Birthdays:
1992 ~ Teddy Bridgewater (né Theodore Bridgewater, Jr.), American football player and quarterback for the New Orleans Saints.
1972 ~ Shawn Green (né Shawn David Green), American baseball player best known for refusing to play baseball during Yom Kippur.
1968 ~ Tracy Morgan (né Tracy Jamal Morgan), American comedian.
1960 ~ Neil Gaiman (né Neil Richard MacKinnon Gaiman), English author of short fiction and graphic novels.
1953 ~ Les Miles (né Leslie Edwin Miles), American football player and former coach at the Louisiana State University from 2005 until 2016.
1952 ~ Gerry DiNardo (né Gerald Paul DiNardo), American football player and former coach at the Louisiana State University from 1995 to 1999.
1944 ~ Sir Tim Rice (né Timothy Miles Bindon Rice), English songwriter. He collaborated with Andrew Weber on a number of musicals, including Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat and Evita.
1942 ~ Robert F. Engle (né Robert Fry Engle, III), American economist and recipient of the 2003 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.
1939 ~ Russell Means (né Russell Charles Means; d. Oct. 22, 2012), Native American rabble-rouser who fought for American Indians. He died of esophageal cancer 18 days before his 73rd birthday.
1932 ~ Roy Scheider (né Roy Richard Scheider; d. Feb. 10, 2008), American actor, best known for his role in Jaws. He died of multiple myeloma at age 75.
1931 ~ Lilly Pulitzer (née Lillian Lee McKim; d. Apr. 7, 2013), American fashion designer. She died at age 81.
1925 ~ Richard Burton (né Richard Walter Jenkins, Jr.; d. Aug. 5, 1984), Welsh actor and twice the husband of Elizabeth Taylor. He died at age 58 of a brain hemorrhage.
1919 ~ Mikhail Kalashnikov (d. Dec. 23, 2013), Russian general and weapons designer. He designed the AK-47. He died at age 94.
1918 ~ Ernest Otto Fischer (d. July 23, 2007), German chemist and recipient of the 1973 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. He died at age 88.
1897 ~ Charlotte Winters (née Charlotte Louise Berry; d. Mar. 27, 2007), American veteran, and last surviving female veteran, of World War I. She joined the Navy in 1917. She died at age 109.
1895 ~ John K. Northrop (né John Knudsen Northrop; d. Feb. 18, 1981), American airplane manufacturer and founder of the Northrop Corporation. He died at age 85.
1893 ~ John P. Marquand (né John Phillips Marquand; d. July 16, 1960), American novelist, best known for his novel, The Late George Apley. He died at age 66.
1889 ~ Claude Rains (né William Claude Rains; d. May 30, 1967), English actor. He is best known for his role in Casablanca. He died of an abdominal hemorrhage in Laconia, New Hampshire at age 77.
1887 ~ Elsia Leonida Zamfirescu (née Elsia Leonida; d. Nov. 25, 1973), Romanian engineer. She was one of the first women to earn a degree in engineering. She was also an activist for disarmament. She died 15 days after her 86thbirthday.
1879 ~ Vachel Lindsay (né Nicholas Vachel Lindsay, d. Dec. 5, 1931), American poet. He died by suicide 25 days after his 52nd birthday.
1810 ~ George Jennings (d. Apr. 17, 1882), English engineer and plumber. He invented the flush toilet. He died at age 71.
1801 ~ Samuel Howe (né Samuel Gridley Howe; d. Jan. 9, 1876), American physician, abolitionist and activist for the blind. He was married to Julia Ward Howe, who wrote The Battle Hymn of the Republic. Howe was from Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 74.
1759 ~ Friedrich Schiller (né Johann Christian Friedrich von Schiller; d. May 9, 1805), German poet and historian. He died of tuberculosis at age 45.
1728 ~ Oliver Goldsmith (d. Apr. 4, 1774), Anglo-Irish novelist and playwright. He is best known for his play She Stoops to Conquer. He died at age 45.
1697 ~ William Hogarth (d. Oct. 26, 1764), British painter. He died about 2 weeks before his 67th birthday.
1483 ~ Martin Luther (d. Feb. 18, 1546), German monk and leader of the Protestant Reformation. He died at age 62.
1433 ~ Charles, Duke of Burgundy aka Charles the Bold (d. Jan. 5, 1477), was killed at the Battle of Nancy, thus Burgundy became a part of France. He died at age 43.
Events that Changed the World:
2017 ~ Veteran’s Day observed.
1989 ~ German citizens began to tear down the Berlin Wall.
1975 ~ The SS Edmund Fitzgerald sank during a storm on Lake Superior. All 29 crew members aboard perished. The wreck was memorialized in a song by Gordon Lightfoot.
1969 ~ Sesame Street made its television debut. It was originally broadcast on the National Educational Television, the predecessor to the Public Broadcasting Service. In January 2016, however, the show was moved to HBO.
