Birthdays:
2007 ~ Princess Ariane of the Netherlands.
1988 ~ Haley Joel Osment, American actor.
1959 ~ Brian Setzer (né Brian Robert Setzer), American musician and frontman for the Stray Cats.
1954 ~ Anne Lamott, American author and political activist.
1954 ~ Peter MacNicol, American actor. He was born in Dallas, Texas.
1941 ~ Paul Theroux (né Paul Edward Theroux), American travel writer and novelist. He was born in Medford, Massachusetts.
1938 ~ Don Meredith (né Joseph Don Meredith; d. Dec. 5, 2010), American football quarterback who lit up the broadcast booth. His nickname was “Dandy Don.” He died at age 72 of a brain hemorrhage.
1934 ~ David Halberstam (d. Apr. 23, 2007), American journalist and author. He was killed in a car accident 13 days before his 73rd birthday.
1932 ~ Blaze Starr (née Fannie Belle Fleming; d. June 15, 2015), American burlesque star and stripper who had a long affair with Louisiana Governor Earl K. Long. She was known as the Hottest Blaze in Burlesque. She was 83 years old.
1932 ~ Omar Sharif (né Michel Dimitri Chalhoub; d. July 10, 2015), Egyptian actor and playboy who excelled in exotic roles. He was best known for his role as Dr. Zhivago in the movie of the same name and for his role in Lawrence of Arabia. He died of a heart attack at age 83.
1929 ~ Max von Sydow (né Carl Adolf von Sydow; d. Mar. 8, 2020), Swedish actor who played chess with Death. He is best known for his role as a disillusioned medieval knight who challenged Death to a game of chess in Ingmar Bergman’s 1957 movie The Seventh Seal. He was born in Lund, Sweden. He died about a month before his 91stbirthday in Provence, France.
1927 ~ Marshall Warren Nirenberg (d. Jan. 15, 2010), American biochemist and recipient of the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for breaking the genetic code. He died at age 82.
1927 ~ Joan Quigley (née Joan Ceciel Quigley; d. Oct. 23, 2014), American astrologer who guided First Lady Nancy Reagan. She died at age 87.
1926 ~ Gustav Metzger (d. Mar. 1, 2017), German artist who made a career out of destruction. He died at age 90.
1921 ~ Chuck Connors (né Kevin Joseph Aloysius Connors; d. Nov. 10, 1992), American baseball player and actor. He is best known for his role in the television western, The Rifleman. He died of lung cancer at age 71.
1919 ~ John Houbolt (né John Cornelius Houbolt; d. Apr. 15, 2014), American engineer who helped NASA reach the moon. He died of Parkinson’s disease in Scarborough, Maine 5 days after his 95th birthday.
1917 ~ Robert Burns Woodward (d. July 8, 1979), American organic chemist and recipient of the 1965 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born and died in Boston, Massachusetts. He died of a heart attack at age 62.
1915 ~ Harry Morgan (né Harry Bratsberg; d. Dec. 7, 2011), American hardest-working actor in Hollywood. He was best known for his role as Col. Sherman Potter on the television sit-com M*A*S*H. He died at age 96.
1910 ~ Yosef Shalom Eliashiv (d. July 18, 2012), Lithuanian-Israeli Haredi rabbi. He died at age 102.
1909 ~ Jimmy Cannon (d. Dec. 5, 1973), American sports journalist. He was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame for his coverage of boxing. He died at age 64.
1903 ~ Clare Turlay Newberry (d. Feb. 12, 1970), American children’s author and illustrator. She died at age 66.
1887 ~ Bernardo Houssay (né Bernardo Alberto Houssay; d. Sept. 21, 1971), Argentine physiologist and recipient of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the role of the pituitary homes in regulating blood sugar levels. He died at age 84.
1880 ~ Frances Perkins (née Fannie Coralie Perkins; b. May 14, 1965), first woman to be appointed to a United States cabinet position when she was appointed as the 4th United States Secretary of Labor. She served under President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry Truman from March 1933 through June 1945. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She died at age 85.
1847 ~ Joseph Pulitzer (né József Pulitzer; d. Oct. 29, 1911), Hungarian-American publisher. He introduced the technique of yellow journalism, journalism with little well researched news. He became and American citizen and was a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York State. He died at age 64.
1829 ~ William Booth (d. Aug. 20, 1912), English Methodist minister and founder of the Salvation Army. He died at age 83.
1827 ~ Lew Wallace (né Lewis Wallace; d. Feb. 15, 1905), American lawyer, General in the American Civil War, and novelist, who’s best known book was Ben-Hur. He died at age 77.
1794 ~ Matthew C. Perry (né Matthew Calbraith Perry; d. Mar. 4, 1858), Commodore of the United States Navy. He died of rheumatic fever at age 63.
1778 ~ William Hazlitt (d. Sept. 18, 1830), British writer, literary critic, social commentator and philosopher. He died at age 52.
1755 ~ Samuel Hahnemann (né Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann, d. July 2, 1843), German physician best known for creating an alternative form of medicine now known as homeopathy. He died at age 88.
1651 ~ Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus (d. Oct. 11, 1708), German mathematician. He died at age 57.
1512 ~ King James V of Scotland (d. Dec. 14, 1542). He reigned over Scotland from September 1513 until his death 29 years later. He was married to Madeleine of Valois. She died 6 months after their marriage. He then married Mary of Guise, who was the mother of his successor, Mary, Queen of Scots. He died at age 30.
Events that Changed the World:
2019 ~ Massive gas explosion in downtown Durham, North Carolina. At least 1 person was killed and numerous others were injured.
2017 ~ Passover began at sunset.
