Birthdays:
1941 ~ Tom
Fogerty (né Thomas Richard Fogerty, d. Sept. 6, 1990), American singer and
guitarist for Creedence Clearwater Revival.
He died at age 48.
1936 ~ Mary Travers (d. Sept. 16, 2009),
American folksinger and member of the trio, Peter, Paul and Mary. She died of leukemia at age 72.
1934 ~ Carl Sagan (d. Dec. 20, 1996),
American astronomer and writer. He died
at age 62.
1929 ~ Imre Kertéz (d. Mar. 31, 2016),
Hungarian writer and recipient of the 2002 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was a Holocaust survivor and his writings
reflect his experiences. He is best
known for his quasi-autobiographical novel, Fatelessness. He died at age 86.
1928 ~ Anne
Sexton (d. Oct. 4, 1974), American poet.
She was from Massachusetts. She
committed suicide at age 45.
1924 ~ Joy
Page (née Joy Cerrette Paige, d. Apr. 18, 2008), American actress best known
for her role as Annina Brandel in the film Casablanca. She was 83 years old.
1922 ~ Imre Lakatos (d. Feb. 2, 1974),
Hungarian mathematician. He fled to
England during World War II. He died of
a heart attack at age 51.
1918 ~ Spiro T. Agnew (d. Sept. 17,
1996), 39th Vice President of the United States. He served under President Richard Nixon. He resigned the Office following an
investigation of extortion, tax fraud, bribery and conspiracy. He died at age 77.
1915 ~ Sargent Shriver (né Robert Sargent
Shriver, d. Jan. 18, 2011), American politician who married into the Kennedy
clan. He was the Kennedy in-law who
battled poverty. He died at age 95.
1914 ~ Hedy Lamarr (née Hedwig
Eva Maria Kiesler, d. Jan. 19, 2000), Austrian actress and inventor. He died at age 85.
1897 ~ Ronald George Wreyford Norrish (d.
June 7, 1978), English chemist and recipient of the 1967 Nobel Prize in
Chemistry. He died at age 80.
1886 ~ Ed Wynn (né Isaiah Edwin Leopold,
d. June 19, 1966), American actor, best known for his role in Mary Poppins. He died at age 79 of throat cancer.
1885 ~ Hermann Weyl (d. Dec. 8, 1955),
German mathematician. He died a month
after his 70th birthday.
1885 ~ Thedor Kaluza (d. Jan. 19, 1954),
German mathematician. He died at age 68.
1880 ~ Sir Giles Gilbert Scott (d. Feb.
8, 1960), British architect and designer of the iconic red telephone box. He died at age 79.
1871 ~ Florence R. Sabin (d. Oct. 3,
1953), American medical scientist. She
was the first woman to hold a full professorship at Johns Hopkins School of
Medicine. She died at age 81.
1853 ~ Stanford White (d. June 25, 1906),
American architect. He was murdered by
Henry Thaw because of his affair with Evelyn Nesbit, Thaw’s wife. He was 52 years old at the time of his death.
1841 ~ King Edward VII of the United
Kingdom (d. May 6, 1910). He was the
eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
He became King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in
January 1901. He ruled as King until his
death in May 1910. He was 68 years old.
1818 ~ Ivan Turgenev (b. Sept. 3, 1883),
Russian novelist. He died at age 64.
1801 ~ Gail Borden (d. Jan. 11, 1874), American
publisher and inventor. He invented
condensed milk. After his death, the
name of his company, the New York Condensed Milk Company, was renamed the
Borden Dairy Company. He died at age 72.
1731 ~ Benjamin Banneker (d. Oct. 9, 1806),
African-American astronomer, surveyor and naturalist. He died a month before his 75th
birthday.
1683 ~ King George II of Great Britain
(d. Oct. 25, 1760). He died about 2
weeks before his 77th birthday.
9 ~ Vespasian (d. June 23, 79), Roman
emperor. This is the traditional date
ascribed to his death. He was 69 at the
time of his death.
Events that Changed the World:
2005 ~ Suicide bombers attacked three
hotels in Amman, Jordan, killing at least 60 people.
1998 ~ Capital punishment was abolished
in the United Kingdom.
1994 ~ The chemical element Darmstadtium
was discovered. Its atomic number is
110. It is an extremely radioactive
synthetic element. It was created in
Darmstadt, Germany, hence its name.
1989 ~ The Berlin Wall was torn down,
thus marking the beginning of the reunification of East and West Germany.
1985 ~ Garry Kasparov (b. 1963) of the
Soviet Union became the youngest World Chess Champion at age 22 when he beat
Anatoly Karpov.
1967 ~ The Rolling Stone magazine
began publication.
1965 ~ Several northeastern United States
and parts Canada were hit by a series of blackouts that lasted over 13 hours.
1960 ~ Robert McNamara (1916 ~ 2009) was
named President of the Ford Motor Company.
He was the first non-Ford member to serve in that office. He resigned a month later, however, to become
John F. Kennedy’s Secretary of Defense.
1953 ~ Cambodia gained its independence
from France.
1938 ~ The Nazi pogrom known as
Kristallnacht, or the Night of the Broken Glass, occurred, when the Nazis
attached Jewish synagogues and businesses throughout Germany. The rioting was initiated following the death
of Nazi diplomat Ernest vom Rath by gunshot wounds inflicted by Jewish
resistance fighter Herschel Grynszpan.
