Birthdays:
1983 ~ Donald Glover (né Donald McKinley Glover), African-American actor best known for his role as Troy Barnes on the television sit-com Community. He also performed as a rapper under the name Childish Gambino. He was born at the Edwards Air Force Base in California.
1969 ~ Catherine Zeta-Jones, Welsh actress and wife of Michael Douglas (b. 1944), whose birthday is also on this date. She was born in Swansea, Wales.
1968 ~ Will Smith (né Willard Carroll Smith, Jr.), American actor. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1962 ~ Aida Turturro, American actress. She is best known for her role as Janice Soprano on the television series The Sopranos. She was born in Brooklyn, New York.
1961 ~ Heather Locklear (née Heather Deen Locklear), American actress. She was born in Los Angeles, California.
1952 ~ Christopher Reeve (né Christopher D’Olier Reeve; d. Oct. 10, 2004), American actor best known for his role as Superman in the movie of the same name. He was paralyzed following an equine accident in 1995. He was born in New York, New York. He died about 3 weeks after his 52nd birthday in Mount Kisco, New York.
1952 ~ bell hooks (né Gloria Jean Watkins; d. Dec. 15, 2021), African American cultural activist, author and theorist who helped push feminism to include the voices of Black and working-class women. She was born in Hopkinsville, Kentucky. She died of kidney failure in Berea, New York at age 69.
1951 ~ Mark Hamill (né Mark Richard Hamill), American actor who played Luke Skywalker in the original Star Warsmovie. He was born in Oakland, California.
1949 ~ Pedro Almodóvar (née Pedro Almodóvar Caballero), Spanish movie director.
1947 ~ Cheryl Tiegs (née Cheryl Rae Tiegs), American model. She was born in Breckenridge, Minnesota.
1944 ~ Michael Douglas (né Michael Kirk Douglas), American actor who shares his birthday with his wife, Catherine Zeta-Jones (b. 1969). He was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey.
1943 ~ Robert Gates (né Robert Michael Gates), 22nd United States Secretary of Defense. He served under Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama, from December 2006 through June 2011. He was born in Wichita, Kansas.
1936 ~ Juliet Prowse (née Juliet Anne Prowse; d. Sept. 14, 1996), South-African singer and dancer. She was born in Bombay, British India. She died of pancreatic cancer 11 days before her 60th birthday in Los Angeles, California.
1935 ~ Lo Hsing Han (d. July 6, 2013), Burmese drug lord. He was called the “Godfather of Heroin.” He went from being a rural drug trafficker to a well-connected and rich businessman. He died at age 77.
1931 ~ Bryan John Birch, English mathematician.
1930 ~ Shel Silverstein (né Sheldon Allen Silverstein; d. May 10, 1999), American poet, composer and author of children’s books. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of a heart attack at age 68 in Key West, Florida.
1929 ~ Kevin White (né Kevin Hagan White; d. Jan. 27, 2012), American politician and 51st Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts. He was the mayor who remade Boston. He served as Mayor from January 1968 until January 1984. He was born and died in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 82.
1929 ~ Barbara Walters (née Barbara Jill Walters), American television journalist. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
1927 ~ Sir Colin Davis (né Colin Rex Davis; d. Apr. 14, 2013), Longtime British conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra. He died at age 85.
1919 ~ Betty Ballantine (née Elizabeth Jones; d. Feb. 12, 2019), American publisher who helped make paperbacks mainstream. She and her husband created Bantam Books and Ballantine Books, which focused on paperback books. She was born in British India. She died at age 99 in Bearsville, New York.
1911 ~ Earl Cooley (d. Nov. 9, 2009), the American firefighter who pioneered smoke jumping. He was born in Hardin, Montana. He died at age 98 in Missoula, Montana.
1906 ~ Dmitri Shostakovich (d. Aug. 9, 1975), Soviet composer and pianist. He was born in St. Petersburg, Russia. He died of heart failure in Moscow, Soviet Union at age 68.
1903 ~ Mark Rothko (né Markus Yakovlevich Rotkovich; d. Feb. 25, 1970), Latvian-born American painter. He was born in the country now known as Latvia. He died by suicide at age 66 in New York, New York.
