Birthdays:
1967 ~ Anna Nicole Smith (née Vickie Lynn Hogan; d. Feb. 8, 2007), American model, entertainer and television personality. She died of a drug overdose at age 39.
1962 ~ Jon Stewart (né Jonathan Stuart Leibowitz), American comedian and host of The Daily Show.
1959 ~ Judd Nelson (né Judd Asher Nelson), American actor. He was born in Portland, Maine.
1952 ~ S. Epatha Merkerson (née Sharon Epatha Merkerson), American actress. She is best known for her role as Anita Van Buren on Law and Order.
1950 ~ Ed Harris (né Edward Allen Harris), American actor.
1950 ~ Russell Alan Hulse, American physicist, astronomer and recipient of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics.
1949 ~ Alexander Godunov (d. May 18, 1995), Russian ballet dancer. He died at age 45.
1949 ~ Paul Shaffer (né Paul Allen Wood Shaffer), Canadian-American orchestra leader for David Letterman.
1944 ~ Rita Mae Brown, American author.
1943 ~ Massimo Tamburini (d. Apr. 6, 2014), Italian designer who made motorbikes into high art. He died of lung cancer at age 70.
1943 ~ Randy Newman (né Randall Stuart Newman), American composer.
1936 ~ Gary Hart (né Gary Warren Hartpence), United States Senator from Colorado. He served in the Senate from January 1975 until January 1987. He was the front runner in the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination until his run was sidelined over allegations with an extramarital affair with Donna Rice.
1929 ~ Berry Gordy, Jr. (né Berry Gordon, III), American songwriter and founder of Motown Records.
1908 ~ Claude Levi-Strauss (d. Oct. 30, 2009), French anthropologist and scholar who changed the study of humanity. He died 29 days before his 101st birthday.
1904 ~ Nancy Mitford (d. June 30, 1973), British novelist. She died at age 68.
1903 ~ Gladys O’Connor (d. Feb. 21, 2012), Canadian actress. She died at age 108.
1866 ~ Henry Bacon (d. Feb. 16, 1924), American architect who designed the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. He died of cancer at age 57.
1864 ~ Lindley Garrison (né Lindley Miller Garrison; d. Oct. 19, 1932), 46th United States Secretary of War. He served under President Woodrow Wilson from March 1913 until February 1916. He died at age 67.
1853 ~ Helen Magill White (née Helen Magill; d. October 28, 1944), first American woman to earn a Ph.D. She earned her degree in Greek in 1877 from Boston University. She died a month before her 91st birthday in Kittery Point, Maine.
1829 ~ Anton Rubinstein (d. Nov. 20, 1894), Russian pianist and composer. He died 8 days before his 65th birthday.
1820 ~ Friedrich Engels (d. Aug. 5, 1895), German philosopher. He died at age 74.
1757 ~ William Blake (d. Aug. 12, 1827), English poet. He died at age 69.
1700 ~ Reverend Nathaniel Bliss (b. Sept. 2, 1764), British astronomer, mathematician, and clergyman. He died at age 63.
1592 ~ Hong Taiji (d. Sept. 21, 1643), 2nd Chinese Emperor of the Qing dynasty. He reigned from October 1626 until his death 21 years later. He died at age 50.
1489 ~ Margaret Tudor (d. Oct. 18, 1541), Queen consort of Scots and English wife of King James IV of Scotland. She died at age 51.
1470 ~ Wen Zhengming (d. 1559), leading painter, calligrapher, poet and scholar during the Ming dynasty. The exact date of his death is not known. He died at age 88.
1293 ~ Yesün Temür (d. Aug. 15, 1328), Chinese and Mongol emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. He ruled from October 1323 until his death 5 years later. He was the great-grandson of Kublai Khan. He died at age 34.
Events that Changed the World:
2019 ~ Thanksgiving was observed in the United States.
2013 ~ Thanksgivukkah, when the American Thanksgiving Day and Chanukkah coincided.
2013 ~ A moderate 5.6 earthquake struck in Iran.
2010 ~ Wikileaks released more than 250,000 United States diplomatic cables, including many considered confidential.
2002 ~ Suicide bombers blew up an Israeli-owned hotel in Mombasa, Kenya.
2002 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.
1990 ~ British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (1925 ~ 2013) resigned as leader of the Conservative Party. She was succeeded by John Major (b. 1943) as leader of the Conservative Party and as Prime Minister.
1989 ~ The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia agreed to give up its monopoly on political power after numerous protests during the Velvet Revolution.
1975 ~ East Timor declared its independence from Portugal.
1960 ~ Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, gained its independence.
1943 ~ The Tehran Conference was started, which was the first meeting of the primary Allied leaders, including President Franklin Roosevelt (1882 ~ 1945), Winston Churchill (1874 ~ 1965), and Joseph Stalin (1878 ~ 1953), to discuss war strategy during World War II. The conference lasted for several days, ending on December 1, 1943.
1942 ~ A fire at the Cocoanut Grove nightclub in Boston, Massachusetts killed over 490 people.
1925 ~ The Grand Ole began broadcasting in Nashville, Tennessee.
1919 ~ American-born Nancy Witcher Langhorne Astor, Viscountess Astor (1879 ~ 1964) was elected as a Member of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. She was the first woman to sit in the House of Commons. She would take office on December 1, 1919.
