Birthdays:
1967 ~ Mira Sorvino (née Mira Katherine Sorvino), American actress. She was born in Manhattan, New York.
1964 ~ Janeane Garofalo (née Ganeane Marie Garafalo), American actress and comedian. She was born in Newton, New Jersey.
1957 ~ Bill Cassidy (né William Morgan Cassidy), United States Republican Senator from Louisiana. He assumed the Office in January 2015. He is also a physician. He was born in Highland Park, Illinois.
1956 ~ Martha Isabel Fandiño Pinilla, Colombian-Italian mathematician. She was born in Pacho, Columbia.
1950 ~ John Sayles (né John Thomas Sayles), American movie director. He was born in Schenectady, New York.
1947 ~ Rhonda Hughes (née Rhonda Jo Weisberg), American mathematician.
1943 ~ J.T. Walsh (né James Thomas Patrick Walsh, d. Feb. 27, 1998), American actor. He was born in San Francisco, California. He died of a heart attack at age 54 in Lemon Grove, California.
1938 ~ Ben E. King (né Benjamin Earl Nelson; d. Apr. 30, 2015), African-American soul legend who sang Stand by Me. He was born in Henderson, North Carolina. He died at age 76 in Hackensack, New Jersey.
1934 ~ Brigitte Bardot (née Brigitte Anne-Marie Bardot), French actress. She was born in Paris, France.
1925 ~ Martin Kruskal (né Martin David Kruskal; d. Dec. 26, 2006), American physicist and mathematician. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 81 in Princeton, New Jersey.
1924 ~ Marcello Mastroianni (né Marcello Vincenzo Domenico Mastroianni; d. Dec. 19, 1996), Italian actor. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 72 in Paris, France.
1916 ~ Peter Finch (né Frederick George Peter Ingle Finch; d. Jan. 14, 1977), English-born Australian actor. He is best known for his role as television anchorman Howard Beale in the movie Network. He was born in London, England. He died at age 60 of a heart attack in Beverly Hills, California.
1915 ~ Ethel Rosenberg (d. June 19, 1953), American who was executed along with her husband, Julius (1918 ~ 1953), for allegedly spying for the Soviet Union. She was born in Manhattan, New York. She was 37 years old at the time of her execution at Sing Sing Prison in Ossining, New York.
1914 ~ Maria Agatha Franziska Gobertina von Trapp (d. Feb. 18, 2014), the singer whose life inspired The Sound of Music. She was the second oldest daughter of Captain von Trapp. She was born in Saltzburg, Austria-Hungary. She died at age 99 in Stowe, Vermont.
1909 ~ Al Capp (né Alfred Gerald Caplin; d. Nov. 5, 1979), American cartoonist. His is best known for his comic strip Li’l Abner. He was born in New Haven, Connecticut. He died of emphysema in South Hampton, New Hampshire at age 70.
1905 ~ Max Schmeling (né Maximillian Adolph Otto Siegfried Schmeling; d. Feb. 2, 2005), German boxer who defeated, then lost to, Joe Louis. He died at age 99.
1901 ~ Ed Sullivan (né Edward Vincent Sullivan; d. Oct. 13, 1974), American television show host. He was born and died in Manhattan, New York. He died of esophageal cancer 15 days after his 73rd birthday.
1901 ~ William S. Paley (né William Samuel Paley; d. Oct. 26, 1990), American radio and television executive. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died a month after his 89th birthday in New York, New York.
1900 ~ Isabel Pell (née Isabel Townsend Pell; d. June 5, 1951), American socialite and fighter in the French Resistance during World War II. She was born in Babylon, New York. She died at age 50 in New York, New York.
1899 ~ Boris Yefimov (d. Oct. 1, 2008), Soviet political cartoonist who was a favorite of Joseph Stalin. He was known for his critical political caricatures of Adolf Hitler and other Nazis. He was born in Kyiv, Ukraine. He died 3 days after his 109th birthday in Moscow, Russia.
1893 ~ Hilda Geiringer (d. Mar. 22, 1973), Austrian mathematician. In the early 1930, she and her then fiancé moved to Turkey to escape the Nazis. She later moved to the United States. She was born in Vienna, Austria. She died at age 79.
1890 ~ Florence Violet McKenzie (né Florence Violet Granville; d. May 23, 1983), Australian electrical engineer. She was Australia’s first female electrical engineer. She also founded the Women’s Emergency Signaling Corps and served in the Australian naval service. She was born in Melbourne, Australia. She died at age 91.
