Birthdays:
1983 ~ Jesse Eisenberg, American actor.
1975 ~ Kate Winslet (née Kate Elizabeth Winslet), English actress.
1967 ~ Guy Pearce (né Guy Edward Pearce), English-Australian actor.
1959 ~ Maya Lin (née Maya Ying Lin), American architect and sculptor. She designed the Vietnam Veterans’ Memorial while still a student.
1958 ~ Neil deGrasse Tyson, African-American astrophysicist and author.
1957 ~ Bernie Mac (né Bernard Jeffrey McCullough; d. Aug. 9, 2008), American straight-talking comedian who specialized in crankiness. He died of complications of pneumonia at age 50.
1951 ~ Karen Allen (née Karen Jane Allen), American actress. She is best known for her role in Raiders of the Lost Ark.
1951 ~ Bob Geldof (né Robert Frederick Zenon Geldof), Irish singer and political activist. He was the frontman for the Boomtown Rats.
1941 ~ Eduardo Duhalde (né Eduardo Alberto Duhalde), President of Argentina. He served as President from January 2002 until May 2003.
1936 ~ Václav Havel (d. Dec. 18, 2011), Czech playwright who went on to lead the bloodless “Velvet Revolution” of Czechoslovakia. He was the 10th and last president of Czechoslovakia (from 1989 ~ 1992) and the first president of the Czech Republic (1993 ~ 2003). He died at age 75.
1930 ~ Reinhard Selten (né Reinhard Justus Reginald Selten; d. Aug. 23, 2016), German economist and recipient of the 1994 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He died at age 85.
1929 ~ Richard F. Gordon, Jr. (né Richard Francis Gordon, Jr.; d. Nov. 6, 2017), American astronaut who almost reached the moon. He was the Command Module pilot for Apollo 12. He had hoped to walk on the moon for the Apollo 18 flight, however, that flight was cancelled doe to budget cuts. He died a month after his 88th birthday.
1923 ~ Father Philip Berrigan (né Phillip Francis Berrigan; d. Dec. 6, 2002), American priest and civil rights activist. He died of cancer at age 79.
1923 ~ Glynis Johns, South-African actress. She is best known for her role as the mother in the movie, Mary Poppins.
1922 ~ Bil Keane (né William Aloysius Keane; d. Nov. 8, 2011), American cartoonist and chronicled family life with the creation of Family Circle. He died just a month after his 89th birthday.
1917 ~ Allen Ludden (né Allen Packard Ellsworth; d. June 9, 1981), American game show host and husband of Betty White. He died of stomach cancer at age 63.
1916 ~ Stetson Kennedy (né William Stetson Kennedy; d. Aug. 27, 2011), American writer who unmasked the Ku Klux Klan. He infiltrated the KKK and reported what he learned to journalists. His revelations were chronicled in his semi-fictional 1954 book I rode with the Ku Klux Klan. He died at age 94.
1902 ~ Larry Fine (né Louis Feinberg; d. Jan. 24, 1975), American actor and comedian. He was one of the original Three Stooges. He died of a stroke at age 72.
1902 ~ Ray Kroc (né Raymond Albert Kroc; d. Jan. 14, 1984), American fast food entrepreneur famous for founding McDonald’s. He was the subject of the 2016 movie Founder. He died of heart failure at age 81.
1898 ~ Nachum Gutman (d. Nov. 28, 1980), Israeli painter and sculptor. He died at age 82.
1887 ~ René Cassin (né René Samuel Cassin; d. Feb. 20, 1976), French judge and jurist. He was the recipient of the 1968 Nobel Peace Prize for his work in drafting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948. He died at age 88.
1882 ~ Robert H. Goddard (né Robert Hutchings Goddard; d. Aug. 10, 1945), American rocket scientist. He was born in Worcester, Massachusetts. He died of throat cancer at age 62.
1879 ~ Francis Peyton Rous (d. Feb. 16, 1970), American physician and virologist. He was the recipient of the 1966 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for is research in the discovery of the role some viruses have in the transmission of certain types of cancer. He died at age 90.
1864 ~ Louis Lumière (né Louis Jean Lumière; d. June 6, 1948), French movie director and film pioneer. He and his brother Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (1862 ~ 1954) are considered the first film directors. They patented the cinematograph. Louis died at age 83. August died at age 91.