1912 ~ Albania declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire.
1908 ~ A mine explosion in Marianna, Pennsylvania killed 154 individuals.
1907 ~ Louis B. Meyer (1884 ~ 1957) opened his first movie theater in Haverhill, Massachusetts.
1895 ~ The first American automobile race took place between Jackson Park in Chicago to Evanston, Illinois. Frank Duryea (1869 ~ 1967), the winner, completed the 54-mile race after approximately 10 hours.
1893 ~ Women were allowed to vote for the first time in the New Zealand general election.
1814 ~ The London Times began using the automatic, steam-powered printing press, thereby, allowing newspapers to be published and available to a mass audience.
1582 ~ William Shakespeare (1564 ~ 1616) and Anne Hathaway (1555 ~ 1623) paid a bond for their marriage license.
1520 ~ Three ships under the command of Ferdinand Magellan (1480 ~ 1521) crossed through what would become known as the Strait of Magellan, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. They were the first Europeans to sail from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
936 ~ Shi Jingtang (892 ~ 942) became the first emperor of China’s short-lived Later Jin during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
Good-Byes:
2016 ~ Grant Tinker (né Grant Almerin Tinker; b. Jan. 11, 1925), American television producer. His second wife was Mary Tyler Moore. He died at age 90.
2010 ~ Leslie Nielsen (né Leslie William Nielsen; b. Feb. 11, 1926), Canadian-born American dramatic actor who bloomed into a dolt. He became well known after the success of Airplane! He died of pneumonia at age 84.
1994 ~ Jeffrey Dahmer (né Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer, b. May 21, 1960), American serial killer. He was beaten to death in prison at age 34.
1994 ~ Jerry Rubin (né Jerry Clyde Rubin; b. July 14, 1938), American political activist. He died at age 56 of injuries sustained after having been struck by a vehicle while crossing a street.
1993 ~ Garry Moore (né Thomas Garrison Morfit, III; b. Jan. 31, 1915), American game show host. He died of throat cancer at age 78.
1980 ~ Nachum Gutman (b. Oct. 15, 1898), Israeli painter and sculptor. He died at age 82.
1976 ~ Rosalind Russell (née Catherine Rosalind Russell, b. June 4, 1907), American actress. She was born in Waterbury, Connecticut. She died at age 69 of breast cancer.
1970 ~ Nina Ricci (née Maria Adélaude Nielli, b. Jan. 12, 1883), Italian-born French fashion designer. She died at age 87.
1969 ~ Elbert Frank Cox (b. Dec. 5, 1895), American mathematician. He was the first African-American to receive a Ph.D. in mathematics. He died 8 days before his 74th birthday.
1962 ~ Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands (b. Aug. 31, 1880). She became queen at age 10, when her father, King William III, died. She was Queen from November 1890 until she abdicated in favor of her daughter, Juliana, in 1948. She died at age 82.
1960 ~ Richard Wright (né Richard Nathaniel Wright, b. Sept. 4, 1908), African-American author who wrote about race relations. He is best known for his book, Native Son. He died of a heart attack at age 52.
1954 ~ Enrico Fermi (b. Sept. 29, 1901), Italian American nuclear physicist and recipient of the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on nuclear processes. He is best known for the development of the first nuclear reactor. Fermium, a synthetic element created in 1952, was named after Fermi. He died at age 53 of stomach cancer.
1945 ~ Dwight F. Davis, Sr. (né Dwight Filley Davis, b. July 5, 1879), 49th United States Secretary of War. He served under President Calvin Coolidge from October 1925 until March 1929. He was also an American tennis player and is remembered today for founding the Davis Cup in tennis. He died at age 66.
1939 ~ James Naismith (b. Nov. 6, 1861), Canadian-American physician. He is credited with inventing the game of modern basketball. He died 22 days after his 78th birthday.
1876 ~ Karl Ernst von Baer (b. Feb. 28, 1792), German biologist. He died at age 84.
1873 ~ Caterina Scarpellini (b. Oct. 29, 1808), Italian astronomer and meteorologist. One of the craters of Venus is named in her honor. She died a month after her 65th birthday.
1859 ~ Washington Irving (b. Apr. 3, 1783), American writer. He is best known for his Rip Van Winkle short stories. He died at age 76.
1794 ~ Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben (b. Sept. 17, 1730), Prussian solder who served as an American General in the American Revolution. He died at age 64.
1499 ~ Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick (b. Feb. 25, 1475), last male member of the House of York. He was beheaded at age 24 on grounds of treason.
1290 ~ Eleanor of Castile (b. 1241), Queen consort of England and first wife of King Edward I of England. The exact date of her birth is not known. She is believed to have been about 49 years old at the time of her death.
1170 ~ Owain Gwynedd (b. 1080), Welsh king. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 69 or 70 at the time of his death.
939 ~ Lady Ma (b. 890), Chinese noblewoman and wife of Qian Yuanguan, second king of the Chinese state of Wuyue of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdom period. The exact date of her birth is unknown.
741 ~ Pope Gregory III (né Gregorius). He was Pope from February 11, 731 until his death on this date 10 years later. The date of his birth is not known.
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