1887 ~ Avery Brundage (d. May 8, 1975), American businessman and 5th President of the International Olympic Committee. He served in that office during the 1972 Summer Olympics, when Palestinian terrorists slaughtered 11 Israeli athletes. At his insistence, following a memorial service for the Israeli athletes, the Olympic games continued. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He died of heart failure at age 87 in West Germany.
1865 ~ Amélie, Princess of Orléans (d. Oct. 25, 1951), Queen consort of Portugal and wife of Carlos I, King of Portugal. They married in 1886. She and her husband were both born in September 28, but she was 2 years younger. She was the last queen consort of Portugal. She was of the House of Orléans. She was the daughter of Philippe, Count of Paris and Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans. She was Roman Catholic. She died about a month after her 86th birthday.
1863 ~ Carlos I, King of Portugal (d. Feb. 1, 1908), He was King of Portugal from October 19, 1889 until his assassination 19 years later. He was known by many names, including Carlos the Diplomat, Carlos the Martyr and Carlos the Obese. He was married to Amélie, Princess of Orléans. They were married in 1886. They shared a birthday, although she was 2 years younger than Carlos. He was of the House of Braganza. He was the son of Luis I, King of Portugal and Maria Pia of Savoy. He was assassinated at age 44, along with his 20-year-old son, Luis Filipe, Prince Royal (1887 ~ 1908) in February 1908.
1860 ~ Paul Ulrich Vallard (d. Jan. 13, 1934), French chemist and physicist. He discovered gamma rays. He died at age 73.
1856 ~ Kate Douglas Wiggin (née Kate Douglas Smith; d. Aug. 24, 1923), American author. She is best known for her children’s novel, Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She died of pneumonia a month before her 67th birthday in Harrow, Middlesex, England.
1852 ~ Henri Moissan (né Ferdinand Frederick Henri Moissan; d. Feb. 20, 1907), French chemist and recipient of the 1906 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in isolating fluorine from its compounds. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died at age 54 from an acute case of appendicitis.
1852 ~ Isis Pogson (née Elizabeth Isis Pogson; d. May 14, 1945), British astronomer and meteorologist. She died at age 92 in London, England.
1841 ~ Georges Clemenceau (né Georges Benjamin Clemenceau; d. Nov. 24, 1929), Prime Minister of France. He was Prime Minister during World War I, from November 1917 until January 1920. He was a strong advocate for the separation of church and state. He died at age 88 in Paris, France.
1836 ~ Thomas Crapper (d. Jan. 27, 1910), English plumber and inventor of the ballcock in the modern toilet. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he was baptized on September 28, 1836. He died at age 73.
1735 ~ Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton (b. Mar. 14, 1811), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was Prime Minister from October 1768 until January 1770 during the reign of King George III. He was born and died inEuston, Suffolk, England. He died at age 75.
1605 ~ Ismaël Bullialdus (d. Nov. 25, 1694), French mathematician and astronomer. He died at age 89.
1571 ~ Caravaggio (né Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, d. July 18, 1610), Italian artist. He died under mysterious circumstances at age 38.
551 BCE ~ The traditional date ascribed to the birth of Confucius (d. 479 BCE). He is believed to have died at about age 71 or 72.
Events that Changed the World:
2020 ~ Yom Kippur.
2015 ~ Sukkot began at sunset.
2000 ~ Ariel Sharon (1928 ~ 2014) visited the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, a site generally off-limits to Jews, and known as the Al Aqsa Mosque to the Muslims.
1995 ~ Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin (1922 ~ 1995) and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat (1929 ~ 2004) signed the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
1971 ~ The Misuse of Drugs Act of 1971 was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom banning the medical use of cannabis.
1961 ~ A military coup in Damascus, Syria ended the United Arab Republic, which had been the union between Egypt and Syria.
1951 ~ CBS made the first color televisions available for sale to the public. Unfortunately, the product was short-lived and was discontinued less than a month later.
1950 ~ Indonesia was admitted to the United Nations.
1939 ~ Warsaw, Poland surrendered to Nazi Germany in World War II.
1928 ~ Sir Alexander Fleming (1881 ~ 1955), discovered that the penicillin mold could kill bacteria. In 1945, he would be the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for this discovery.
1885 ~ Riots broke out in Montreal, Canada in protest of the government’s mandatory smallpox vaccinations.
1867 ~ Toronto was named the capital of Ontario, Canada.
1844 ~ Oscar I of Sweden-Norway (1799 ~ 1859) was crowned King of Sweden.
1787 ~ The newly completed United States Constitution was voted on by the United States Congress to be sent to the individual state legislatures for approval.
1779 ~ Samuel Huntington (1731 ~ 1796) was elected President of the Continental Congress. He succeeded John Jay (1745 ~ 1829).
