Birthdays:
1996 ~ Hailey Bieber (née Hailey Rhode Baldwin), American model, media personality, and socialite. In 2018, she married singer Justin Bieber. She is the daughter of actor Stephen Baldwin. She was born in Tucson, Arizona.
1986 ~ Oscar Pistorius (né Oscar Leonard Carl Pistorius), South African sprinter who was convicted of murdering his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp in 2013. After lengthy court trials, he was sentenced to prison for the murder. He will be eligible for parole in 2023.
1984 ~ Scarlett Johansson (née Scarlett Ingrid Johansson), American actress. She was born in Manhattan, New York.
1967 ~ Mark Ruffalo (né Mark Alan Ruffalo), American actor. He was born in Kenosha, Wisconsin.
1966 ~ Michael K. Williams (né Michael Kenneth Williams; d. Sept. 6, 2021), African-American actor who portrayed Omar Little, a gangland Robin Hood on the television drama The Wire. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died of an accidental drug overdose at age 54 in New York, New York.
1961 ~ Mariel Hemingway (née Mariel Hadley Hemingway), American actress and granddaughter of Ernest Hemingway. She was born in Mill Valley, California.
1958 ~ Jamie Lee Curtis, American actress. She was born in Santa Monica, California.
1957 ~ Donny Deutsch (né Donald Jay Deutsch), American television personality. He was born in Hollis Hills, New York.
1956 ~ Richard Kind (né Richard Bruce Kind), American actor and voice actor. He was born in Trenton, New Jersey.
1950 ~ Steven Van Zandt (né Steven Lento), American musician, guitarist and actor. He is a member of Bruce Springsteen’s E Street Band. He is also known for his role as Silvio Dante on The Sopranos. He was born in Winthrop, Massachusetts.
1950 ~ Tina Waymouth (née Martina Michèle Waymouth), American musician and member of the Talking Heads. She was born in Coronado, California.
1949 ~ Richard Carmona (né Richard Henry Carmona), American physician and 17th Surgeon General of the United States. He served under President George W. Bush from August 2002 until July 2006. He was born in New York, New York.
1948 ~ Harriet B. Braiker (d. Jan. 10, 2004), American psychologist and self-help author. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She died of pneumonia at age 55 in Pasadena, California.
1943 ~ Billie Jean King (née Billie Jean Moffit), American professional tennis player. She was born in Long Beach, California.
1942 ~ Chaney Joseph, Jr. (né Cheney Cleveland Joseph, Jr.; d. Dec. 18, 2015) Louisiana law professor. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He died less than a month after his 73rd birthday.
1940 ~ Terry Gilliam (né Terrance Vance Gilliam), American-born British actor. He was a member of Monty Python. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
1939 ~ Tom West (né Joseph Thomas West, d. May 19, 2011), American businessman who put the soul in a new machine. He was the subject of Tracy Kidder’s The Soul of a New Machine. He was a famous computer engineer. He was born in New York, New York. He died of a heart attack at age 71 in Westport, Massachusetts.
1939 ~ Allen Garfield (né Allen Goorwitz; d. Apr. 7, 2020), American supporting actor known for portraying talky, nervy characters. He was born in Newark, New Jersey. He died in Los Angeles, California of complications of Covid-19 at age 80.
1932 ~ Robert Vaughn (né Robert Francis Vaughn; d. Nov. 11, 2016), American actor best who found fame for his role as Napoleon Solo in the television series The Man from U.N.C.L.E. He was born in New York, New York. He died 11 days before his 84th birthday in Danbury, Connecticut.
1927 ~ Theodore Gaffney (d. Apr. 12, 2020), African-American photographer who went undercover to document the Freedom Riders as they boarded busses to protest segregation in the Deep South. He died on Easter Sunday at age 92.
1925 ~ Jerrie Mock (née Geraldine Fredritz, d. Sept. 30, 2014), American housewife who flew around the world. In 1960, she became the first woman to fly solo around the world. The journey took her 29 days, 11 hours and 59 minutes. She was born in Newark, Ohio. She died at age 88 in Quincy, Florida.
