Birthdays:
1974~ Amy Adams (née Amy Lou Adams), American actress.
1954~ Al Roker (né Albert Lincoln Roker, Jr.), American journalist and weatherman.
1953~ Peter Horton, American actor.
1952~ Doug Fieger (né Douglas Lars Fieger, d. Feb. 14, 2010), American new-wave rocker who co-wrote My Sharona. He had been the lead singer of The Knack. He died of cancer at age 57.
1948~ Robert Plant (né Robert Anthony Plant), English musician. He is best known for being the lead of Led Zeppelin.
1946~ Connie Chung (née Constance Yu-Hwa Chung), American journalist.
1944~ Rajiv Gandhi (né Rajvi Ratna Gandhi, d. May 21, 1991), 6th Prime Minister of India. He served as Prime Minister from October 1984 until December 1989. He was the son of Indira Gandhi. He was assassinated by a female suicide bomber. He was 46 at the time of his death.
1942~ Isaac Hayes (né Isaac Lee Hayes, Jr., d. Aug. 10, 2008), American ultra-cool musician whose sound was pure soul. He died of a stroke 10 days before his 66thbirthday.
1941~ Slobodan Milošević (d. Mar. 11, 2006), Serbian lawyer and President of the Federal Republic of Yugloslavia. He was charged with war crimes and crimes against humanity in Kosovo. His trial in the international court in The Hague began in February 2002, however, he died before the trial was concluded. He died of a heart attack in prison at age 64.
1936~ Hideki Shirakawa, Japanese chemist and recipient of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
1933~ George Mitchell (né George John Mitchell, Jr.), American politician and United States Senator from Maine. He was born in Waterville, Maine.
1927~ Philip S. Berg (né Feivel Gruberger, d. Sept. 16, 2013), American rabbi who made Kaballah trendy. He died of a stroke 27 days after his 86th birthday.
1922~ Bernard Sahlins (d. June 16, 2013), American comic impresario who founded Second City. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 90.
1921~ Ursula Marvin (née Ursula Bailey Marvin, d. Feb. 12, 2018), American trailblazing geologist who studied space rocks. She was born in Bradford, Vermont. She died in Concord, Massachusetts at age 96.
1918~ Jacqueline Susann (d. Sept. 21, 1974), American novelist best known for her novel, The Valley of the Dolls. She died of breast cancer a month after her 56th birthday.
1913~ Roger Wolcott Sperry (d. Apr. 17, 1994), American neurobiologist and recipient of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died at age 80.
1910~ Eero Saarinen (d. Sept. 1, 1961), Finish-American architect and son of Eliel Saarinen. He was born on his father’s 37th birthday. Eero, who designed the Gateway Arch in St. Louis, died just 12 days after his 52nd birthday while undergoing surgery for a brain tumor.
1901~ Salvatore Quasimodo (d. June 14, 1968), Italian writer and recipient of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage at 66 years old.
1886~ Paul Tillich (né Paul Johannes Tillich, d. Oct. 22, 1965), German-born American Christian theologian. He died at age 79.
1881~ Edgar Guest (né Edgar Albert Guest, d. Aug. 5, 1959), English poet. He died two weeks before his age 78th birthday.
1873~ Eliel Saarinen (né Gottlieb Eliel Saarinen, d. July 1, 1950), Finnish-American architect. He was the father of architect Eero Saarinen, who was born on his father’s 37th birthday. He died at age 76.
1860~ Raymond Poincaré (d. Oct. 15, 1934), President of France. He died at age 74.
1833~ Benjamin Harrison (d. Mar. 13, 1901), 23rd President of the United States. He was President from March 1889 until March 1893. He was the grandson of President William Henry Harrison. He died of pneumonia at age 67.
1778~ Bernardo O’Higgins (d. Oct. 24, 1842), Chilean independence leader and 2ndSupreme Dictator of Chile. He died at age 64.
1710~ Thomas Simpson (d. May 14, 1761), English mathematician. He died at age 50.
Events that Changed the World:
1988~ Peru became a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1977~ NASA launched the Voyager 2 spacecraft. The purpose of the Voyager Program is to study the outer planets.
1975~ NASA launched the Viking 1planetary probe towards Mars. The last contact NASA had with the Viking 1 was on November 13, 1982.
1940~ Leon Trotsky (1879 ~1940), the exiled Russian revolutionary living in Mexico, was stabbed with an ice pick by Ramón Mercader. He would die from his wounds the following day, on August 21, 1940.