1897 ~ William Faulkner (né William Culbert Falkner; d. July 6, 1962), American southern writer and recipient of the 1949 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born in New Albany, Mississippi. He died of a heart attack at age 64 in Byhalia, Mississippi.
1893 ~ Harald Cramér (d. Oct. 5, 1985), Swedish mathematician. He was born and died in Stockholm, Sweden. He died 10 days after his 92nd birthday.
1881 ~ Lu Xun (d. Oct. 19, 1936), Chinese writer. He was a leading figure in modern Chinese literature. He died 24 days after his 55th birthday.
1866 ~ Thomas Hunt Morgan (d. Dec. 4, 1945), American evolutionary biologist, geneticist and embryologist. He was the 1933 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the role chromosomes played in heredity. He was born in Lexington, Kentucky. He died at age 79 in Pasadena, California.
1847 ~ Vinnie Ream (née Lavinia Ellen Ream Hoxie; d. Nov. 20, 1914), American sculptor. She is best known for the statue of Abraham Lincoln in the United States Capitol rotunda. She was 18 years old when she received the commission for this statue. She was born in Madison, Wisconsin. She died at age 67 in Washington, D.C.
1764 ~ Fletcher Christian (d. Sept. 20, 1793), English navy officer and mutineer who seized control of the Bounty from Captain Bligh. He was killed on Pitcairn’s Island 5 days before his 29th birthday.
1744 ~ Frederick William II, King of Prussia (d. Nov. 16, 1797). He ruled over Prussia from August 1786 until his death in November 1797. He was married several times. In 1765, he married Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Crown Princess of Prussia. They divorced in 1769. His second wife was Frederica Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt. His next two marriages were morganastic and bigamist, as he never divorced his second wife. His third wife was Julie von Voß. After her death, he married Sophie von Dönhoff. They separated after 2 years of marriage. He was of the House of Hohenzollern. He was the son of Prince Augustus William of Prussia and Duchess Luise of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. He was a Calvinist. He died at age 53.
1711 ~ Qianlong (d. Feb. 7, 1799), 5th Chinese Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. He abdicated 2 years before his death in favor of his son. He died at age 87.
1694 ~ Henry Pelham (d. Mar. 6, 1754), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served as Prime Minister from August 1743 until his death at age 59 in March 1754. He served during the reign of King George II.
Events that Changed the World:
2022 ~ Erev Rosh HaShanah.
2018 ~ Bill Cosby (b. 1937) was sentenced to three to 10 years in prison after having been convicted for sex offenses. In June 2021, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court overturned his conviction on technical grounds and Cosby was released from prison.
2014 ~ Rosh HaShanah.
2003 ~ An 8.3 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Japan.
1981 ~ Sandra Day O’Connor (b. 1930) became the 102nd person sworn in as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court and the first woman to hold this office. She had been approved by the Congress a few days earlier.
1977 ~ The first Chicago Marathon was held. Approximately 4,200 runners participated.
1974 ~ The first ulnar collateral ligament replacement surgery was performed on baseball player Tommy John (b. 1943). This surgery is now referred to as Tommy John surgery.
1942 ~ The Swiss Police Instruction of September 25, 1942 went into effect, which denied Jewish refugees entry into Switzerland during World War II.
1911 ~ Ground was broken for the construction of Fenway Park, home of the Boston Red Sox.
1890 ~ The United States Congress established Sequoia National Park in California.
1789 ~ The United States Congress passed the Bill of Rights, the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution.
1775 ~ During the American Revolutionary War, Ethan Allen (1738 ~ 1789) surrendered to British forces after attempting to capture Montreal during the Battle of Longue-Pointe.
1513 ~ Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475 ~ 1519) reached what would become known as the Pacific Ocean, thereby becoming the first recorded European to have discovered this Ocean coming from the East.
1237 ~ England and Scotland signed the Treaty of York, thereby establishing the location of their common border.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli (b. June 30, 1928), Islamic philosopher, religious leader and mathematician. He was born and died in Amol, Iran. He died at age 92.
2017 ~ Joseph W. Schmitt (né Joseph William Schmitt; b. Jan. 2, 1916), American technician who suited up NASA’s first astronauts. He helped design and develop the astronauts’ first space suits. He was born in O’Fallon, Illinois. He died at age 101 in Friendswood, Texas.
