Birthdays:
1967 ~ Anna Nicole Smith (née Vickie Lynn Hogan; d. Feb. 8, 2007), American model, entertainer and television personality. She was best known for her 2nd marriage to the 89-year-old billionaire, J. Howard Marshall. She was born in Houston, Texas. She died in Hollywood, Florida of a drug overdose at age 39.
1962 ~ Jon Stewart (né Jonathan Stuart Leibowitz), American comedian and host of The Daily Show. He was born in New York, New York.
1959 ~ Judd Nelson (né Judd Asher Nelson), American actor. He was born in Portland, Maine.
1952 ~ S. Epatha Merkerson (née Sharon Epatha Merkerson), American actress. She is best known for her role as Anita Van Buren on Law and Order. She was born in Saginaw, Michigan.
1951 ~ Bobby Chacon (d. Sept. 7, 2016), American professional boxing champion who was haunted by tragedy. In 1982, his first wife died by suicide. In 1991, his son was killed in a gang slaying. He was born in Pacoima, California. He died at age 64 in Lake Elsinore, California from a fall.
1950 ~ Ed Harris (né Edward Allen Harris), American actor. He was born in Englewood, New Jersey.
1950 ~ Russell Alan Hulse, American physicist, astronomer and recipient of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in New York, New York.
1949 ~ Alexander Godunov (né Alexander Borisovich Godunov; d. May 18, 1995), Russian ballet dancer. He defected to the United States in 1979. He became a naturalized United States citizen in 1987. He was found dead in his home in West Hollywood, California on May 18, 1995, although it is believed he had died several days earlier. He was 45 years old.
1949 ~ Paul Shaffer (né Paul Allen Wood Shaffer), Canadian-American orchestra leader for David Letterman. He was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
1944 ~ Rita Mae Brown, American author. She was born in Hanover, Pennsylvania.
1943 ~ Massimo Tamburini (d. Apr. 6, 2014), Italian designer who made motorbikes into high art. He was born and died in Rimini, Italy. He died of lung cancer at age 70.
1943 ~ Randy Newman (né Randall Stuart Newman), American composer. He was born in Los Angeles, California.
1942 ~ Eric Shinseki (né Eric Ken Shinseki), American United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs. He was the 7thperson to hold this Office. He served from January 2009 until May 2014, during the Obama Administration. He was born in Lihue, Hawaii.
1937 ~ Wilbur Ross (né Wilbur Louis Ross, Jr.), 39th United States Secretary of Commerce. He served during the Trump administration from February 2021 until January 2021. He was a billionaire investor known for buying troubled companies and restructuring them, often with significant layoffs. He was born in Weehawken, New Jersey.
1936 ~ Gary Hart (né Gary Warren Hartpence), United States Senator from Colorado. He served in the Senate from January 1975 until January 1987. He was the front runner in the 1988 Democratic presidential nomination until his run was sidelined over allegations with an extramarital affair with Donna Rice. He was born in Ottawa, Kansas.
1929 ~ Berry Gordy, Jr. (né Berry Gordon, III), American songwriter and founder of Motown Records. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.
1916 ~ Lilian, Princess of Réthy (née Mary Lilian Henriette Lucie Josephine Ghislaine Baels; d. June 7, 2002), 2nd wife of Leopold III, King of Belgium (1901 ~ 1983). She was a commoner. They married in in secret in 1941. Because they did not have a religious marriage, she was never given the title of Queen consort. She was born in London, England. She was the daughter of Henri Baels and Anne Marie de Visscher. She died at age 85 in Belgium.
1908 ~ Claude Levi-Strauss (d. Oct. 30, 2009), French anthropologist and scholar who changed the study of humanity. He was born in Brussels, Belgium. He died 29 days before his 101st birthday in Paris, France.
1904 ~ Nancy Mitford (née Nancy-Freeman Mitford; d. June 30, 1973), British novelist. She was born in London, England. She died at age 68 in Paris, France.
1903 ~ Gladys O’Connor (d. Feb. 21, 2012), Canadian character actress. She was born in London, England. She died at age 108 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
1891 ~ Mabel Alvarez (d. Mar. 13, 1985), American artist. She was born Oahu, Hawaii. She died in Los Angeles, California at age 93.
1866 ~ Henry Bacon (d. Feb. 16, 1924), American architect who designed the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. He was born in Watseka, Illinois. He died of cancer at age 57 in New York, New York.
1864 ~ Lindley Garrison (né Lindley Miller Garrison; d. Oct. 19, 1932), 46th United States Secretary of War. He served under President Woodrow Wilson from March 1913 until February 1916. He was born in Camden, New Jersey. He died at age 67 in Sea Bright, New York.