1958 ~ Diamond merchant, Harry Winston (1896 ~ 1978), donated the Hope Diamond to the Smithsonian Institute.
1954 ~ The Iwo Jima memorial was dedicated, commemorating the Marines killed during World War II.
1951 ~ Direct-dial coast-to-coast telephone service began in the United States.
1942 ~ Germany invaded Vichy France during World War II.
1940 ~ The Vrancea earthquake struck Romania killing over 1,000 people.
1919 ~ The first national convention of the American Legion was held in Minneapolis.
1871 ~ Henry Morton Stanley (1841 ~ 1904) found Dr. David Livingston (1813 ~ 1873) in Africa. Stanley is said to have greeted him with the words, “Dr. Livingston, I presume?”
1865 ~ Major Henry Wirz (1823 ~ 1865), a confederate soldier and superintendent of the Prisoner of War Camp for Union soldiers in Andersonville, Georgia was hanged. He was tried and executed for conspiracy and murder relating to his command of the camp.
1775 ~ The United States Marine Corp was founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia by Samuel Nicholas (1744 ~ 1790).
1766 ~ William Franklin (1731 ~ 1813), the last colonial governor of New Jersey, signed the charter for Queen’s College. This school is now known as Rutgers University.
1674 ~ In accordance with the Treaty of Westminister, the Netherlands ceded New Netherland to England.
Good-Byes:
2015 ~ Allen Toussaint (b. Jan. 14, 1938), American jazz musician. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He died of a heart attack shortly after giving a concert in Madrid, Spain. He was 77 years old.
2015 ~ Klaus Roth (né Klaus Friedrich Roth; b. Oct. 29, 1925), German mathematician. He was raised in the United Kingdom after his family moved there in 1933. He died 11 days after his 90th birthday.
2015 ~ Helmut Schmidt (né Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt; b. Dec. 23, 1918), 5th Chancellor of Germany. He died at age 96.
2014 ~ Dorian Paskowitz (b. Mar. 3, 1921), American physician gave up the practice of medicine to become a surfing icon. He died at age 93.
2010 ~ Dino De Laurentiis (né Agostine De Laurentiis; b. Aug. 8, 1919), Italian-born film producer who made classics and flops. Some of his films included The Silence of the Lambs, War and Peace and Barbarella. He died at age 91.
2008 ~ Kiyoshi Itō (b. Sept. 7, 1915), Japanese mathematician. He died at age 93.
2007 ~ Norman Mailer (né Norman Kingsley Mailer; b. Jan. 31, 1923), American author and journalist. He died at age 84.
2006 ~ Fokko du Cloux (b. Dec. 20, 1954), Dutch mathematician. He died at age 51 from ALS.
2006 ~ Jack Palance (né Volodymyr Oalahniuk; b. Feb. 18, 1919), American actor. He was born in Pennsylvania, the son of Ukrainian immigrants. He died at age 87.
2001 ~ Ken Kesey (né Kenneth Elton Kesey; b. Sept. 17, 1935), America author, best known for his novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. He died following complications from surgery at age 66.
1994 ~ Louis Nizer (b. Feb. 6, 1902), American trial attorney who represented many celebrities and high-profile cases. He died at age 92.
1992 ~ Chuck Connors (né Kevin Joseph Aloysius Connors; b. Apr. 10, 1921), American baseball player and actor. He is best known for his role in the television western, The Rifleman. He died of lung cancer at age 71.
1982 ~ Leonid Brezhnev (b. Dec. 19, 1906), General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. He served in that Office from October 1964 until his death in November 1981. He died at age 75.
1954 ~ Édouard Le Roy (né Édouard Louis Emmanuel Le Roy; b. June 18, 1870), French philosopher and mathematician. He died at age 83.
1938 ~ Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (b. May 19, 1881), 1st President of Turkey. He brought Turkey into modernity. He died at age 57 following a long illness.
1843 ~ John Trumbull (b. June 6, 1756), American painter. Much of his work was done during the period of the American Revolution. He died at age 87.
1549 ~ Pope Paul III (né Alessandro Farnese; b. Feb. 29, 1468). He was Pope from October 13, 1534 until his death on this date 15 years later. He became Pope following the sack of Rome in 1527. During his reign, he initiated the Counter-Reformation. He was also a patron of the artists, including Michelangelo. He died at age 81.
1444 ~ King Władysław III of Poland (b. Oct. 31, 1424). He was killed in the Battle of Varna just 10 days after his 20th birthday.
1241 ~ Pope Celestine IV (né Goffredo da Castiglione). He was Pope from October 25, 1241 until his death about 2 weeks later. The date of his birth is not known.
461 ~ Pope Leo I (b. 400). He was Pope from September 29, 440 until his death 21 years later. He is also known as St. Leo the Great. The exact date of his birth is not known.
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