Birthdays:
1973 ~ Ichiro Suzuki, Japanese baseball player.
1952 ~ Jeff Goldblum (né Jeffrey Lynn Goldblum), American actor.
1943 ~ Catherine Deneuve (née Catherine Fabienne Dorléac), French actress.
1942 ~ Annette Funicello (née Annette Joanne Funicello; d. Apr. 8, 2013), American actress. She was one of the original Mickey Mouseketeers. She died at age 70 of complications from multiple sclerosis.
1938 ~ Sir Derek Jacobi (né Derek George Jacobi), English actor.
1938 ~ Christopher Lloyd (né Christopher Allen Lloyd), America actor.
1936 ~ Bobby Seale (né Robert George Seale), African-American political activist and co-founder of the Black Panther Party.
1931 ~ Ann Rule (née Ann Rae Stackhouse; d. July 26, 2015), American true-crime writer who profiled serial killers. She began her career as a police officer. She was 83 years old.
1925 ~ Robert Rauschenberg (né Milton Ernest Rauschenberg; d. May 12, 2008), American graphic artist. He died of heart failure at age 82.
1921 ~ Alexander Kronrod (d. Oct. 6, 1986), Russian mathematician. He died 16 days before his 65th birthday.
1920 ~ Timothy Leary (né Timothy Francis Leary; b. May 31, 1996), American psychologist and proponent of the use of psychedelic drugs, such as LSD. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. He died of prostate cancer at age 75.
1919 ~ Doris Lessing (née Doris May Tayler; d. Nov. 17, 2013), English plainspoken novelist who rejected the feminist label. She was the recipient of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Literature. She died 26 days after her 94th birthday.
1917 ~ Joan Fontaine (née Joan de Beauvoir de Havilland; d. Dec. 15, 2013), English American actress who stayed clear of her sister, Olivia de Havilland. She died at age 96.
1915 ~ Yitzhak Shamir (né Yitzhak Yezernitsky, d. June 30, 2012), Prime Minister of Israel. He served as Prime Minister for two terms. His first term ran from October 1983 until September 1984. His second term ran from October 1986 until July 1992. He was born in Russia. He died at age 96 in Tel Aviv.
1913 ~ Robert Capa (né Endre Friedmann; d. May 25, 1954), Hungarian photographer and journalist. He fled to Germany from Hungary as a teenager for political reasons. While witnessing the rise of Hitler, he fled to Paris. He was a well-known war correspondent. While covering the Indochina war, he stepped on a landmine and was killed. He was 40 years old.
1906 ~ Aurelio Baldor (d. Apr. 2, 1978), Cuban mathematician and lawyer. He died of pulmonary emphysema at age 71.
1903 ~ Curly Howard (né Jerome Lester Horwitz; d. Jan. 18, 1952), American actor and comedian. He was one of the Three Stooges. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 48.
1903 ~ George Beadle (né George Wells Beadle; d. June 9, 1898), American geneticist and recipient of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died at age 85.
1898 ~ Oscar Chapman (né Oscar Littleton Chapman; d. Feb. 8, 1978), 34th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Harry S. Truman from December 1949 until January 1953. He died at age 81.
1897 ~ Ettore Boiardi (d. June 21, 1985), Italian-born chef and founder of Chef Boyardee. His Anglicized name was Hector Boyardee. He died at age 87.
1895 ~ Rolf Nevanlinna (né Rolf Herman Neovius; d. May 28, 1980), Finnish mathematician. He was sympathetic to Nazi Germany during World War II. He died at age 84.
1887 ~ John Reed (né John Silas Reed; d. Oct. 17, 1920), American journalist and socialist activist. He is best remembered for his first-hand account of the Bolshevik Revolution in his book Ten Days that Shook the World. He died in Moscow of spotted typhus just 5 days before his 33rd birthday.
1882 ~ N.C. Wyeth (né Newell Convers Wyeth, d. Oct. 19, 1945), American artist and illustrator. He was born in Needham, Massachusetts. He was killed in a car accident when the vehicle he was in was struck by a freight train. The accident occurred 3 days before his 63rd birthday.
1881 ~ Clinton Davisson (né Clinton Joseph Davisson; d. Feb. 1, 1958), American physicist and recipient of the 1937 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 76.
1870 ~ Ivan Bunin (né Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin; d. Nov. 8, 1953), Russian author and recipient of the 1933 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died 2 weeks after his 83rd birthday.
1844 ~ Sarah Bernhardt (née Henriette Rosine Bernard; d. Mar. 26, 1923), French actress. Her birth date is sometime noted as being on October 23, 1844. She died at age 78.
1811 ~ Franz Liszt (d. July 31, 1886), Hungarian pianist and composer. He died at age 74.
1780 ~ John Forsyth, Sr. (d. Oct. 21, 1841), 13th United States Secretary of State. He served under Presidents Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren from July 1834 until March 1841. He died 1 day before his 61st birthday.
1587 ~ Joachim Jungius (d. Sept. 23, 1657), German mathematician and philosopher. He died a month before his 70th birthday.
1511 ~ Erasmus Reinhold (d. Feb. 19, 1553), German astronomer and mathematician. He died at age 41.
955 ~ Qian Weijun (d. 991), 5th and last king of the Wuyue of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. The exact date of his death is not known, but he is believed to have been about 35 or 36 years old.
Events that Changed the World:
2015 ~ Hillary Clinton testified for 11 hours before a Congressional Committee on the Benghazi attacks.
