Birthdays:
1964~ Adam Yauch (né Adam Nathanial Yauch, d. May 4, 2012), American musician and member of the band, The Beastie Boys. He died of cancer at age 47.
1962~ Patrick Ewing, Sr. (né Patrick Aloysius Ewing), American basketball player.
1945~ Loni Anderson (née Loni Kaye Anderson), American actress. She is best known for her portrayal of Jennifer Marlowe on the television sit-com WKRP in Cincinnati.
1930~ Neil Armstrong (né Neil Alden Armstrong, d. Aug. 25, 2012), American astronaut and reluctant hero who first walked on the moon. He died 20 days after his 82nd birthday.
1930~ Michal Kováč (d. Oct. 5, 2016), 1st President of Slovakia. He served as President from March 1993 until March 1996. He died at age 86.
1912~ Konrad Danneberg (d. Feb. 16, 2009), German-born V-2 rocketeer who later worked for NASA. He was on of the last of the 118 German engineers who came to the United States with Nazi rocket wizard Werner von Braun. He died at age 96.
1908~ Harold Holt (d. Dec. 17, 1967), Prime Minister of Australia. He disappeared while swimming and was presumed to have drowned. He was 59 years old at the time of his disappearance.
1908~ Sid Laverents (né Sidney Nicklas Laverents, d. May 6, 2009), American offbeat filmmaker who was an amateur legend. He didn’t begin making films until he was 50 years old. He died at age 100.
1906~ John Huston (né John Marcellus Huston, d. Aug. 28, 1987), American director and father of actress Angelica Huston. He died in Rhode Island 23 days after his 81st birthday.
1905~ Wassily Leontief (d. Feb. 5, 1999), Russian economist and recipient of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. He died at age 92.
1889~ Conrad Aiken (né Conrad Potter Aiken, d. Aug. 17, 1973), American writer. He died 12 days after his 84th birthday.
1880~ Gertrude Rush (née Gertrude Elzora Durden, d. Sept. 5, 1962), African-American attorney. She was the first African-American female lawyer in Iowa. She was admitted to the Iowa bar in 1918. She was also instrumental in founding the National Bar Association in 1925. She died a month after her 82nd birthday.
1876~ Mary Beard (née Mary Ritter, d. Aug. 14, 1958), American historian and social activists. She was involved in the suffrage movement. She died 9 days after her 82nd birthday.
1862~ John Merrick (né John Carey Merrick, d. Apr. 11, 1890), English man known as The Elephant Man due to the severe deformities he suffered as a result most likely from a combination of neurofibromatatosis and Proteus syndrome. He died at age 27.
1850~ Guy de Maupassant (né Henri René Albert Guy de Maupasaant, d. July 6, 1893), French novelist and short-story writer. He died a month before his 43rd birthday.
1802~ Niels Henrik Abel (d. Apr. 6, 1829), Norwegian mathematician. He died of tuberculosis at age 26.
1681~ Vitus Bering (d. Dec. 19, 1741), Danish explorer. The Bering Sea and the Bering Strait are named in his honor. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he was baptized on August 5, 1681. He died at age 60.
1262~ Ladislaus IV of Hungary (d. July 10, 1290). He was assassinated at 26 days before his 28th birthday.
1103~ William Adelin (d. Nov. 25, 1120), son of King Henry I of England and Matilda of Scotland. He died in the White Ship tragedy. He was 17 at the time of his death.
Events that Changed the World:
2016~ The 2016 Summer Olympics opened in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
2012~ A shooting at a Sikh temple in Oak Creek, Wisconsin killed six people. The shooter was shot and killed by police.
2010~ A cave-in at the Copiapó San Jose mine in Chile trapped 33 men. They were all rescued alive 69 days later.
1981~ United States President Ronald Reagan (1911 ~ 2004) filed over 11,000 striking air-traffic controllers who ignored his order to return to work.
1962~ Nelson Mandela (1918 ~ 2013) was jailed. He was not released for until 1990, nearly 28 years later.
1957~ American Bandstand, a TV show dedicated to playing songs and showing popular dances, debuted on ABC television network.
1949~ An earthquake hit Ecuador destroying 50 towns and killing over 6,000 people.
1944~ Polish insurgents liberated a German labor camp in Warsaw and freed over 340 Jewish prisoners.
1926~ Harry Houdini (1874 ~ 1926) performed his greatest feat, which was to spend 91 minutes underwater in a sealed tank before escaping.
1914~ The first electric traffic light was installed in Cleveland, Ohio.