2016 ~ Rod Temperton (né Rodney Lynn Temperton; b. Oct. 9, 1949), British reclusive composer who wrote Thriller, the title trace of Michael Jackson’s 1982 album. He died of cancer 2 weeks before his 67th birthday in London, England.
2016 ~ Jean Shepard (née Ollie Imogene Shepard; b. Nov. 21, 1933), the American country star who sang of independent women. She was born in Pauls Valley, Oklahoma. She died at age 82 in Nashville, Tennessee.
2016 ~ Arnold Palmer (né Arnold Daniel Palmer; b. Sept. 10, 1929), American professional champion golfer who helped bring the sport to the masses. He was born in Latrobe, Pennsylvania. He died 15 days after his 87th birthday in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
2012 ~ Andy Williams (né Howard Andrew Williams; b. Dec. 3, 1927), American singer and entertainer, who is considered the last of the great easy-listening crooners. He was born in Wall Lake, Iowa. He died of cancer at age 84 in Branson, Missouri.
2011 ~ Wangari Maathai (b. Apr. 1, 1940), Kenyan environmentalist who fought for Africa’s forests. She was the recipient of the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize. She was the first African woman to win this prize for her work in sustainable development. She died of ovarian cancer at age 71 in Nairobi, Kenya.
2005 ~ M. Scott Peck (né Morgan Scott Peck; b. May 22, 1936), American psychiatrist and author. He is best known for his 1978 book, The Road Less Travelled. He was born in New York, New York. He was in poor health and died at age 69 in Warren, Connecticut.
2005 ~ Don Adams (né Donald James Yarmy; b. Apr. 13, 1923), American actor and comedian. He is best known for his role as Agent Smart in the TV comedy, Get Smart. He was born in New York, New York. He died of lymphoma at age 82 in Los Angeles, California.
2003 ~ George Plimpton (né George Ames Plimpton; b. Mar. 18, 1927), American journalist and actor. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died of a heart attack at age 76.
2003 ~ Franco Modigliani (b. June 18, 1918), Italian economist and recipient of the 1985 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. He was born in Rome, Italy. He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts at age 85.
1999 ~ Marion Zimmer Bradley (née Marion Eleanor Zimmer; b. June 3, 1930), American author. She is best known for her Arthurian novel, The Mists of Avalon. She was born in Albany, New York. She died of heart failure at age 69 in Berkeley, California.
1995 ~ Annie Elizabeth “Bessie” Delany (b. Sept. 3, 1891) African-American dentist and author. She and her older sister, Sarah Delany (1889 ~ 1999) wrote the book, Having Our Say: The First 100 Years. The book was published when both sisters were over 100 years old. Sarah Delany died at age 109 and Bessie died 22 days weeks after her 104th birthday. Bessie was born in Raleigh, North Carolina. Sadie was born in Lynch’s Station, Campbell County, Virginia. Both sisters died in Mount Vernon, New York.
1991 ~ Klaus Barbie (né Nikolaus Barbie; b. Oct. 25, 1913), convicted Nazi war criminal. He was known as the Butcher of Lyon. He died of cancer in prison in Lyon, France about a month before his 78th birthday.
1987 ~ Emlyn Williams (né George Emlyn Williams; b. Nov. 26, 1905), Welsh writer. He was born in Mostyn, Flintshire, Wales. He died at age 81 of cancer in London, England.
1986 ~ Nikolay Semyonov (b. Apr. 15, 1896), Russian chemist and recipient of the 1956 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the mechanism of chemical transformation. He died at age 90 in Moscow, Soviet Union.
1983 ~ Leopold III, King of Belgium (b. Nov. 3, 1901). He reigned as King from February 1934 until July 1951 when he abdicated in favor of his son, Prince Baudouin. He was married twice. His first wife was Princess Astrid of Sweden. They married in 1926. She was killed in a car accident in 1935. His second wife was commoner Mary Lilian Baels. They married in 1941. He was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha until 1920, when the family became known as the House of Belgium. He was the son of Albert I, King of Belgium and Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria. He was born and died in Brussels, Belgium. He died at age 81.
