brain injury due to a series of falls. She died at age 75.
1941 ~ Stephen Jay Gould (d. May 20, 2002), American paleontologist. He was born in Queens, New York. He died of cancer at age 60 in Manhattan, New York.
1937 ~ Jared Diamond (né Jared Mason Diamond), American biologist and author. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
1935 ~ Mary Oliver (née Mary Jane Oliver; d. Jan. 17, 2019), American popular poet who found refuge in nature. She was born in Maple Heights, Ohio. She died of lymphoma at age 83 in Hobe Sound, Florida.
1934 ~ Roger Maris (né Roger Eugene Maris; d. Dec. 14, 1985), American professional baseball player. He was born in Hibbing, Minnesota. He died of Hodgkin’s lymphoma at age 51 in Houston, Texas.
1934 ~ Charles Kuralt (né Charles Bishop Kuralt; d. July 4, 1997), American television journalist. After his death, it was learned that he had a second, shadow family, while married to his first wife. He was born in Wilmington, North Carolina. He died at age 62 in Manhattan, New York.
1933 ~ Karl Lagerfeld (né Karl Otto Lagerfeld; d. Feb. 19, 2019), German fashion designer who revitalized luxury fashion. He was born in Hamburg, Germany. He died at age 85 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
1931 ~ Philip Baker Hall (d. June 12, 2022), American actor best known for his role as Lieutenant Bookman, the library cop on Seinfeld. He was born in Toledo, Ohio. He died of emphysema at age 90 in Glendale, California.
1929 ~ Arnold Palmer (né Arnold Daniel Palmer; d. Sept. 25, 2016), American professional champion golfer who helped bring the sport to the masses. He was born in Latrobe, Pennsylvania. He died 15 days after his 87th birthday in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
1918 ~ Rin Tin Tin (d. Aug. 10, 1932), German Shepherd dog adopted from a World War I battlefield. The dog ultimately starred in movies about a dog named Rin Tin Tin. The dog died almost 14 years after it was born, in August 1932.
1907 ~ Dorothy Hill (d. Apr. 23, 1997), Australian geologist and paleontologist. She was the first female professor at an Australian university. She was employed at Queensland University. She is best known for her work on coral faunas. She was born and died in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. She died at age 89.
1903 ~ Cyril Connolly (né Cyril Vernon Connolly; d. Nov. 26, 1974), British literary critic. He was born in Coventry, England. He died at age 71 in London, England.
1896 ~ Adele Astaire, Lady Charles Cavendish (née Adele Marie Austerlitz, d. Jan. 25, 1981), American dancer and elder sister of Fred Astaire. She was born in Omaha, Nebraska. She died at age 84 in Scottsdale, Arizona.
1892 ~ Arthur Compton (né Arthur Holly Compton; b. Mar. 15, 1962), American physicist and recipient of the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Wooster, Ohio. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 69 in Berkeley, California.
1890 ~ Elsa Schiaparelli (née Elsa Luisa Maria Schiaparelli; d. Nov. 13, 1973), Italian fashion designer. She was born in Rome, Italy. She died at age 83 in Paris, France.
1886 ~ Hilda Doolittle (d. Sept. 27, 1961), American poet and novelist. She published her works under the initials H.D. She was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. She died 17 days after her 75th birthday in Zurich, Switzerland.
1860 ~ Marianne von Werfkin (né Marianna Wladimirowna Werewkina; d. Feb. 6, 1938), Russian-born Swiss artist. She died at age 77.
1839 ~ Isaac K. Funk (né Isaac Kaufmann Funk, d. Apr. 4, 1912), American lexicographer and publisher. He was a co-founder of Funk and Wagnalls. He was also a Lutheran minister. He was born in Clifton, Ohio. He died at age 72 in Montclair, New Jersey.
1839 ~ Charles Sanders Peirce (d. Apr. 19, 1914), American philosopher and mathematician. He was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He died at age 74 in Milford, Pennsylvania.
1794 ~ Marie Laveau (née Marie Catherine Laveau; d. June 15, 1881), Louisiana Creole practitioner of VooDoo in New Orleans. She was born and died in New Orleans, Louisiana. She died at age 86.
1787 ~ John J. Crittenden (né John Jordan Crittenden, d. July 26, 1863), 15th and 22nd United States Attorney General. He served his first term during the William Henry Harrison and John Tyler administrations, from March 1841 until September 1841. He was Attorney General under President Millard Fillmore from July 1850 to March 1853. He was born in Versailles, Kentucky. He died at age 75 in Frankfort, Kentucky.
1786 ~ Nicolás Bravo (d. Apr. 22, 1854), President of Mexico. He died at age 67.
1753 ~ Sir John Soane (d. Jan. 20, 1837), English architect. He died at age 83 in London, England.