1918 ~ Kaiser Wilhelm II (1859 ~ 1942) abdicated
the German throne after the German Revolution and Germany was proclaimed a
Republic.
1913 ~ The Great Lakes Storm of 1913,
which was the most destructive natural disaster to hit the Great Lakes. Nineteen ships were destroyed and over 250
people were killed.
1907 ~ The Cullinan Diamond was presented
to King Edward VII (1841 ~ 1910) as a birthday gift.
1906 ~ President Theodore Roosevelt (1858
~ 1919) became the first sitting President to make an official visit outside
the United States, when he visited Panama to see the progress on the Panama
Canal.
1887 ~ The United States received the
rights to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
1872 ~ The Great Boston fire of 1872
began. The fire burned for 12 hours, but
destroyed over 770 buildings. Despite
the enormity of the fire, only 13 people were killed as its result.
1857 ~ The
Atlantic magazine was founded in Boston, Massachusetts.
1720 ~ The Yehudah he-Hasid synagogue in
Jerusalem was burned down by Arabs, leading to the expulsion of the Ashkenazim
from the city.
1688 ~ William of Orange (1650 ~ 1702) captured
Exeter during the Glorious Revolution.
1620 ~ The Pilgrims on the Mayflower are believed to have sighted
land at Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
1494 ~ The
de’Medici family was expelled from Florence, Italy.
1282 ~ Pope
Martin IV excommunicated King Peter III of Aragon.
694 ~ At the Seventeenth Council of
Toledo, Visigoth King Egica of Hispania accused the Jews of aiding Muslims in
Hispania. He sentenced all the Jews in
the area to slavery.
Good-Byes:
2012 ~ Valerie Eliot (née Esme Valerie
Fletcher, b. Aug. 17, 1926), British loyal wife who guarded T.S. Eliot’s
legacy. She was his second wife and was
38 years younger than her husband. She
died at age 86.
2012 ~ James L. Stone (b. Dec. 27, 1922),
American soldier who fought in the Korean War and who had to wait for his rare
honor. He earned the Medal of Honor in
1952 but rarely spoke of his war time.
He died at age 89.
2012 ~ Sergey Nikolsky (b. Apr. 30,
1905), Russian mathematician. He died at
age 107.
2009 ~ Earl
Cooley (b. Sept. 25, 1911), the American firefighter who pioneered smoke
jumping. He died at age 98.
2008 ~ Miriam
Makeba (née Zenzile Miriam Makeba, b. Mar. 4, 1932), South African singer known
as “Mama Africa.” She died at age 76.
2006 ~ Ed Bradley (né Edward Rudolph
Bradley, Jr., b. June 22, 1941), American journalist. He died at age 65 from leukemia.
2004 ~ Stieg Larsson (né Karl Stig-Erland
Larsson, b. Aug. 15, 1954), Swedish writer, best known for his The Girl with
the Dragon Tattoo, series. He died
of a heart attack at age 50.
2003 ~ Art Carney (b. Nov. 4, 1918),
American actor. He died 5 days after his
85th birthday.
1988 ~ John N. Mitchell (b. Sept. 15,
1913), 67th United States Attorney General. He served under President Richard Nixon. He died at age 75.
1970 ~ General Charles André Joseph Marie
de Gaulle (b. Nov. 22, 1890), French general and 1st President of
the 5th Republic of France.
He served as President from 1958 until 1969. He died 13 days before his 80th
birthday.
1953 ~ Dylan Thomas (b. Oct. 27, 1914),
Welsh poet. He died 2 weeks after his 39th
birthday.
1952 ~ Chaim Weizmann (b. Nov. 27, 1874),
1st President of the State of Israel. He served as President from February 1949
until his death 3 years later. He died
in Office just 18 days before his 78th birthday.
1940 ~ Neville Chamberlain (né Arthur
Neville Chamberlain, b. Mar. 18, 1869), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
from 1837 ~ 1940. He is best known for
his attempt to “maintain peace for our time” through appeasement of Nazi
Germany for signing the Munich Agreement, which conceded the Sudentenland
region of Bohemia to Germany. He died 6
months after leaving office. He died at
age 71, just 6 months after leaving Office..
1937 ~ Ramsay MacDonald (né James
MacDonald Ramsey, b. Oct. 12, 1866), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for
two terms during the reign of King George V.
He was the first Labor Party Prime Minster. He died less than a month after his 71st
birthday.
1935 ~ Walter Lowrie Fisher (b. July 4,
1862), 25th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under Presidents William Taft and
Woodrow Wilson. He was in Office from
March 1911 until March 1913. He died at
age 73.
1924 ~ Henry Cabot Lodge (b. May 12,
1850), American politician from Massachusetts.
He died following a stroke suffered after gall bladder surgery. He was 74 years old.
1854 ~ Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton (b.
Aug. 9, 1757), American wife of Alexander Hamilton. She died at age 97.
1830 ~ Jan Śniadecki (b. Aug. 29, 1756),
Polish mathematician. He died at age 72.
959 ~ Constantine VII (b. May 905),
Byzantine emperor. He is believed to
have been about 54 at the time of his death.
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