1829 ~ Chester A. Arthur (né Chester Alan Arthur; d. Nov. 18, 1886), 21st President of the United States. He served as President beginning in September 1881, following the assassination of James A. Garfield, until March 1885. Prior to becoming President, he was serving as the 20th Vice President of the United States. He was born in Fairfield, Vermont. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 57.
1781 ~ Bernard Bolzano (d. Dec. 18, 1848), Bohemian priest and mathematician. He died at age 67.
1717 ~ Marie Anne de Mailly (d. Dec. 8, 1744), French mistress of King Louis XV of France. She died unexpectedly at age 27.
1703 ~ Jonathan Edwards (d. Mar. 22, 1758), American Congregationalist theologian on colonial America. He died at age 54.
1658 ~ Mary of Modena (d. May 7, 1718), wife of King James II of England. She died at age 59.
1641 ~ Françoise Athénaïs, Marquise de Montespan (d. May 27, 1707), French mistress of King Louis XIV of France. She died at age 66.
1409 ~ King Charles VIII of Sweden (d. May 14, 1470). He died at age 60.
Events that Changed the World:
2000 ~ Mass demonstrations in Belgrade, Serbia led to the resignation of Slovodan Milošević (1941 ~ 2006). These demonstrations are sometimes referred to as the Bulldozer Revolution. Milošević, who was known as The Butcher of the Balkans due to his alleged role in multiple massacres during the Balkan wars, was tried before the International Court of Justice and was found to have breached the Genocide Convention. He was found dead in his prison cell and it was determined that he died of a heart attack at age 64.
1982 ~ The pharmaceutical company, Johnson & Johnson, initiated a nationwide product recall after seven people in the Chicago area died after consuming Tylenol that had been laced with cyanide.
1970 ~ The Public Broadcasting System (PBS) was founded.
1969 ~ Monty Python’s Flying Circus made its debut on the BBC.
1968 ~ Police in Derry, Northern Ireland beat civil rights demonstrators. This is considered to mark the beginning of “The Troubles” or the Northern Ireland conflict between Protestants, who consider themselves British, and the Catholics, who consider themselves to be Irish.
1947 ~ President Harry Truman (1884 ~ 1972) gave the first televised White House address.
1943 ~ Ninety-eight American Prisoners-of-War were executed by Japanese forces on Wake Island during World War II.
1938 ~ Nazi Germany declared that the passports of all Jews were invalid. Any Jew needing a passport for emigration purposes was given one marked with the letter J for Jude, or Jew.
1921 ~ The baseball World Series was broadcast on the radio for the first time. The game was between the New York Yankees and the New York Giants.
1915 ~ Bulgaria entered World War I as one of the Central Powers, joining Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
1864 ~ The city of Calcutta, India was almost totally destroyed by a cyclone. Over 60,000 people were killed in the storm.
1857 ~ The city of Anaheim, California was founded.
1582 ~ Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, there was no October 5, 1582 in Italy, Poland, Portugal or Spain, the first countries to implement the new calendar.
1450 ~ Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria (1417 ~ 1479) ordered all Jews to be expelled from Lower Bavaria.
816 ~ King Louis the Pious (778 ~ 840) was crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. He was also known as Louis the Fair. The exact date of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been about 61 or 62 at the time of his death.
Good-Byes:
2017 ~ Nora Johnson (b. Jan. 31, 1933), American author who chronicled a Hollywood childhood. She is best known for her novel, The World of Henry Orient. She died at age 84 in Dallas, Texas.
2016 ~ Brock Yates (né Brock Wendel Yates; b. Oct. 21, 1933), American speed-loving writer who createdCannonball Run. He died 16 days before his 83rd birthday.
2016 ~ Michal Kováč (b. Aug. 5, 1930), 1st President of Slovakia. He served as President from March 1993 until March 1996. He died at age 86.
2015 ~ Henning Mankell (né Henning Georg Mankell; b. Feb. 3, 1948), Swedish author, known for his novel, A Treacherous Paradise. He died of cancer at age 67.
2014 ~ Geoffrey Holder (né Geoffrey Lamont Holder; b. Aug. 1, 1930), Trinidadian-American actor and dancer who excelled across art forms. He died at age 84.
2011 ~ Steve Jobs (né Steven Paul Jobs; b. Feb. 24, 1955), American visionary who transformed modern technology. He was a co-founder of Apple, Inc. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 56.