1862 ~ Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal (d. May 14, 1959), member of the Portuguese royal family. She was the second wife of Robert I, Duke of Parma (1848 ~ 1907). Upon her marriage to him in 1884, she became the Duchess consort of Parma. She was of the House of Braganza. She was the daughter of Miguel I, King of Portugal and Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 96.
1857 ~ Alfonso XII, King of Spain (d. Nov. 25, 1885). He reigned from December 1874 until his death 11 years later. He was known as The Peacemaker. His first wife was Mari de las Mercedes of Orléans (1860 ~ 1878). They married in 1878. She died within 6 months of their marriage. After her death, he married Maria Christina of Austria in 1879 (1858 ~ 1829). They had several children, including Alfonso XIII, King of Spain. He was of the House of Bourbon. He was the son of Isabella II, Queen of Spain and Infante Francis, Duke of Cádiz. He was Roman Catholic. He died of dysentery 3 days before his 28th birthday.
1853 ~ Helen Magill White (née Helen Magill; d. October 28, 1944), first American woman to earn a Ph.D. in the United States. She earned her degree in Greek in 1877 from Boston University. She was born in Providence, Rhode Island. She died a month before her 91st birthday in Kittery Point, Maine.
1829 ~ Anton Rubinstein (d. Nov. 20, 1894), Russian pianist and composer. He died 8 days before his 65th birthday in St. Petersburg, Russian Empire.
1820 ~ Friedrich Engels (d. Aug. 5, 1895), German philosopher. He died at age 74 in London, England.
1757 ~ William Blake (d. Aug. 12, 1827), English poet. He was born in Soho, London, England. He died in Charing Cross, London, England at age 69.
1700 ~ Reverend Nathaniel Bliss (b. Sept. 2, 1764), British astronomer, mathematician, and clergyman. He died at age 63 in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England.
1700 ~ Sophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach (d. May 27, 1770), Queen consort of Denmark and wife of Christian VI, King of Denmark (1699 ~ 1746). They married in 1721. They were the parents of Frederick V, Kind of Denmark. She was of the House of Hohenzollern. She was the daughter of Christian Heinrich, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth-Kulmbach and Countess Sophie Christiane of Wolfstein. She was Lutheran. She died at age 69.
1660 ~ Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (d. Apr. 20, 1690), Dauphine of France and first wife of Louis, Grand Dauphin (1682 ~ 1712). They married in 1680. They were the parents of Philip V, King of Spain. She was of the House of Wittelsbach. She was the daughter of Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria and Henriette Adelaide of Savoy. She was Roman Catholic. She had been sickly all her life and died at age 29.
1592 ~ Hong Taiji (d. Sept. 21, 1643), 2nd Chinese Emperor of the Qing dynasty. He reigned from October 1626 until his death 21 years later. He died at age 50.
1489 ~ Princess Margaret Tudor (d. Oct. 18, 1541), Queen consort of Scotland and English wife of James IV, King of Scotland (1473 ~ 1513). He was her 1st husband. They married in 1503. After his death, she married Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus in 1514 (1489 ~ 1557). She was his second wife. They later divorced. Her 3rd husband was Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven (1495 ~ 1552) whom she married in 1528. She was his first wife. She was of the House of Tudor. She was the daughter of Henry VII, King of England and Princess Elizabeth of York. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 51.
1470 ~ Wen Zhengming (d. 1559), leading painter, calligrapher, poet and scholar during the Ming dynasty. The exact date of his death is not known. He died at age 88.
1293 ~ Yesün Temür (d. Aug. 15, 1328), Chinese and Mongol emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. He ruled from October 1323 until his death 5 years later. He was the great-grandson of Kublai Khan. He died at age 34.
Events that Changed the World:
2021 ~ Chanukkah began as sunset.
2019 ~ Thanksgiving was observed in the United States.
2013 ~ Thanksgivukkah, when the American Thanksgiving Day and Chanukkah coincided.
2013 ~ A moderate 5.6 earthquake struck in Iran.
2010 ~ Wikileaks released more than 250,000 United States diplomatic cables, including many considered confidential.
2002 ~ Suicide bombers blew up an Israeli-owned hotel in Mombasa, Kenya.
2002 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.
1990 ~ British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (1925 ~ 2013) resigned as leader of the Conservative Party. She was succeeded by John Major (b. 1943) as leader of the Conservative Party and as Prime Minister.
1989 ~ The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia agreed to give up its monopoly on political power after numerous protests during the Velvet Revolution.
1975 ~ East Timor, an island country on Southeast Asia, declared its independence from Portugal.
1964 ~ NASA launched the Mariner 4 probe towards Mars.
1960 ~ Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, gained its independence from France.