1924 ~ Geraldine Page (née Geraldine Sue Page; b. June 13, 1987), American actress. She was born in Kirksville, Missouri. She died of a heart attack at age 62 in New York, New York.
1921 ~ Rodney Dangerfield (né Jacob Rodney Cohen; d. Oct. 5, 2004), American comedian and actor. He was born in Babylon, New York. He died at age 82 in Los Angeles, California.
1918 ~ Claiborne Pell (né Claiborne de Borda Pell; d. Jan. 1, 2009), United States Democratic Senator from Rhode Island who was best known as the sponsor of the Pell Grant, which provides financial aid funding to United States college students. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 90 in Newport, Rhode Island.
1917 ~ Sir Andrew Huxley (né Andrew Fielding Huxley, d. May 30, 2012), English physiologist and biophysicist. He was the recipient of the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was also half-brother of writer Aldous Huxley. He was born in London, England. He died at age 94 in Cambridge, England.
1914 ~ Peter Townsend (né Peter Wooldridge Townsend; d. June 19, 1995), English military officer. He is most well-known for his ill-fated romance with England’s Princess Margaret. He was born in Rangoon, Burma. He died at age 80 in Saint-Leger-en-Yvelines, France.
1912 ~ Doris Duke (d. Oct. 28, 1993), American philanthropist and art collector. She was an American tobacco heiress. She was born in New York, New York. She died about a month before her 81st birthday in Beverly Hills, California.
1905 ~ James Burnham (d. July 28, 1987), American philosopher and political theorist. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 81 in Kent, Connecticut.
1904 ~ Louis Néel (né Louis Eugène Félix Néel; d. Nov. 17, 2000), French physicist and recipient of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Lyon, France. He died 5 days before his 96th birthday.
1899 ~ Hoagy Carmichael (né Howard Hoagland Carmichael; d. Dec. 27, 1981), American singer-songwriter and composer. He was born in Bloomington, Indiana. He died about a month after his 82nd birthday in Rancho Mirage, California.
1898 ~ Wiley Post (né Wiley Hardeman Post; d. Aug. 15, 1935), American aviator. He was the first pilot to fly around the world. He was born in Corinth, Texas. He was killed in a plane crash with Will Rogers when his plane developed engine problems during take-off in Barrow, Alaska. He died at age 36.
1890 ~ General Charles de Gaulle (né Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle; d. Nov. 9, 1970), French general and 1stPresident of the 5th Republic of France. He served as President from 1958 until 1969. He was born in Lille, France. He died 13 days before his 80th birthday.
1876 ~ Percival Proctor Baxter (d. June 12, 1969), 53rd Governor of Maine. He served in Office as Governor from January 1921 until January 1925. Baxter State Park, with Mount Katahdin, was named in his honor. He was born and died in Portland, Maine. He died at age 92.
1869 ~ André Gide (né André Paul Guillaume Gide; d. Feb. 19, 1951), French writer and recipient of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born and died in Paris, France. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died at age 81.
1868 ~ John Nance Garner, III (d. Nov. 7, 1967), 32nd Vice President of the United States. He served under President Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1933 until 1941. Prior to service as Vice President, he was the 39th Speaker of the House of Representatives. He died 15 days before his 99th birthday in Uvalde, Texas.
1852 ~ Paul-Henri-Benjamin d’Estournelles de Constant (d. May 15, 1924), French diplomat and recipient of the 1909 Nobel Peace Prize. He was an advocate of international arbitration. He died at age 71 in Paris, France.
1819 ~ George Eliot (née Mary Anne Evans; d. Dec. 22, 1880), English writer, best known for her novels, Mill on the Floss and Silas Marner. She was one of the leading writers of the Victorian era. She died a month after her 61st birthday in London, England.
1808 ~ Thomas Cook (d. July 18, 1892), English travel agent and founder of the Thomas Cook Group. He died at age 83.
1744 ~ Abigail Adams (née Abigail Smith; d. Oct. 28, 1818), 2nd First Lady and wife of President John Adams. She was born in Waymouth, Massachusetts Bay, British America. She died about a month before her 74th birthday in Quincy, Massachusetts.