1971 ~ Hugo Black (né Hugo Lafayette Black; b. Feb. 27, 1886), Associate Justice on the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He served on the Court from August 1837 until his retirement on September 17, 1971. He served on the court for 34 years. He replaced Willis Van Devanter on the Court and was succeeded by Lewis Powell. In his early life, he had been a member of the Ku Klux Klan, but resigned in 1925. He was born in Harlan, Alabama. He suffered a stroke 2 days after he retired and died in Bethesda, Maryland shortly thereafter at age 83.
1970 ~ Erich Maria Remarque (né Erich Paul Remark; b. June 22, 1898), German writer, best known for his World War I novel, All Quiet on the Western Front. He died at age 72.
1960 ~ Emily Post (née Emily Price; b. Oct. 27, 1873), American etiquette expert. The exact date of her birth is disputed but is generally considered to be October 27. She was born in Baltimore, Maryland. She died in New York, New York about a month before her 88th birthday.
1938 ~ Anna Laurens Dawes (b. May 14, 1851), American writer, social activist and suffragist. She was born in North Adams, Massachusetts. She died at age 87.
1933 ~ Ring Lardner (né Ringgold Wilmer Lardner; b. Mar. 6, 1885), American sports columnist and satirical writer of short stories. He was born in Niles, Michigan. He died of tuberculosis at age 48 in East Hampton, New York.
1870 ~ Robert Cooper Grier (b. Mar. 5, 1794), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President James Polk. He replaced Henry Baldwin on the High Court. He was succeeded by William Strong. He served on the Court from August 1846 through January 1870. He was born in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. He died at age 76, just nine months following his retirement from the Court in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1861 ~ Ludwig Immanuel Magnus (b. Mar. 15, 1790), German mathematician. He was born and died in Berlin, Germany. He died at age 71.
1849 ~ Johann Strauss, Sr. (b. Mar. 14, 1804), Austrian composer. He died at age 45.
1826 ~ Princess Frederica of Baden (b. Mar. 12, 1781), Queen consort of Sweden and wife of Gustav IV Adolf, King of Sweden. They married in 1797. They divorced in 1812. She was of the House of Zähringen. She was the daughter of Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Langravine Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt. She died of heart disease at age 45 in Lausanne, Switzerland.
1777 ~ Johann Heinrich Lambert (b. Aug. 26, 1728), Swiss mathematician. He died a month after his 49th birthday in Berlin, Prussia.
1680 ~ Samuel Butler (b. Feb. 14, 1613), English poet. The actual date of his birth is unknown, but he was baptized on Feb. 14, 1613. He died at age 67 in London, England.
1665 ~ Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (b. Jan. 13, 1610), Electress consort of Bavaria and second wife of Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria. Her husband also happened to be her uncle. She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Anna of Bavaria. She died at age 55.
1536 ~ Johannes Secundus (né Jan Everaerts; b. Nov. 15, 1511), Dutch poet. He was born in The Hague, Dutch Republic. He died at age 24.
1534 ~ Pope Clement VII (né Giulio di Giuliano de’Medici; b. May 26, 1478). He was Pope from November 1523 until his death in 1534. He died at age 56.
1506 ~ Philip I, King of Castile (b. July 22, 1478). He reigned from July to September 1506. He was known as Philip the Handsome. He was married to Joanna of Castile. He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Mary, Duchess of Burgundy. He died suddenly at age 28, probably of typhoid fever.
1066 ~ Princess Maria Haraldsdotter of Norway. She was the daughter of Harald Hardrada and his first wife, Elisiv of Kiev. She is the first Norwegian known to have been named Maria. She died suddenly after learning of her father’s death. The date of her birth is not known.
1066 ~ Harald Hardrada, King of Norway (b. 1015). He ruled over Norway from 1046 until his death in September 1066. He was married twice. His first wife was Elisiv of Kiev. His second wife was Tora Torbergsdatter. He was of the House of Hardrada. He was the son of Sigurd Syr and Åsta Gudbrandsdatter. He was Catholic. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 50 or 51 at the time of his death. He was killed in the Battle of Stamford Bridge by an arrow to the throat.
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