1943 ~ The Tehran Conference was started, which was the first meeting of the primary Allied leaders, including President Franklin Roosevelt (1882 ~ 1945), Winston Churchill (1874 ~ 1965), and Joseph Stalin (1878 ~ 1953), to discuss war strategy during World War II. The conference lasted for several days, ending on December 1, 1943.
1942 ~ A fire at the Cocoanut Grove nightclub in Boston, Massachusetts killed over 490 people.
1925 ~ The Grand Ole began broadcasting in Nashville, Tennessee.
1919 ~ American-born Nancy Witcher Langhorne Astor, Viscountess Astor (1879 ~ 1964) was elected as a Member of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. She was the first woman to sit in the House of Commons. She would take office on December 1, 1919.
1912 ~ Albania declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire.
1908 ~ A mine explosion in Marianna, Pennsylvania killed 154 individuals.
1907 ~ Louis B. Meyer (1884 ~ 1957) opened his first movie theater in Haverhill, Massachusetts.
1895 ~ The first American automobile race took place between Jackson Park in Chicago to Evanston, Illinois. Frank Duryea (1869 ~ 1967), the winner, completed the 54-mile race after approximately 10 hours.
1893 ~ Women were allowed to vote for the first time in the New Zealand general election.
1843 ~ The Kingdom of Hawaii was officially recognized by the United Kingdom and France as an independent nation.
1821 ~ Panama separated from Spain and joined the Republic of Colombia. It would be nearly 100 years, in 1903, before Panama separated from Columbia and became its own nation.
1814 ~ The London Times began using the automatic, steam-powered printing press, thereby, allowing newspapers to be published and available to a mass audience.
1582 ~ William Shakespeare (1564 ~ 1616) and Anne Hathaway (1555 ~ 1623) paid a bond for their marriage license.
1520 ~ Three ships under the command of Ferdinand Magellan (1480 ~ 1521) crossed through what would become known as the Strait of Magellan, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. They were the first Europeans to sail from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
936 ~ Shi Jingtang (892 ~ 942) became the first emperor of China’s short-lived Later Jin during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Virgil Abloh (d. Sept. 30, 1980), African-American fashion designer who won acclaim for his fusion and haute couture, and who in 2018 became the first Black artistic director of menswear at Louis Vuitton. He was born in Rockford, Illinois. He died of cardiac angiosarcoma, a rare cancer, at age 41 in Chicago, Illinois.
2021 ~ Lee Elder (né Robert Lee Elder; b. July 14, 1934), African-American tenacious golfer who desegrated the Masters. In 1975, he became the first Black golfer to compete in the Masters golf tournament. He was born in Dallas, Texas. He died at age 87 in Escondido, California.
2020 ~ David Prowse (né David Charles Prowse; b. July 1, 1935), the British weightlifter who embodied Star Wars’ greatest villain. Due to his 6-foot, 6 inch frame, he is best known for physically portraying Darth Vader in the Star Warsmovies. He was born in Bristol, England. He died at age 85 in London, England.
2016 ~ Grant Tinker (né Grant Almerin Tinker; b. Jan. 11, 1925), American television producer. His second wife was Mary Tyler Moore. He was born in Stamford, Connecticut. He died at age 90 in Los Angeles, California.
2016 ~ Jim Delligatti (né Michael James Delligatti; b. Aug. 2, 1918), American fast-food pioneer who invented the Big Mac. He was born in Uniontown, Pennsylvania. He died at age 98 in Fox Chapel, Pennsylvania.
2012 ~ Zig Ziglar (né Hilary Hinton Ziglar; b. Nov. 6, 1926), American author and motivational speaker. He was born in Coffee County, Alabama. He died 22 days after his 86th birthday in Plano, Texas.
2010 ~ Leslie Nielsen (né Leslie William Nielsen; b. Feb. 11, 1926), Canadian-born American dramatic actor who bloomed into a dolt. He became well known after the success of Airplane! He was born in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. He died of pneumonia at age 84 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
1994 ~ Jeffrey Dahmer (né Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer, b. May 21, 1960), American serial killer. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was beaten to death in prison in Portage, Wisconsin at age 34.
1994 ~ Jerry Rubin (né Jerry Clyde Rubin; b. July 14, 1938), American political activist. He was one of the Chicago Seven. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He died in Los Angeles at age 56 of injuries sustained after having been struck by a vehicle while crossing a street.
1993 ~ Garry Moore (né Thomas Garrison Morfit, III; b. Jan. 31, 1915), American game show host. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He died of throat cancer at age 78 in Hilton Head, South Carolina.