1066 ~ William the Conqueror (1028 ~ 1087) landed in England and began the Norman Conquest of England. At the time of the invasion of England, he was known as William the Bastard.
235 ~ Pope Pontain (d. 235) resigned the papacy in order to allow a smooth transition on the Church of Rome, which had been divided for the previous 18 years. He was the first Pope to resign. He is believed to have been killed within a month after his resignation.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Tommy Kirk (né Tommy Lee Kirk; b. Dec. 10, 1941), American Disney star who was fired for being gay. He was best known for his role as Travis Coates in the movie Old Yeller. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He died at age 79 in Las Vegas, Nevada.
2020 ~ Lod Cook (né Lodwrick Monroe Cook; b. June 17, 1928), American businessman from Castor, Louisiana. He earned his bachelor’s degree in mathematics from the Louisiana State University. The hotel on the campus of LSU is named for him. He was born in Castor, Louisiana. He died at age 92 in Sherman Oaks, California.
2016 ~ Gloria Naylor (b. Jan. 25, 1950), African-American novelist. She is best known for her novel The Women of Brewster Place. She was born in New York, New York. She died of a heart attack while visiting in Christiansted, U.S. Virgin Island at age 66.
2016 ~ Agnes Nixon (née Agnes Eckhardt; b. Dec. 10, 1922), American soap opera writer who put taboo subjects on television. She had a plotline about a character diagnosed with uterine cancer in 1962. She later had characters addressing such topics as child abuse, AIDS and racism. She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She died of Parkinson’s disease at age 93 in Haverford, Pennsylvania.
2016 ~ Shimon Peres (né Szymon Perski; b. Aug. 2, 1923), Israeli politician and statesman who never gave up on peace. He held nearly every high office in Israel over his long career. He served as Prime Minister of Israel from November 1995 until June 18, 1996. He served as the President of Israel from July 2007 until July 2014. He also served as finance minister and defense minister. In the 1950s, he helped develop Israel’s military capability. As Prime Minister in 1986, he pulled Israeli troops out of most of Lebanon. As foreign minister, he shared the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize with Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat for negotiating a framework to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. He was born in Wiszniew, Poland. He died of a stroke at age 93 in Ramat Gan, Israel.
2005 ~ Constance Baker Motley (née Constance Baker; b. Sept. 14, 1921), African-American lawyer, federal judge and politician. She was the first African-American woman to argue before the United States Supreme Court. After graduating from law school, she clerked for Justice Thurgood Marshall. She was born in New Haven, Connecticut. She died 2 weeks after her 84th birthday in New York, New York.
2004 ~ Geoffrey Beene (né Samuel Albert Bozeman, Jr.; b. Aug. 30, 1927), American fashion designer. He was born in Hayesville, Louisiana. He died of cancer 29 days after his 77th birthday in New York, New York.
2003 ~ Althea Gibson (b. Aug. 25, 1927), African-American tennis player and golfer. She was the first Black to cross the color line of international tennis. In 1956, she was the first African-American to win a Grand Slam in tennis. She was born in Clarendon County, South Carolina. She died about a month after her 76th birthday in East Orange, New Jersey.
2003 ~ Elia Kazan (né Elias Kazantzoglou, b. Sept. 7, 1909), Greek-American actor and movie director. He was born in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire (what is now Istanbul, Turkey). He died 3 weeks after his 94th birthday in New York, New York.
2000 ~ Pierre Trudeau (Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau, b. Oct. 18, 1919), 15th Prime Minister of Canada. In 2015, his son, Justin (b. 1971) became the 23rd Prime Minister of Canada. He was born and died in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Pierre died 20 days before his 81st birthday.
1993 ~ Peter de Vries (b. Feb. 27, 1910), American novelist. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 83 in Norwalk, Connecticut.
1991 ~ Miles Davis (né Miles Dewey Davis, III; b. May 26, 1926), African-American Jazz trumpeter, bandleader and composer. He was born in Alton, Illinois. He died at age 65 in Santa Monica, California.
1990 ~ Larry O’Brien (né Lawrence Francis O’Brien; b. July 7, 1917), 57th United States Postmaster General. He served under President Lyndon Johnson from November 1965 until April 1968. He subsequently served as the 3rdCommissioner of the NBA from 1975 until 1984. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. He died of cancer at age 73 in New York, New York.
1989 ~ Ferdinand Marcos (né Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos; b. Sept. 11, 1917), Filipino politician and 10thPresident and dictator of the Philippines. He died 16 days after his 72nd birthday.
1978 ~ Pope John Paul I (né Albino Luciani; b. Oct. 17, 1912). He served as Pope for only 33 days, from August 26 until September 28, 1978. He died 19 days before his 66th birthday.