1698 ~ Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal (d. Aug. 4, 1778), Canadian-American politician and 10thGovernor of French Louisiana, from 1743 until 1753. He was born in Quebec, New France. He died at age 79 in Paris, France.
1643 ~ René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle (d. Mar. 19, 1687), French explorer. He is best known for his searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. He claimed the entire Mississippi River basin for France. He was murdered by his own men near what is today near Huntsville, Texas. He was 43 years old.
1602 ~ Princess Elisabeth of France (d. Oct. 6, 1644), Queen consort of Spain and Queen consort of Portugal. She was the 1st wife of Philip IV, King of Spain and King of Portugal (1605 ~ 1665). They married in 1615. She was of the House of Bourbon. She was the daughter of Henry IV, King of France and Marie de’Medici. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 41.
1533 ~ Alfonso II d’Este, Duke of Ferrara, Duke of Modena and Reggio (d. Oct. 27, 1597). His first wife was Lucrezia di Cosimo de’Medici (1545 ~ 1561). They married in 1558. She died less than 3 years later at age 16 of tuberculosis. His second wife was Barbara, Archduchess of Austria (1539 ~ 1572). They married in 1565. After her death, he married Margherita Gonzaga (1564 ~ 1618). He was of the House of Este. He was the son of Ercole I d’Este, Duke of Ferrara, Duke of Modena and Reggio and Princess Renée of France. He was Roman Catholic. He died about a month before his 64th birthday.
1532 ~ Princess Anne of Denmark (d. Oct. 1, 1585), Electress consort of Saxony and first wife of Augustus, Elector of Saxony (1526 ~ 1586). They married in 1548. She was of the House of Oldenburg. She was the daughter of Charles III, King of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg. She was Lutheran. She died at age 52 after a long illness.
1515 ~ Mary of Guise (d. June 11, 1560), French noblewoman and Queen consort of Scotland. She was also known as Mary of Lorraine. She was the second wife of James V, King of Scotland (1512 ~ 1542). He was her 2nd husband. They married in 1538. She had previously been married to Louis II, Duke of Longueville (1510 ~ 1537). They had married in 1534. She was of the House of Guise. She was the daughter of Claude, Duke of Guise and Antionette de Bourbon. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 44.
Events that Changed the World:
2022 ~ A 5.5 magnitude earthquake struck in Indonesia. At over 260 people were killed by the quake.
2022 ~ A mass shooting in a Walmart in Chesapeake, Virginia left 7 people dead, including the shooter, and 4 others injured.
2018 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.
2012 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.
2012 ~ A ceasefire began between Hamas in the Gaza Strip and Israel after eight days of violence.
2007 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.
2005 ~ Angela Merkel (b. 1954) became the first female Chancellor of Germany. She remained in Office until December 2021.
2001 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.
1995 ~ Toy Story was released. It was the first feature-length film created entirely with computer-generated images.
1995 ~ A 7.3 magnitude earthquake struck in the Gulf of Aqaba, between the Sinai Peninsula and Saudi Arabia.
1990 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.
1975 ~ Juan Carlos (b. 1938) was declared King of Spain following the death of dictator Francisco Franco (1892 ~ 1975). He abdicated in June 2014 in favor of his son, Felipe VI, King of Spain (b. 1968).
1974 ~ The United Nations General Assembly granted the Palestine Liberation Organization observer status.
1963 ~ President John F. Kennedy (1917 ~ 1963) was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, along with police officer, J.D. Tippit (1924 ~ 1963). Texas Governor John Connally (1917 ~ 1993) was seriously wounded. The alleged shooter, Lee Harvey Oswald (1930 ~ 1963), was later captured and charged with murder. While in police custody, Oswald was shot and killed by Jack Ruby (1911 ~ 1967). Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson (1908 ~ 1973) was sworn in as the 36th President.
1956 ~ The Summer Olympics opened in Melbourne, Australia.
1943 ~ Lebanon gained its independence from France.
1928 ~ Joseph Maurice Ravel’s Boléro premiered.
1869 ~ In Dumbarton, Scotland, the clipper ship Cutty Sark was launched. This ship was one of the last tea clipper ship that was built and was one of the fastest of its kind. The ship was named after Cutty-sark, the nickname of the witch in Robert Burn’s poem Tam o’Shanter.