1721 ~ Peyton Randolph (d. Oct. 22, 1775), Early American and 1st President of the Continental Congress. He served from September 1774 until October 1774. He served a second term, and 3rd President, from May 10, 1775 until May 24, 1775. He was born in Williamsburg, Colony of Virginia, British America. He died at age 54 in Philadelphia, Colony of Pennsylvania, British America.
1659 ~ Henry Purcell (d. Nov. 21, 1695), English composer. He was born and died in London, England. He died of tuberculosis at age 36.
1638 ~ Infante Maria Theresa of Spain and Portugal (d. July 30, 1683), Queen consort of France and first wife of Louis XVI, King of France (1638 ~ 1715). She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Philip IV, King of Spain and Elisabeth of France. She died at age 44.
1487 ~ Pope Julius III (né Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, d. Mar. 23, 1555). He served as Pope from February 1550 until his death on this date 5 years later. He died at age 67.
1423 ~ Eleanor, Princess of Asturias (d. Aug. 22, 1425), Spanish princess. She was of the House of Trastámara. She was the daughter of John II, King of Castile and Maria of Aragon. She was Roman Catholic. She died a month before her 2ndbirthday.
920 ~ Louis IV, King of France (d. 954). He ruled West Francia from 936 until his death in 954. He was married to Gerberga of Saxony. He was of the House of Carolingian. He was the son of Charles III, King of West Francia (known as Charles the Simple) and Eadgifu of Wessex. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been born and died on September 10, at age 33 or 34.
904 ~ Gui Wei (d. Feb. 22, 954), Chinese emperor during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He had been a military officer who staged a coup and declared himself the first Chinese Emperor of the Later Zhou Dynasty. He died of an illness at age 49.
Events that Changed the World:
2018 ~ Rosh Hashanah.
2017 ~ Hurricane Irma made landfall in Florida. The hurricane had torn through the Caribbean as a Category 5 storm and caused massive damage. The hurricane hit the Florida Keys as a Category 4 storm. The storm retained hurricane strength for 11 days, including 3 as a Cat 5 storm. At least 130 people were killed in the storm, including 30 in the United States. The storm formed on August 30, 2017 and dissipated on September 14, 2017.
2008 ~ The Large Hadron Collider at CERN was powered up in Geneva, Switzerland.
2003 ~ Anna Lindh (1957 ~ 2003), the foreign minister of Sweden, was stabbed while shopping. She died at age 53 the following day from her injuries.
2002 ~ Switzerland joined the United Nations.
1967 ~ The people of Gibraltar voted to remain British subjects as opposed to joining and becoming a part of Spain.
1955 ~ The western television series Gunsmoke premiered on CBS. The show ran through March 31, 1975.
1946 ~ While on a train to Darjeeling, India, Sister Teresa Bojaxhiu of the Loreto Sisters’ Convent decided to leave the convent and live among the poor. She would be known to the world as Mother Teresa (1910 ~ 1997).
1939 ~ Canada declared war on Nazi Germany, joining France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia.
1898 ~ Elisabeth, Empress consort of Austria (1837 ~ 1898) was assassinated in Switzerland.
1897 ~ George Smith, a 25-year-old London cab driver, was the first person to be arrested for drunk driving. He was arrested after slamming into a building.
1846 ~ Elias Howe (1819 ~ 1867) was granted a patent for the sewing machine.
1823 ~ Simón Bolívar (1783 ~ 1830) was named the President of Peru.
1813 ~ The United States defeated the British at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812.
1776 ~ Nathan Hale (1755 ~ 1776) volunteered to spy for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He was caught and hanged as a traitor 12 days later, on September 22, 1776 at age 21.
1515 ~ Thomas Wolsey (1473 ~ 1530) became a Cardinal in the Catholic Church.
1509 ~ A massive earthquake struck Constantinople. This earthquake became known as The Lesser Judgment Day.
Good-Byes:
2020 ~ Diana Rigg (née Enid Diana Elizabeth Rigg; b. July 20, 1938), English actress. She is best known for her role as Emma Peel in The Avengers. She died of lung cancer in London, England at age 82.
2017 ~ Nancy Hatch Dupree (née Nancy Hatch; b. Oct. 3, 1927), American-Afghan historian who became “Afghanistan’s grandmother”. Her work focused mainly on the history of modern Afghanistan. She was born in Cooperstown, New York. She died at age 89 in Kabul, Afghanistan.
2015 ~ Norman Farberow (né Norman Louis Faberow; b. Feb. 12, 1918), American psychologist who worked to save the suicidal. He was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. He was 97 years old in Los Angeles, California.
2014 ~ Richard Kiel (né Richard Dawson Kiel, b. Sept. 13, 1939), American gentle giant who became a Bond villain. He was the seven-foot-two actor who was best known for his role as Jaws in the 1977 James Bond movie, The Spy Who Loved Me. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He died of a heart attack three days before his 75th birthday in Fresno, California.