1976 ~ Margherita Piazzola Beloch (b. July 12, 1879), Italian mathematician. She is best known for her contribution to mathematical paper folding and algebraic topology. She was born in Frascati, Italy. She died at age 97 in Rome, Italy.
1970 ~ Gamal Abdel Nasser (b. Jan. 15, 1918), second president of Egypt. He was born in Alexandria, Sultanate of Egypt. He died of a heart attack at age 52 in Cairo, United Arab Republic while still in office. Anwar Sadat was named his successor.
1970 ~ John Dos Passos (né John Roderigo Dos Passos; b. Jan. 14, 1896), American novelist. He is best known for his trilogy U.S.A. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 74 in Baltimore, Maryland.
1964 ~ Harpo Marx (né Adolph Marx; b. Nov. 23, 1888), second-oldest of the Marx brothers, American comedian and actor. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died at age 75 in Los Angeles, California.
1956 ~ William E. Boeing (né Wilhelm Böing; b. Oct. 1, 1881), American aviation pioneer and founder of the Boeing Company. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He died in Puget Sound, Washington just 3 days before 75th birthday.
1953 ~ Edwin Hubble (né Edwin Powell Hubble; b. Nov. 20, 1889), American astronomer. The Hubble telescope is named in his honor. He was born in Marshfield, Missouri. He died of cerebral thrombosis at age 63 in San Marino, California.
1938 ~ Charles Duryea (né Charles Edgar Duryea; b. Dec. 15, 1861), American automobile pioneer. He was born in Canton, Illinois. He died at age 76 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1914 ~ Richard Sears (né Richard Warren Sears; b. Dec. 7, 1863), American businessman and co-founder of the department store, Sears and Roebuck. He was born in Stewartville, Minnesota. He died at age 50 of Bright’s disease in Waukesha, Wisconsin.
1898 ~ Thomas F. Bayard (né Thomas Francis Bayard; b. Oct. 29, 1828), 30th United States Secretary of State. He served from March 1885 until March 1889 during the administrations of Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison. He was born in Wilmington, Delaware. He died in Dedham, Massachusetts about a month before his 70th birthday.
1895 ~ Louis Pasteur (b. Dec. 27, 1822), French microbiologist who made major contributions to medicine. He is best known for developing a process of using heat to kill germs, which is used today to preserve milk. This process is known as pasteurization. He died at age 78.
1891 ~ Herman Melville (b. Aug. 1, 1819), American novelist best known for his novel Moby Dick. He was heavily influenced by Richard Henry Dana’s novel, Two Years Before the Mast, when he wrote Moby Dick. Interestingly, they were both born on the same day, just 4 years apart. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died at age 72.
1869 ~ Guglielmo Libri Carucci dalla Sommaja (b. Jan. 1, 1803), Italian mathematician. He is best known for his love and theft of ancient and precious manuscripts. He was born in Florence, Italy. He died at age 66 in Fiesole, Italy.
1694 ~ Gabriel Mouton (b. 1618), French mathematician. The exact date of his birth is not known.
1330 ~ Elizabeth of Bohemia (b. Jan. 20, 1292), Queen consort of Bohemia and first wife of John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia. She was of the House of Přemyslid. She was the daughter of Wenceslaus II, King of Bohemia and Judith of Habsburg. She died of tuberculosis at age 38.
1213 ~ Gertrude of Merania (b. 1185), Queen consort of Hungary. She was the first wife of Andrew II, King of Hungary. She was of the House of Andechs. She was the daughter of Berthold IV, Duke of Merania and Agnes of Rochlitz. She was Roman Catholic. The exact date of her birth is not known. She was assassinated at about age 27 or 28 while her husband was away in battle..
1197 ~ Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. Nov. 1165). He ruled from April 1191 until his death in 1197. He was married to Constance I, Queen of Sicily. He was of the House of Hohenstaufen. He was the son of Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, also known as Barbarosa, and Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 31 at the time of his death.
935 ~ Wenceslas I, Duke of Bohemia (b. 907). He is also known as Saint Wenceslas. He ruled over Bohemia from February 921 until his assassination by his brother, Boleslaus I of Bohemia. He was of the House of Přemyslid. He was the son of Vratislaus I, Duke of Bohemia and Drahomíra. He was about 28 years old at the time of his death. The exact date of is birth is not known.
135 ~ Rabbi Akiva (b. 50), Jewish scholar and rabbi. He was a leading contributor to the Mishnah.
48 B.C.E. ~ Pompey (b. Sept. 29, 106 B.C.E.), the date the Roman General was believed to have been assassinated. He is believed to have died 1 day before his 58th birthday.
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