1982 ~ Princess Helen of Greece and Denmark (b. May 2, 1896), member of the Greek royal family and Queen Mother of Romania. In 1921, she married Carol, Crown Prince of Romania. She was his second wife. They divorced in 1928 before he became King, thus she was never the Queen consort. They were the parents of Michael I, King of Romania. She is recognized as the Righteous Among the Nations by the State of Israel for her humanitarian efforts to save Romanian Jews during World War II. She was of the House of Glücksburg. She was the daughter of Constantine I, King of Greece and Princess Sophia of Prussia. She was Eastern Orthodox. She died at age 86.
1980 ~ Nachum Gutman (b. Oct. 15, 1898), Israeli painter and sculptor. He died at age 82.
1976 ~ Rosalind Russell (née Catherine Rosalind Russell, b. June 4, 1907), American actress. She was born in Waterbury, Connecticut. She died at age 69 of breast cancer in Beverly Hills, California.
1970 ~ Nina Ricci (née Maria Adélaude Nielli, b. Jan. 14, 1883), Italian-born French fashion designer. She was born in Turin, Italy. She died at age 87.
1969 ~ Elbert Frank Cox (b. Dec. 5, 1895), American mathematician. He was the first African-American to receive a Ph.D. in mathematics. He earned his degree at Cornell University. He was born in Evansville, Indiana. He died 8 days before his 74th birthday in Washington, D.C.
1962 ~ Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands (b. Aug. 31, 1880). She ruled over the Netherlands from November 1890 until September 1948. She abdicated the throne in 1948 in favor of her daughter, Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands. In 1901, she married Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. It was not a happy marriage. She became queen at age 10, when her father, William III, King of the Netherland died. She was of the House of Orange-Nassau. She was the daughter of William III, King of the Netherlands and Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont. She was of the Dutch Reformed Church. She died at age 82.
1960 ~ Richard Wright (né Richard Nathaniel Wright, b. Sept. 4, 1908), African-American author who wrote about race relations. He is best known for his book, Native Son. He was born in Roxie, Mississippi. He died of a heart attack at age 52 in Paris, France.
1954 ~ Enrico Fermi (b. Sept. 29, 1901), Italian American nuclear physicist and recipient of the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on nuclear processes. He is best known for the development of the first nuclear reactor. Fermium, a synthetic element created in 1952, was named after Fermi. He was born in Rome, Italy. He died at age 53 of stomach cancer in Chicago, Illinois.
1945 ~ Dwight F. Davis, Sr. (né Dwight Filley Davis, b. July 5, 1879), 49th United States Secretary of War. He served under President Calvin Coolidge from October 1925 until March 1929. He was also an American tennis player and is remembered today for founding the Davis Cup in tennis. He was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He died at age 66 in Washington, D.C.
1939 ~ James Naismith (b. Nov. 6, 1861), Canadian-American physician. He is credited with inventing the game of modern basketball. He was born in Almonte, Ontario, Canada. He died 22 days after his 78th birthday in Lawrence, Kansas.
1876 ~ Karl Ernst von Baer (b. Feb. 28, 1792), Estonian biologist. He is considered the founding father of embryology. He was born in Piibe, Estonia. He died at age 84 in Tartu, Estonia.
1873 ~ Caterina Scarpellini (b. Oct. 29, 1808), Italian astronomer and meteorologist. One of the craters of Venus is named in her honor. She was born and died in Foligno, Italy. She died a month after her 65th birthday.
1859 ~ Washington Irving (b. Apr. 3, 1783), American writer. He is best known for his Rip Van Winkle short stories. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 76 in Tarrytown, New York.
1794 ~ Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben (b. Sept. 17, 1730), Prussian solder who served as an American General in the American Revolution. He died at age 64 in Steuben, New York.
1499 ~ Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick (b. Feb. 25, 1475), last male member of the House of York. He never married and had no known children. He was the son of George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and Isabel Neville. He was beheaded at age 24 on grounds of treason.
1290 ~ Princess Eleanor of Castile (b. 1241), Queen consort of England and first wife of Edward I, King of England (1239 ~ 1307). They married in 1254. They had several children, including Edward II, King of England. She was of the Castilian House of Ivrea. She was the daughter of Ferdinand III, King of Castile and Joan, Countess of Ponthieu. The exact date of her birth is not known. She is believed to have been about 49 years old at the time of her death.
1170 ~ Owain Gwynedd (b. 1080), Welsh king. He ruled Wales from 1137 until his death 33 years later. He was married to Gwladus ferch Llywarch. He was of the House of Aberffraw. He was the son of Gruffudd ap Cynan, King of Wales and Angharad ferch Owain. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 69 or 70 at the time of his death.
939 ~ Lady Ma (b. 890), Chinese noblewoman and wife of Qian Yuanguan, second king of the Chinese state of Wuyue of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdom period. The exact date of her birth is unknown.
741 ~ Pope Gregory III (né Gregorius). He was Pope from February 11, 731 until his death on this date 10 years later. The date of his birth is not known.
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