2014 ~ Edward Nelson (b. May 4, 1932), American mathematician. He is best known for his work in mathematical physics. He was born in Decatur, Georgia. He died at age 82 in Princeton, New Jersey.
2012 ~ Edwin P. Wilson (né Edwin Paul Wilson; b. May 3, 1928), American CIA agent who was convicted in 1983 for selling arms to Libya. It was later discovered that the Department of Justice had covered up evidence, and his conviction was overturned. He was freed in 2004. He was born in Nampa, Idaho. He died at age 84 in Seattle, Washington.
2011 ~ Cliff Robertson (né Clifford Parker Robertson, III, b. Sept. 9, 1923), American Oscar-winning actor snubbed by Hollywood. His acting career lost momentum in 1977 after he blew the whistle on a high-level check fraud going on at a top movie studio. He was born in La Jolla, California. He died 1 day after his 88th birthday in Stony Brook, New York.
2008 ~ Ruedi Rymann (né Rudolf Rymann; b. Jan. 31, 1933), Swiss yodeler who was a national icon. He died at age 75.
2007 ~ Dame Anita Roddick (née Anita Lucia Perelli; b. Oct. 23, 1942), English businesswoman and environmentalist. She was founder of The Body Shop. She died of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 64.
2007 ~ Jane Wyman (née Sarah Jane Mayfield, b. Jan. 5, 1917), American actress and first wife of President Ronald Reagan. She was born in St. Joseph, Missouri. She died at age 90 in Rancho Mirage, California.
2005 ~ Gatemouth Brown (né Clarence Brown, Jr.; b. Apr. 18, 1924), American singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was born in Vinton, Louisiana. He died at age 81 in Orange, Texas.
2005 ~ Sir Hermann Bondi (d. Nov. 1, 1919), Austrian mathematician. He left Austria in 1937 to escape the Nazis. He was born in Vienna, Austria. He died at age 85 in Cambridge, England.
2004 ~ Brock Adams (né Brockman Adams; b. Jan. 13, 1927), 5th United States Secretary of Transportation. He served under President Jimmy Carter from January 1977 until July 1979. He subsequently went on to serve as a United States Senator from the State of Washington. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He died of complications of Parkinson’s disease at age 77 in Stevensville, Maryland.
1983 ~ Felix Bloch (b. Oct. 23, 1905), Swiss-American physicist and recipient of the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born and died in Zurich, Switzerland. He died at age 77.
1983 ~ Norah Lofts (née Norah Ethel Robinson; b. Aug. 27, 1904), British author of historical romantic novels. She died about 2 weeks after her 79th birthday.
1976 ~ Dalton Trumbo (né James Dalton Trumbo, b. Dec. 9, 1905), American screenwriter and novelist. He was born in Montrose, Colorado. He died of a heart attack at age 70 in Los Angeles, California. His life story was in the 2015 film, Trumbo, which starred Bryan Cranston.
1975 ~ Sir George Paget Thomson (b. May 3, 1892), English physicist and recipient of the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Cambridge, England. He died at age 83.
1966 ~ Emil Julius Gumbel (b. July 18, 1891), German mathematician. The Nazi regime forced him to flee Germany. He first moved to France, then in 1940, immigrated to the United States. He was born in Munich, Germany. He died at age 75 in New York, New York.
1960 ~ Edith Nourse Rogers (b. Mar. 19, 1881), American social worker and politician. She was the first woman from Massachusetts to serve in Congress. She served in the House of Representatives from June 1925 until her death on September 1960. She was born in Saco, Maine and died in Boston, Massachusetts. She died at age 79.
1949 ~ Wiley Blount Rutledge, Jr. (b. July 20, 1894), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He replaced James F. Byrnes on the Court. He was succeeded by Sherman Minton. He served on the Court from February 1943 until his death 17 months later. He was born in Cloverport, Kentucky. He is known for his impassioned defenses of civil liberties. He died while on vacation in York, Maine. He suffered a stroke while driving and died 2 weeks later. He was 55 years old.
1948 ~ Ferdinand I, Tsar of Bulgaria (b. Feb. 26, 1861). He ruled Bulgaria from October 1908 until October 1918. He married several times. His first wife was Princess Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma (1870 ~ 1899). They married in 1893. They were the parents of Boris III, Tsar of Bulgaria. She died in childbirth in 1899. After her death, he married Princess Eleonore Reuss of Köstritz (1860 ~ 1917). They married in 1908. His third wife was Alžbeta Brezáková (2015), whom he married in 1947, a year before his death. He was 86 and his third wife was 26 at the time of their marriage. He was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. He was the son of Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Princess Clémentine of Orléans. He died at age 87.