Good-Byes:
2022 ~ Cissy Marshall (née Cecilia Suyat; b. July 20, 1928), American civil rights activist and wife of United States Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall. She was his second wife. They married in 1955. She was born in Pu’unene, Maui, Territory of Hawaii. She died at age 94 in Falls Church, Virginia.
2021 ~ Sylvia Weinstock (née Sylvia Silver; d. Jan. 28, 1930), American master of luxury wedding cakes. She crafter multitiered confections that were covered with botanically correct sugar flowers. She was born in The Bronx, New York. She died at age 91 in Tribeca, New York.
2015 ~ Adele Morales Mailer (née Adele Carolyn Morales; b. June 12, 1925), American artist who was stabbed by her author husband, Norman Mailer. She was his second wife. She was born and died in New York, New York. She died of pneumonia at age 90.
2011 ~ Lynn Margulis (née Lynn Petra Alexander; b. Mar. 5, 1938), American biologist and evolutionary theorist. Carl Sagan was her first husband. She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She died at age 73 following a hemorrhagic stroke in Amherst, Massachusetts.
2011 ~ Lana Peters (née Svetlana Iosifovna Stalina; b. Feb. 28, 1926), Russian who was Stalin’s peripatetic daughter. She moved to the United States and changed her name. She was born in Moscow, Soviet Union. She died at age 85 in Richland Center, Wisconsin.
2002 ~ Infanta Beatriz of Spain (b. June 22, 1909), member of the Spanish royal family. She became Princess of Civitella-Cesi through her marriage to Don Alessandro Torlonia, 5th Prince of Civitella-Cesi (1911 ~ 1986). It was a morganatic marriage, so she had to renounce her rights to the Spanish throne. They married in 1935. She was of the House of Bourbon. She was the daughter of Alfonso XIII, King of Spain and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 93.
2001 ~ Mary Kay Ash (née Mary Kathryn Wagner; b. May 12, 1918), American entrepreneur and founder of Mary Kay Cosmetics. She was born in Cypress, Texas. She died in Dallas, Texas at age 83.
1993 ~ Anthony Burgess (né John Anthony Burgess Wilson; b. Feb. 25, 1917), British author best known for his novel, A Clockwork Orange. He died at age 76 in London, England.
1986 ~ Scatman Crothers (né Benjamin Sherman Crothers; b. May 23, 1910), African-American actor and comedian. He was born in Terre Haute, Indiana. He died of pneumonia and lung cancer at age 76 in Van Nuys, California.
1981 ~ Sir Hans Adolf Krebs (b. Aug. 25, 1900), German-born physician and biochemist. He was the recipient of the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his identification of the metabolic cycle now known as the Krebs cycle. He died at age 81 in Oxford, England.
1980 ~ Mae West (née Mary Jane West; b. Aug. 17, 1893), American actress and sex symbol. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. She died at age 87 in Los Angeles, California.
1980 ~ John W. McCormack (né John William McCormack; b. Dec. 21, 1891), Speaker of the House of Representatives in the United States Congress. He served as Speaker of the House from January 1962 until January 1971. He was from member of Congress from Massachusetts. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died in Dedham, Massachusetts a month before his 89th birthday.
1963 ~ J.D. Tippit (né Jefferson Davis Tippit; b. Sept. 18, 1924), American police officer who was killed, possibly by Lee Harvey Oswald, while trying to protect President John F. Kennedy. He was born in Annona, Texas. He died in Dallas, Texas. He was 39 years old.
1963 ~ John Fitzgerald Kennedy (b. May 29, 1917), 35th President of the United States. He served as President from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963. He was born in Brookline, Massachusetts. He was assassinated at age 46 in Dallas, Texas.
1963 ~ C.S. Lewis (né Clive Staples Lewis, b. Nov. 29, 1898), Irish author best known for his novels The Screwtape Letters and The Chronicles of Narnia. He was also an Anglican lay theologian and his writings reflect his religious beliefs. He was born in Belfast, Ireland. He died 7 days before his 65th birthday in Oxford, England.