2009 ~ Israel Gelfand (b. Sept. 2, 1913), Russian-born mathematician who could not be contained. He made significant contributions to many fields of mathematics, including group theory and functional analysis. He died about a month after his 96th birthday.
2004 ~ Rodney Dangerfield (né Jacob Rodney Cohen; b. Nov. 22, 1921), American comedian and actor. He died at age 82.
2004 ~ Maurice Wilkins (né Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins; b. Dec. 15, 1916), New Zealand-born physicist and recipient of the 1962 Nobel Prize in 1916 or Medicine. He died at age 87.
1986 ~ James H. Wilkinson (né James Hardy Wilkinson; b. Sept. 27, 1919), American mathematician. He died 8 days after his 67th birthday.
1985 ~ Karl Menger (b. Jan. 13, 1902), Austrian mathematician from the Vienna Circle. He died at age 83.
1985 ~ Harald Cramér (b. Sept. 25, 1893), Swedish mathematician. He died 10 days after his 92nd birthday.
1983 ~ Earl Tupper (né Earl Silas Tupper; b. July 28, 1907), American inventor of Tupperware. He was born in Berlin, New Hampshire. He died at age 76.
1976 ~ Lars Onsager (b. Nov. 27, 1903), Norwegian chemist and recipient of the 1968 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. He died of an aneurysm at age 72.
1969 ~ Harry Emerson Fosdick (b. May 24, 1878), American pastor. He was one of the most liberal religious leader in the early 20th century. He was also an anti-Zionist. He died at age 91.
1950 ~ Dudley Field Malone (b. June 3, 1882), American attorney and political activist. He died at age 68.
1943 ~ Leon Roppolo (né Leon Joseph Roppolo; b. Mar. 16, 1902), American clarinet player and member of the New Orleans Rhythm Kings. He died at age 41 in New Orleans.
1942 ~ Dorothea Klumpke Roberts (née Dorothea Klumpke; b. Aug. 9, 1861), American astronomer. She died at age 81.
1941 ~ Louis Brandeis (b. Nov. 13, 1856), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Woodrow Wilson. He served on the Court from June 1916 until February 1939. He replaced Joseph Lamar on the Court. He was succeeded by William Douglas. Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts is named in his honor. He died at age 84.
1927 ~ Sam Warner (né Schmuel Wonsal; b. Aug. 10, 1887), Polish-born American film producer and co-founder, along with his brothers Harry (1881 ~ 1958), Albert (1884 ~ 1967) and Jack Warner (1892 ~ 1978), of Warner Brothers. He died at age 40 of a massive infection stemming from several abscessed teeth.
1899 ~ James Harlan (b. Aug. 26, 1820), 8th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Andrew Johnson from May 1865 until August 1866. He died at age 79.
1887 ~ William B. Washburn (né William Barrett Washburn; b. Jan. 31, 1820), 28th Governor of Massachusetts. He was Governor from January 1872 until April 1874, when he became a United States Senator following the death of Charles Sumner. He died at age 67.
1880 ~ Jacques Offenbach (b. June 20, 1819), German-born French composer. He died at age 61.
1818 ~ Nancy Hanks Lincoln (née Nancy Hanks; b. Feb. 5, 1784), American mother of Abraham Lincoln. She died at age 34.
1813 ~ Tecumseh (b. March 1768), American Shawnee tribal leader. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 45 years old when he was killed in the Battle of the Thames.
1805 ~ Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis (né Charles Edward Cornwallis V; b. Dec. 31, 1738), British general who served during the American Revolutionary War. He died at age 66.
1777 ~ Johann Andreas Segner (b. Oct 9, 1704), Slovak-German mathematician. He died 4 days before his 73rdbirthday.
1565 ~ Lodovico Ferrari (b. Feb. 2, 1522), Italian mathematician. He died at age 43, possibly of poisoning at the hand of his sisters.
1285 ~ King Philip III of France (b. Apr. 30, 1245). He was known as Philip the Bold. He died of dysentery at age 40.
1056 ~ Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. Oct. 28, 1017). He served as Emperor from December 1046 until his death. He died 23 days before his 39th birthday.
578 ~ Justin II, Byzantine emperor (b. 520). He was Emperor from November 1565 until 574. The exact date of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been about 58 at the time of his death.
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