2017 ~ Neil Gorsuch (b. 1967) was sworn is as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
1970 ~ Paul McCartney (b. 1942) announced that he was leaving the Beatles for personal reasons.
1963 ~ The nuclear submarine USS Thresher sank off the coast of Massachusetts, killing 129 American sailors. The submarine had begun its voyage from Bath, Maine.
1957 ~ The Suez Canal was reopened. It had been closed during the Suez crisis.
1953 ~ Warner Brothers released the first 3-D movie, which was entitled House of Wax, starring Vincent Price (1911 ~ 1993).
1944 ~ Rudolf Vrba (1924 ~ 2006) and Alfréd Wetzler (1918 ~ 1988) escaped from the Birkenau concentration camp. They reported what was going on in the camps. Their report helped to end the mass deportation of Hungarian Jews to the concentration camps.
1942 ~ The Bataan Death March began. After the Luzon, the main Philppine Island, surrendered to Japanese forces, over 75,000 Filipino and American troops who had been captured were forced to march over 85 miles to a prison camp. They were forced to march the route over a period of 6 days and were given only one meal of rice during the trek.
1925 ~ The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896 ~ 1940) was first published.
1912 ~ The Titanic left port in Southhampton, England on her first and only voyage. It would hit an iceberg and sink 5 days later.
1866 ~ The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCAP was founded in New York City by Henry Bergh (1813 ~ 1888), a philanthropist and diplomat.. He had been appointed to a diplomatic post in Russia and was horrified to see how the work horses there were beaten by their drivers.
1816 ~ The United States government approved of the creation of the Second Bank of the United States.
1815 ~ The Mount Tambora volcano on an island in Indonesia, began its three-month long eruption, which lasted through July 15, 1815. The volcano killed over 71,000 people and affected the Earth’s climate for over 2 years.
1710 ~ The Statute of Anne, the first law regulating copyright, became effective in Great Britain.
1606 ~ King James I of England (1566 ~ 1625) established the Virginia Company of London for the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America.
Good-Byes:
2013 ~ Sir Robert G. Edwards (né Robert Geoffrey Edwards; b. Sept. 27, 1925), English physiologist and recipient of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was a pioneer in vitro fertilization research who changed the rules of conception. He died at age 87.
2012 ~ Raymond Aubrac (né Raymond Samuel; b. July 31, 1914), French hero of the French Resistance. Following World War II, he became a civil engineer. He died at age 97.
2010 ~ Lech Kaczyński (b. June 18, 1949), President of Poland. He was killed in a plane crash in Russia. He was 60 years old.
2010 ~ Dixie Carter (née Dixie Virginia Carter, b. May 25, 1939), American actress. She is best known for her role as Julia Sugarbaker on the television sit-com Designing Women. She died in Houston, Texas of endometrial cancer at age 70.
1996 ~ Moshe Davis (b. Jan. 12, 1916), American rabbi and scholar of American Jewish history. He died at age 80.
1992 ~ Peter Mitchell (né Peter Dennis Mitchell; b. Sept. 29, 1920), English biochemist and recipient of the 1878 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his discovery of the chemiosmotic mechanism of the ATP synthesis. He died at age 71.
1990 ~ Wealthy Babcock (née Wealthy Consuelo Babcock; b. Nov. 11, 1895), American mathematician. She earned her Ph.D. from the University of Kansas and had a long teaching career at that university. She died at age 94.
1975 ~ Walker Evans (b. Nov. 3, 1903), American photographer and photojournalist. He is best known for his work with the Farm Security Administration, which documented the effects of the Great Depression. He died in New Haven, Connecticut at age 71.
1967 ~ Oscar Chisini (b. Mar. 4, 1889), Italian mathematician. He died at age 78.
1966 ~ Evelyn Waugh (né Arthur Evelyn St. John Waugh; b. Oct. 28, 1903), English writer. He died of heart failure at age 62.
1962 ~ Stuart Sutcliffe (né Stuart Fergusson Victor Sutcliffe; b. June 23, 1940), Scottish bass player who was briefly with the Beatles. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage at age 21.
1954 ~ Auguste Lumière (né Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière; b. Oct. 19, 1862), French movie director. He, along with his brother, Louis Jean Lumière (1864 ~ 1948), were considered to be the first filmmakesrs in history. They patented the cinematograph. Louis Jean died at age 83; Auguste was 91 at the time of his death.
1931 ~ Khalil Gibran (b. Jan. 6, 1883), Lebanese poet and painter. He is best known for his book of poetry entitled The Prophet. He died at age 48.
1920 ~ Moritz Cantor (né Moritz Benedikt Cantor; b. Aug. 23, 1829), German mathematician and historian. He died at age 90.
1919 ~ Emiliano Zapata (né Emiliano Zapata Salazar; b. Aug. 8, 1879), Mexican general and revolutionary. He was ambushed and killed by government forces. He died at age 39.
1813 ~ Joseph-Louis Lagrange (né Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia; b. Jan. 25, 1736), Italian-born mathematician. He died at age 77.
1806 ~ Horatio Gates (né Horatio Lloyd Gates; b. July 26, 1727), retired British soldier who served as an American General in the American Revolutionary War. He is credited for the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga. He died at age 78.
1585 ~ Pope Gregory XIII (né Ugo Boncompagni, b. Jan. 7, 1502). He was Pope from May 1572 until his death 13 years later. He is best known for commissioning, and being the namesake of, the Gregorian calendar. He died at age 83.
1533 ~ Frederick I of Denmark (b. Oct. 7, 1471). He was King from 1523 until his death 10 years later. He died at age 61.
1216 ~ Eric X of Sweden (b. 1180). The exact date of his birth is unknown.
879 ~ Louis the Stammerer (b. Nov. 1, 846), Frankish King. He died of an illness at age 32.
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