1938~ Lou Gehrig (1903 ~ 1941) hit his 23rd career grand slam. His record remained for 75 years, when it was broken by Alex Rodriguez (b. 1975).
1920~ The first commercial radio station began operation in Detroit, Michigan.
1882~ Peter Tchaikovsky’s 1812 Overturepremiered in Moscow.
1866~ President Andrew Johnson (1808 ~ 1875) declared the American Civil War to be formally over.
1858~ Charles Darwin (1809 ~ 1882) first published his theory of evolution through natural selection in the Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London.
Good-Byes:
2017~ Jerry Lewis (né Jerome Levitch, b. Mar. 16, 1926), American madcap comic who delighted millions, but not critics. He is also known for his work with the Muscular Dystrophy Association and held annual marathons for 44 years. He died at age 91.
2014~ B.K.S. Iyengar (né Bellur Krishnamachar Sundararaja Iyengar, b. Dec. 14, 1918), Indian guru who helped bring yoga to the west. He died at age 95.
2013~ Elmore Leonard, Jr., (né Elmore John Leonard, Jr., b. Oct. 11, 1925), American author who made his bad guys interesting. He wrote suspense thrillers. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He died at age 87.
2012~ Phyllis Diller (née Phyllis Ada Driver, b. July 17, 1917), American comedian who paved the way for female stand-up. She died at age 95.
2011~ Frederick Fay (d. Sept. 12, 1944), American quadriplegic who fought for the disabled. A freak backyard trapeze accident left him a quadriplegic at age 16. He spent the rest of his life advocating for disabled Americans. He died 3 weeks before his 67th birthday in Concord, Massachusetts.
2008~ Gene Upshaw (né Eugene Josiah Upshaw, Jr., b. Aug. 15, 1945), American union leader who helped make the National Football League players rich. He died of pancreatic cancer 5 days after his 63rd birthday.
2008~ Hua Guofeng (b. Feb. 16, 1921), Chinese premiere who ushered in the post-Mao era. He died at age 87.
2007~ Leona Helmsley (née Lena Mindy Rosenthal, b. July 4, 1920), American businesswoman who was known as the Queen of Mean. She died at age 87.
1989~ George Adamson (b. Feb. 3, 1906), British wildlife conservationist. He and his wife, Joy Adamson (1910 ~ 1980), were best known for their book Born Free, about Elsa the orphaned lioness cub. He was murdered at age 83 by bandits near his camp in the Kora National Park in Kenya. Ironically, his wife had also been murdered 9 years earlier.
1968~ Channing H. Cox (néChanning Harris Cox, b. Oct. 28, 1879), 49th Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1921 until January 1925. He was born in Manchester, New Hampshire. He died at age 88.
1961~ Percy Williams Bridgman (b. Apr. 21, 1882), American physicist and recipient of the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the physics of high pressures. He was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts and died in Randolph, New Hampshire. He suffered from cancer and committed suicide at age 79.
1944~ Leon Chwistek (d. June 13, 1884), Polish avant-garde painter, philosopher and mathematician. He died at age 60.
1917~ Adolf von Baeyer (b. Oct. 31, 1835), German chemist and recipient of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 81.
1915~ Paul Ehrlich (b. Mar. 14, 1854), German physician and recipient of the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He is known for developing the Gram Stain, which helps to identify bacteria. He died of a heart attack at age 61.
1914~ Pope Pius X (né Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, b. June 2, 1835). He was Pope from August 1903 until his death 11 years later. He died of a heart attack at age 79.
1912~ William Booth (b. Apr. 10, 1829), English Methodist minister and founder of the Salvation Army. He died at age 83.
1854~ Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (b. Jan. 27, 1775), German philosopher. He died at age 79.
1823~ Pope Pius VII (né Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti, b. Aug. 14, 1742). He was Pope from March 14, 1800 until his death in 1823. He died 6 days after his 81st birthday.
1672~ Johan de Witt (b. Sept. 24, 1625), Dutch mathematician. He was also a politician and at age 46 he was lynched by an angry crowd. He died about a month before his 47th birthday.
1484~ Ippolita Maria Sforza (b. Apr. 18, 1446), Italian nobelwoman. She died at age 38.
984~ Pope John XVI (né Pietro Canepanova). He was Pope from December 983 until his death less than a year later. The date of his birth is unknown.
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