Birthdays:
1950~ Scooter Libby (néI. Lewis Libby), American lawyer and politician. He was the Chief of Staff to Vice President Dick Chaney from January 2001 until November 2005. He was indicted on five counts by a federal grand jury regarding leaking information about a CIA operative. He was convicted of four counts, including obstruction of justice and served 30 months in prison. In 2018, President Donald Trump granted him a full pardon. He was born in New Haven, Connecticut.
1949~ Diana Nyad (née Diana Sneed), American swimmer. On her 5thattempt in 2013, she became the first confirmed person to swim from Florida to Cuba without a shark cage.
1939~ Valerie Harper (née Valerie Kathryn Harper), American actress.
1939~ Carl Yastrzemski (né Carl Michael Yastrzemski), American baseball player who spent much of his career with the Boston Red Sox.
1936~ Petar Mladenov (d. May 31, 2000), He was the last Communist leader of Bulgaria, from 1989 until 1990. He then briefly served as the 1st President of Bulgaria from April 1990 until July 1990. He died at age 63.
1935~ Annie Proulx (née Edna Ann Proulx), American author. She was born in Norwich, Connecticut. She graduated from the University of Vermont.
1934~ Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr. (né Herbert Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., d. Dec. 27, 2012), American general. He led the coalition forces during the Gulf War. He died of complications of pneumonia at age 78.
1920~ Ray Bradbury (né Ray Douglas Bradbury, d. June 5, 2012), American science-fiction writer. He is best known for his novel Fahrenheit 541. He died at age 91.
1920~ Denton Cooley (né Denton Arthur Cooley, d. Nov. 18, 2016), American heart surgeon. He performed the first implantation of an artificial heart. He was from Houston, Texas. He died at age 96.
1915~ James Hillier (d. Jan. 15, 2007), Canadian-born scientist who co-designed the electron microscope. He died at age 91.
1908~ Henri Cartier-Bresson (d. Aug. 3, 2004), French photographer. He died less than 3 weeks before his 96thbirthday.
1904~ Deng Xiaoping (d. Feb. 19, 1997), Chinese politician and leader of the People’s Republic of China from 1978 until his retirement in 1989. He died at age 92 in Beijing, China.
1902~ Leni Riefenstahl (née Helene Bertha Amalie Riefenstahl, d. Sept. 8, 2003), German actress and movie director. She is best known for her propaganda films during the Nazi regime. She died of cancer within three weeks following her 101st birthday.
1893~ Dorothy Parker (née Dorothy Rothschild, d June 7, 1967), American writer. She died of a heart attack at age 73.
1867~ Maximilian Bircher-Benner (d. Jan. 24, 1939), Swiss physician and creator of Muesli. He died at age 71.
1862~ Claude Debussy (né Archille-Claude Debussy, d. Mar. 25, 1918), French composer. He died of cancer at age 55.
1854~ Milan I of Serbia (né Milan Obrenović, d. Feb. 11, 1901). He ruled Serbia first as Prince, then as King from 1868 until 1889. In January 1889, Milan adopted a new constitution and two months later abdicated the throne to his young son. He died suddenly and unexpectedly at age 46.
1845~ William Lewis Douglas (d. Sept. 17 1924), 42nd Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1905 until January 1906. He died 26 days after his 79thbirthday.
1834~ Samuel Langley (né Samuel Pierpont Langley, d. Feb. 27, 1906), American physicist and astronomer. He served as the 3rd Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, from 1887 until 1906. He was born in Roxbury, Massachusetts. The Langley Air Force Base in Virginia is named in his honor. He died at age 71.
1778~ James Kirke Paulding (d. Apr. 6, 1860) 11th United States Secretary of the Navy from July 1838 until March 1841. He served under President Martin Van Buren. He died at age 81.
1760~ Pope Leo XII (né Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nocola Sermattei della Genga, d. Feb. 10, 1829). He was Pope from September 1823 until his death 5.5 years later at age 68.
1647~ Denis Papin (d. Aug 26, 1713), French physicist, mathematician and inventor. He developed a process for pressure cooking. He died 4 days after his 66th birthday.
Events that Changed the World:
2004~ Two paintings by Edvard Munch, The Screamand Madonna, were stolen at gunpoint from a museum in Oslo, Norway. They were recovered 2 years later.
2003~ Alabama Chief Justice Roy Moore (b. 1947) was suspended after refusing to comply with a federal court order to remove the monument of the Ten Commandments from the lobby of the Alabama Supreme Court. He returned to the Bench in 2013, but was suspended again in 2016 for numerous ethics violations, including abuse of authority, and interference with a federal court ruling relating to same-sex marriages.
1989~ Nolan Ryan (b. 1947), playing for the Texas Rangers, struck out Rickey Henderson (b. 1958) to become the first Major League Baseball pitcher to record 5,000 strikeouts.
1973~ The Congress of Chile voted in favor of a resolution condemning President Salvador Allende’s government. The Resolution demanded his resignation. The demand was executed in a bloody coup d’etat in early September 1973, which led to 17 years of military rule.
1953~ The penal colony on Devil’s Island was permanently closed.
1902~ President Theodore Roosevelt (1858 ~ 1919) became the first American president to ride in an automobile.
1902~ The Cadillac Motor Company was founded.
1864~ The United States Congress passed the Coinage Act of 1864, which mandates the words “In G~d We Trust” on all coins minted as United States currency.