1963 ~ Aldous Huxley (né Aldous Leonard Huxley; b. July 26, 1894), English-born author. He is best known for his novel Brave New World. He was born in Godalming, Surrey, England. He died at age 69 of laryngeal cancer in Los Angeles, California.
1962 ~ René Coty (né Jules Gustave René Coty; b. Mar. 20, 1882), 2nd and last President of Fourth French Republic. He served as President from January 1954 until January 1959. He was born and died in Le Lavre, France. He died at age 80.
1955 ~ Shemp Howard (né Samuel Horowitz; b. Mar. 11, 1985), American comedian best known for his role as one of the Three Stooges. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died at age 60 of a heart attack in Los Angeles, California.
1944 ~ Sir Arthur Eddington (né Arthur Stanley Eddington; b. Dec. 28, 1882), British physicist and mathematician. He died of cancer at age 61 in Cambridge, England.
1919 ~ Mary Rudge (b. Feb. 6, 1842), English chess master. She was born in Leominster, United Kingdom. She died at age 77 in London, United Kingdom.
1916 ~ Jack London (né John Griffith Chaney; b. Jan. 12, 1876), American writer, best known for his novels, White Fang, and The Call of the Wild. He was born in San Francisco, California. He died at age 40 in Glen Ellen, California.
1902 ~ Walter Reed (b. Sept. 13, 1851), American bacteriologist and Army surgeon who studied and discovered the cause of yellow fever. He was born in Gloucester County, Virginia. He died at age 51 following an infection from a ruptured appendix in Washington, D.C.
1900 ~ Sir Arthur Sullivan (né Arthur Seymour Sullivan; b. May 13, 1842), English composer who collaborated with Sir William Gilbert and composed a number of comic operettas. He was born and died in London, England. He died of heart failure at age 58.
1896 ~ George Washington Gale Ferris, Jr. (b. Feb. 14, 1859), American engineer and inventor of the Ferris Wheel. The Ferris Wheel was created for the 1893 Chicago World’s Columbian Exhibition. He was born in Galesburg, Illinois. He died at age 37 of typhoid fever in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
1875 ~ Henry Wilson (né Jeremiah Jones Colbath; b. Feb. 16, 1812), Vice President of the United States. He served as President Ulysses S. Grant’s second Vice President from March 1873 until his death in November 1875. He died in Office. He had previously served as a United States Senator from Massachusetts from January 1885 until March 1973. When he was 21, he legally changed his name to Henry Wilson. The reason for the name change is unclear. He was born in Farmington, New Hampshire. He died of a stroke at age 63 in Washington, D. C.
1871 ~ Oscar James Dunn (b. 1826), African-American activist and politician. He was Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana during the Reconstruction period, from 1868 until his death in November 1971. He was born into slavery in New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1868, he became the first African-American lieutenant governor in any State in the United States. He was born and died in New Orleans, Louisiana. The exact date of his birth is not known. He is believed to have been about 45 years old at the time of his death.
1813 ~ Johann Christian Reil (b. Feb. 20, 1759), German physician. He coined the term “psychiatry”. He died of typhus at age 54.
1718 ~ Blackbeard (né Edward Teach, b. 1680), British pirate. He was killed off the coast of North Carolina in a battle with the British Royal Navy. The date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 38 years old at the time of his death.
1697 ~ Libéral Bruant (b. 1635), French architect best known for designing the Hôtel des Invalides in Paris, France. The date of his birth is not known.
1594 ~ Sir Martin Frobisher (b. 1539), English explorer. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been between 55 and 59 at the time of his death.
1286 ~ Eric V, King of Denmark (d. 1249). He ruled Denmark from 1259 until his murder in 1286. He was married to Agnes of Brandenburg. He was of the House of Estridsen. He was the son of Christopher I, King of Denmark and Margaret Sambiria. He was Roman Catholic. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 36 or 37 at the time of his murder.
950 ~ Lothair II, King of Italy (b. 920s). He ruled Italy from 947 until his death in 950. In 947 he married Adelaide of Italy. He was of the Dynasty of Bosonids. He was the son of Hugh of Provence and Alda.
365 ~ Antipope Felix II. The date of his birth is not known, but it was believed to have been around 287.
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