1888~ Bertha Benz (1849 ~ 1944), wife of automobile pioneer Karl Benz, became the first person to drive an automobile over a long distance. Without telling her husband, she took her two teenaged sons on a trip from Mannheim to Pforzheim in Germany, a trip of approximately 66 miles. The purpose of the trip helped to market automobiles. Since 2008, this stretch of the road is known as the Bertha Benz Memorial Route.
1884~ The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty was laid on Bedloe’s Island, now known as Liberty Island, in New York Harbor.
1882~ The Standard Oil of New Jersey was established.
1864~ The Battle of Mobile Bay began when Admiral David Farragut (1801 ~ 1870) lead a Union flotilla through Confederate defenses. This act successfully sealed off one of the last major Southern posts.
1862~ In the Battle of Baton Rouge during the American Civil War, Union troops prevented the Confederate army from seizing the city of Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
1861~ The United States Army abolished flogging.
1861~ The United States government levied the first income tax in order to help pay for the expenses incurred during the American Civil War. This tax resulted as a part of the Revenue Act of 1861 and was rescinded in 1872.
1860~ King Charles XV (1826 ~ 1872) of Sweden was crowned king of Norway as well.
1620~ The Mayflower set sail from Southampton, England on its first attempt to reach North America.
1583~ Sir Humphrey Gilbert (1539 ~ 1583) established the first English colony in North America. The colony was established in what is now St. John’s, Newfoundland.
1305~ William Wallace (d. 1305), who let the Scottish resistance against England, was captured by the English. He was brought to London where he was brought to trial and executed less than 3 weeks later.
1100~ Henry I (1068 ~ 1135) was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey.
Good-Byes:
2017~ Mark White, Jr. (né Mark Wells White, Jr., d. Mar. 17, 1940), 43rd Governor of Texas. He was governor from 1983 until 1987. He died of a heart attack at age 77.
2014~ Dmitry Anosov (d. Nov. 30, 1936), Russian mathematician. He died at age 77.
2014~ Jesse Steinfeld (né Jesse Leonard Steinfeld, d. Jan. 6, 1927), 11th Surgeon of the United States. He served under President Richard M. Nixon from December 1969 until June 1973. He died of complications of a stroke at age 87.
2009~ Budd Schulberg (né Seymour Wilson Schulberg, b. Mar. 27, 1914), American author and screenwriter. He was the Oscar-winning writer of On the Waterfront. He died at age 95.
2000~ Sir Alec Guinness (né Alec Guinness de Cuffe, b. Apr. 2, 1914), English actor. He died of cancer at age 86.
1998~ Todor Zhivkov (né Todor Hristov Zhivkov, b. Sept. 7, 1911), Prime Minister of Bulgaria. He served in that position from November 1962 until July 1971. He died a month before his 87th birthday.
1995~ Menachem Avidom (né Mendel Mlhler-Kalkstein, b. Jan. 6, 1908), Austro-Hungarian-born Israeli composer. He died in Tel Aviv at age 87.
1991~ Soichiro Honda (b. Nov. 17, 1906), Japanese engineer and businessman who founded the Honda car company. He died at age 84.
1984~ Richard Burton (néRichard Walter Jenkins, Jr., b. Nov. 10, 1925), Welsh actor and twice the husband of Elizabeth Taylor. He died at age 58 of a brain hemorrhage.
1962~ Marilyn Monroe (née Norma Jean Mortenson, b. June 1, 1926), American model and actress. She committed suicide at age 36.
1959~ Edgar Guest (né Edgar Albert Guest, b. Aug. 20, 1881), English poet. He died two weeks before his age 78th birthday.
1957~ Heinrich Wieland (né Heinrich Otto Weiland, b. June 4, 1877), German biochemist and recipient of the 1927 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 80.
1955~ Carmen Miranda (née Maria do Carmo Miranda da Cunha, b. Feb. 9, 1909), Portuguese-born Brazilian actress and singer. She died of a heart attack at age 46.
1929~ Dame Millicent Fawcett (née Millicent Garrett, b. June 11, 1847), British social activist and feminist. She is best known for her work to get the vote for women. She died at age 82.
1895~ Friedrich Engels (b. Nov. 28, 1820), German philosopher. He died at age 74.
1792~ Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford (b. Apr. 13, 1732), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was Prime Minister from January 1770 until March 1782. He served during the reign of King George III. He is primarily remembered as the Prime Minister who lost America. He died at age 60.
882~ King Louis III of France (b. 863). The date of his birth is not known.
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