1935 ~ Huey P. Long (né Huey Pierce Long, Jr., b. Aug. 30, 1893), 40th Governor of Louisiana. He was also a United States Senator. He was assassinated in the Louisiana Capital building in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in 1935. He was born in Winnfield, Louisiana. He was killed 11 days after his 42nd birthday.
1931 ~ Dmitri Egorov (b. Dec. 22, 1869), Russian mathematician. He was born in Moscow, Russia. He died at age 61.
1910 ~ Heinrich Caro (b. Feb. 13, 1834), Polish-German chemist. He was of Sephardic descent. He died at age 76 in Dresden, German Empire.
1898 ~ Elizabeth of Austria (b. Dec. 24, 1837), Empress consort and wife of Franz Joseph I of Austria. Before she married, she was known as Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria. She was of the House of Wittelsbach. She was the daughter of Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria. She was assassinated at age 60 in Geneva, Switzerland. Her life story is told in the historical novel, Sisi: Empress on Her Own, by Allison Pataki.
1889 ~ Charles III, Prince of Monaco (né Charles Honoré Grimaldi; b. Dec. 8, 1818), founder of the Monte Carlo casino. He was married to Antoinette de Mérode. He was of the House of Grimaldi. He was the son of Florestan, Prince of Monaco and Maria Caroline Gilbert de Lametz. He was born in Paris, France. He died at age 70 in Château de Marchais.
1851 ~ Reverend Thomas H. Gallaudet (né Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, b. Dec. 10, 1787), American educator for the deaf. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 63 in Hartford, Connecticut.
1845 ~ Joseph Story (b. Sept. 18, 1779), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President James Madison. He was 32 years old at the time of his appointment to the Court. He replaced William Cushing on the Court and was succeeded by Levi Woodbury. He served on the Court from November 1812 until his death 33 years later at age 65. He was born in Marblehead, Massachusetts. He died 8 days before his 66th birthday in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1842 ~ Letitia Tyler (née Letitia Christian; b. Nov. 12, 1790), First Lady of the United States and first wife of President John Tyler. She was born in Cedar Grove, Virginia. She died in Washington, D.C., at age 51 while her husband was in Office, thereby becoming the first wife of a President to die while in office.
1797 ~ Mary Wollstonecraft (b. Apr. 27, 1759), English author and early feminist, best known for her book, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. She was the mother of novelist Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. She was born and died in London, England. She died at age 38 of complications following childbirth.
1749 ~ Émilie du Châtelet (née Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil, Marquise du Châtelet, b. Dec. 17, 1706), French mathematician, physicist, and author during the Age of Enlightenment. She was born in Paris, France. She died at age 42 of complications of childbirth a week after having given birth to her third child.
1732 ~ Jacques d’Allonville (né Jacques Eugene d’Allonville; b. July 14, 1671), French mathematician and astronomer. The crater Louville on the moon is named in his honor. He died at age 61.
1669 ~ Princess Henrietta Maria of France (b. Nov. 25, 1609), Queen consort of England and Scotland. She was the wife of Charles I, King of England and Scotland. They married in 1625. She was the mother of Charles II, King of England. She was of the House of Bourbon. She was the daughter of Henry IV, King of France and Marie de’Medici. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 59.
1504 ~ Philbert II, Duke of Savoy (b. Apr. 10, 1480), second husband of Archduchess Margaret of Austria. They married in 1501. He had previously been married to Yolande Louise of Savoy. He was of the House of Savoy. He was the son of Philip II, Duke of Savoy and Marguerite of Bourbon. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 24.
1382 ~ Louis I, King of Hungary (b. Mar. 5, 1326). He was known as Louis the Great. He was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1342 until his death 40 years later. He was married twice. His first wife was Margaret of Bohemia (1335 ~ 1349). His second wife was Elizabeth of Bosnia (1339 ~ 1387). He was of the House of Anjou. He was the son of Charles I, King of Hungary and Elizabeth of Poland. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 56.
1167 ~ Matilda of England, Holy Roman Empress (b. Feb. 7, 1102). She was also known as Empress Maude. Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (1081 ~ 1125) was her first husband. They married in 1114. After his death, she married Geoffrey V, Count of Angou (1113 ~ 1151) in 1128. They were the parents of Henry II, King of England. She was of the House of Normandy. She was the daughter of Henry I, King of England and Matilda of Scotland. She died at age 65.
954 ~ Louis IV, King of France (d. 920). He ruled West Francia from 936 until his death in 954. He was married to Gerberga of Saxony. He was of the House of Carolingian. He was the son of Charles III, King of West Francia (known as Charles the Simple) and Eadgifu of Wessex. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been born and died on September 10, at age 33 or 34.
210 BCE ~ Qin Shi Huang (b. Feb. 18, 259 BCE), Chinese Emperor and founder of the Qin Dynasty. He was the first emperor of a unified China. He died at age 49.
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