1864~ Twelve nations (Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Swiss Confederation, and 4 nations now comprising Germany: Grand Duchy of Baden, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Prussia, and the Kingdom of Württemberg) signed the First Geneva Convention. The International Red Cross was also formed at the Convention.
1851~ The first America’s Cup was won by the yacht America, hence the name, America’s Cup.
1827~ José de la Mar (1778 ~ 1830) became the President of Peru for his second term. He had first been president from September 1822 until February 1823. His second term ran from August 22, 1827 through June 7, 1829.
1654~ Jacob Barsimson arrived in New Amsterdam. He was one of the first known Jewish immigrants to arrive what would become the United States. Within a month, a ship carrying Jews from Brazil joined him. The Jews had been living in Brazil under Dutch rule, but when the country came under Portuguese rule, and hence the Spanish Inquisition, it was no longer safe for the Jews. They were initially headed back to the Netherlands, but the ship was damaged and, hence, they arrived in what would become New York.
1642~ King Charles I (1600 ~ 1649) of Great Britain called the English Parliament traitors, thereby instigating the English Civil War.
1485~ King Richard III (1452 ~ 1485) was killed during the Battle of Bosworth Field, thereby ending the House of Plantagenet.
Good-Byes:
2014~ John Glen Sperling (b. Jan. 9, 1921), American history professor who transformed higher education when he founded the University of Phoenix in 1973, the for-profit institute of higher education. He died at age 93.
2011~ Jerry Leiber (né Jerome Leiber, b. Apr. 25, 1933), American lyricist of the rock ‘n’ roll revolution. He died of heart failure at age 78.
2007~ Grace Paley (née Grace Goodside, b. Dec. 11, 1922), American writer and political activist. She died in Thetford, Vermont at age 84.
1991~ Colleen Dewhurst (Colleen Rose Dewhurst, b. June 3, 1924), Canadian actress. She died of cancer at age 67.
1989~ Huey P. Newton (né Huey Percy Newton, b. Feb. 17, 1942), American activist in the Civil Rights Movement. He co-founded the Black Panther Party. He was shot and killed at age 47 in a drug deal gone bad.
1989~ Diana Vreeland (b. Sept. 29, 1903), American journalist and columnist. She was best known for working in the fashion magazine industry. She was the Editor-in-Chief of Vogue for many years. She died at age 86.
1980~ James McDonnell (né James Smith McDonnell, b. Apr. 9, 1899), American pilot and founder of McDonnell Aircraft. He died at age 81.
1977~ Sebastian Cabot (né Charles Sebastian Thomas Cabot. b. July 6, 1918), English actor. He is best known for his role as Giles French on the sit-com Family Affair, which ran from 1966 until 1971. He died of a stroke at age 59.
1974~ Jacob Bronowski (b. Jan. 18, 1908), Polish-English mathematician. He died of a heart attack at age 66.
1967~ Gregory Goodwin Pincus (b. Apr. 9, 1903), American biologist and co-creator of the birth control pill. He died of a blood disease in Boston, Massachusetts at age 64.
1965~ Ellen Church (b. Sept. 22, 1904), American nurse and first female flight attendant. She died a month before her 61st birthday from injuries sustained from a horse riding accident.
1961~ Ida Siekmann (b. Aug. 23, 1902), became the first person to die in an attempt to cross the Berlin Wall. She died from injuries when she jumped out of the window hoping to land on the other side of the Wall. She died 1 day before her 59th birthday.
1958~ Roger Martin du Gard (b. Mar. 23, 1958), French writer and recipient of the 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was 77 years old.
1940~ Mary Vaux Walcott (née Mary Morris Vaux, b. July 31, 1860), American painter. She is best known for her watercolors of wildflowers. She died a month after her 80th birthday.
1926~ Charles William Eliot (b. Mar. 20, 1834), American mathematician. He was the 21st President of Harvard University. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in Northeast Harbor, Maine at age 92.
1922~ Michael Collins (b. Oct. 16, 1890), Irish revolutionary. He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Irish Free State. He was killed during an Anti-Treaty ambush during the Irish Civil War. He was 31 at the time of his death.
1904~ Kate Chopin (née Katherine O’Flaherty, b. Feb. 8, 1850), American author who set many of her stories in Louisiana. She was born and died, however, in St Louis, Missouri. She died of a brain hemorrhage at age 54.
1903~ Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (b. Feb. 3, 1830), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served as Prime Minister for 3 terms during the reign of Queen Victoria. He died at age 73.
1861~ Xianfeng (b. July 17, 1831), 9th Chinese Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. He ruled from March 1850 until his death in August 1861. He died at age 30.
1752~ William Whiston (b. Dec. 9, 1667), English mathematician and theologian. He died at age 84.
1664~ Maria Cunitz (b. 1610), Polish astronomer. She was one of the most notable women astronomers even as to modern times. The exact date of her birth is unknown.
1485~ King Richard III of England (b. Oct. 2, 1452). He was killed at the Battle of Bosworth Field. His death marked the end of the House of Plantagenet. He was 32 years old. In 2013, his remains were found buried in what had become a parking lot in northern England.
1350~ King Philip VI of France (b. 1293). The exact date of her birth is unknown. He died at age 57.
1280~ Pope Nicholas III (né Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, b. 1216). He was Pope from November 25, 1277 until his death on this date less than 3 years later. The date of her birth is unknown.
1241~ Pope Gregory IX (né Ugolino di Conti, b. 1145). He was Pope from March 19, 1227 until his death on this date 14 years later. The exact date of his birth is unknown. He may have been born as early as 1145 or as late as 1170.
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