2005 ~ Tropical Storm Alpha formed in the Atlantic basic, making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season the most active, with a record 22 named storm, which included the devastating Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.
1976 ~ Red Dye No. 4 was banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it was found to cause cancer in animals. The dye is still used in Canada.
1968 ~ After orbiting the Earth 163 times, Apollo 7, commanded by Wally Schirra (1923 ~ 2007), safely splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean.
1966 ~ The Supremes became the first all-female musical group to reach a Number 1 selling album ~ The Supremes A’Go-Go.
1964 ~ Jean-Paul Sartre (1905 ~ 1980) was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, however, he turned down the award on the grounds that he always declined official honors.
1964 ~ The Maple Leave was selected by a Canadian Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee to be the new official flag of Canada.
1934 ~ Bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd (1904 ~ 1934) was shot and killed by FBI agents in East Liverpool, Ohio.
1910 ~ Dr. H.H. Crippen (1862 ~ 1910) was convicted of poisoning his wife. He would subsequently be hanged in about a month after his conviction. His story is told in Erik Larson’s 2006 book, Thunderstruck.
1884 ~ Greenwich in London, England was adopted as Universal Time Meridian of Longitude by the International Meridian Conference.
1883 ~ The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opened. The first performance was Faust by Charles Gounod (1818 ~ 1893).
1836 ~ Sam Houston (1793 ~ 1863) became the first President of the Republic of Texas.
1777 ~ In the Battle of Red Bank during the American Revolutionary War, American forces at Fort Mercer repulsed repeated attacks by Hessian soldiers.
1746 ~ The College of New Jersey, now known as Princeton University, received its charter.
1739 ~ The War of Jenkins’ Ear began. It was a conflict between Britain and Spain that lasted nearly a decade. The conflict took place in New Granada and the Caribbean. The name refers to Robert Jenkins, a British sea merchant, whose ear was severed by Spanish pirates.
Good-Byes:
2013 ~ J. Robinson Risner (né James Robinson Risner; b. Jan. 16, 1925), American ace pilot who led the Hanoi Hilton POWs during the Vietnam War. He died at age 88.
2012 ~ Russell Means (né Russell Charles Means; b. Nov. 10, 1939), Native American rabble-rouser who fought for American Indians. He died of esophageal cancer 18 days before his 73rd birthday.
2009 ~ Soupy Sales (né Milton Supman; b. Jan. 8, 1926), American comedian and actor who relished pies in the face. He died at age 83.
2009 ~ Irene Fischer (née Irene Kaminka; b. July 27, 1907), Austrian-American mathematician. They fled Nazi Germany in 1939. She died in Boston, Massachusetts at age 102.
2007 ~ Ève Curie Labouisse (née Ève Denise Curie; b. Dec. 6, 1904), French journalist. She was the youngest daughter of Marie and Pierre Curie. She died at age 102.
2006 ~ Nelson de la Rosa (b. Sept. 6, 1968), Dominican-born little person who was the Boston Red Sox’s good luck charm. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 38 years old at the time of his death.
1998 ~ Francis W. Sargent (né Francis Williams Sargent; b. July 29, 1915), 64th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as governor from January 22, 1969 through January 2, 1975. He died at age 83.
1998 ~ Eric Ambler (né Eric Clifford Ambler; b. June 28, 1909), English writer. He is best known for his spy novels. He died at age 87.
1986 ~ Albert Szent-Györgyi (b. Sept. 16, 1893), Hungarian physiologist and biochemist credited with discovering vitamin C and the importance of the citric acid cycle. He was the 1937 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died in Woods Hole, Massachusetts at age 93.
1975 ~ Arnold Toynbee (né Arnold Joseph Toynbee; b. Apr. 14, 1889), British historian. He died at age 86.
1973 ~ Pablo Casals (b. Dec. 29, 1876), Spanish cellist and conductor. He died at age 96.
1965 ~ Paul Tillich (né Paul Johannes Tillich, b. Aug. 20, 1886), German-born American Christian theologian. He died at age 79.
1934 ~ Pretty Boy Floyd (né Charles Arthur Floyd; b. Feb. 3, 1904), American gangster and notorious bank robber. He was shot and killed by FBI agents in Ohio. He was 30 years old.
1906 ~ Paul Cézanne (b. Jan. 19, 1839), French painter. He died in Aix-en-Provence at age 67.
1900 ~ John Sherman (b. May 10, 1823), 35th United States Secretary of State. He served under President William McKinley from March 1897 until April 1898. He had previously served as the 32nd United States Secretary of the Treasury during the Rutherford B. Hayes administration from March 1877 until March 1881. He is best known for being the prime mover of the Sherman Antitrust Act that became law in 1890. He died at age 77.
1895 ~ Oliver Ames (b. Feb. 4, 1831), 35th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as governor from January 1887 to January 1890. He died at age 64.
1853 ~ Juan Antonio Lavalleja (b. June 24, 1784), Uruguayan general and President of Uruguay. He is best remembered as a rebel who led the fight against Brazil. He died at age 68.
1775 ~ Peyton Randolph (b. Sept. 10, 1721), 1st President of the Continental Congress. He died at age 54.
1751 ~ William IV, Prince of Orange (b. Sept. 1, 1711). He died at age 40.
1725 ~ Alessandro Scarlatti (b. May 2, 1660), Italian composer. He died at age 65.
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