November 19

Birthdays:

1983 ~ Adam Driver, American actor.

1966 ~ Shmuley Boteach, American rabbi and author.

1964 ~ Fred Diamond, American mathematician.

1962 ~ Jody Foster, American actress.

1961 ~ Meg Ryan, American actress.

1959 ~ Allison Janney, American actress.

1942 ~ Daniel Francis Haggerty (d. Jan. 15, 2016), American animal loving actor best known for playing the title role in The Life and Times of Grizzly Adams.  He died of spinal cancer at age 73.

1942 ~ Calvin Klein, American clothing designer.

1941 ~ Tommy George Thompson, 19^th United States Secretary of Health and Human Services.   He served under President George W. Bush from January 2001 until January 2005.

1939 ~ Garrick Utley (né Clifton Garrick, d. Feb. 20, 2014), American news journalist and television news anchor. He died of prostate cancer age 74.

1939 ~ Emil Constantinescu, 3^rd President of Romania.  He served as President from November 1996 until December 2000.

1938 ~ Ted Turner (né Robert Edward Turner, III), American businessman and founder of the Turner Broadcasting System.

1936 ~ Yuan T. Lee, Taiwanese-born chemist and recipient of the 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

1936 ~ Richard “Dick” Cavett, American talk show host.

1933 ~ Larry King (né Lawrence Harvey Zeiger), American television personality.

1926 ~ Jeane Kirkpatrick (d. Dec. 7, 2006), 16^th United States Ambassador to the United Nations.  She died 18 days after her 80^th birthday.

1921 ~ Roy Campanella (d. June 26, 1993), American baseball player and coach.  He died at age 71.

1920 ~ Gene Tierney (d. Nov. 6, 1991), American actress.  She died 13 days before her 71^st birthday.

1919 ~ Alan Young (né Angus Young, d. May 19, 2016), English-born Canadian-American actor and television personality.  He was best known for his role as Wilber Post on the television sit-com, Mister Ed.  He died at age 96.

1917 ~ Indira Gandhi (d. Oct. 31, 1984), Prime Minister of India and first woman to hold that Office.  She served as Prime Minister from 1966 to 1977 and again from 1980 until her assassination on October 21, 1984.  She was assassinated by two of her Sikh bodyguards.  Her assassination caused riots throughout India in which nearly 10,000 Sikhs were killed.  She was killed 19 days before her 67^th birthday.

1915 ~ Earl Wilber Sutherland, Jr. (d. Mar. 9, 1974), American physiologist and pharmacologist.  He was the recipient of the 1971 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.  He died at age 58.

1912 ~ George Emil Palade (d. Oct. 8, 2008), Romanian cell biologist and recipient of the 1974 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.  He died at age 95.

1909 ~ Peter Drucker (d. Nov. 11, 2005), American management theorist.  He is best known for the development of the Peter Principle, in which ineptitude rises to the top.  He died 8 days before his 96^th birthday.

1905 ~ Thomas “Tommy” Francis Dorsey, Jr. (d. Nov. 26, 1956), American bandleader.  He died 7 days after his 51^st birthday.

1904 ~ Nathan F. Leopold, Jr. (d. Aug. 29, 1971), American murderer.  In 1924, he, along with his college friend, Richard Albert Loeb (1905 ~ 1936), kidnapped and murdered 14-year Robert Franks simply because they thought they could get away with the “perfect crime.”  They were quickly arrested and tried for the crime.  Both were sentenced to life in prison.  Loeb was killed in prison by a fellow inmate.  Leopold was paroled in 1958.  He died of a heart attack at age 66.

1901 ~ Nina Bari (d. July 15, 1961), Russian mathematician.  She was killed at age 59 when she fell in front of a metro train in Moscow.

1900 ~ Mikhail Lavrentyev (d. Oct. 15, 1980), Russian physicist and mathematician.  He died about a month before his 80^th birthday.

1895 ~ Louise Dahl-Wolfe (d. Dec. 11, 1989), American photographer.  She died 22 days after her 94^th birthday.

1894 ~ Heinz Hopf (d. June 3, 1971), German mathematician whose major field was topology.  He died at age 76.

1887 ~ James B. Sumner (d. Aug. 12, 1955), American chemist and recipient of the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.  He was born in Canton, Massachusetts.  He died at age 67.

1876 ~ Tatyana Afanasyeva (d. Apr. 14, 1964), Russian-born Dutch mathematician.  She died at age 87.

1862 ~ William “Billy” Sunday (d. Nov. 6, 1935), American baseball player-turned-evangelist.  He died 13 days before his 73^rd birthday.

1831 ~ James Garfield (d. Sept. 19, 1881), 20^th President of the United States.  He was the last United States President to have been born in a log cabin.  He was assassinated shortly after taking office, becoming the second President to be assassinated, and the fourth President to die in office.  He began his term as President in March 1881.  He died from wounds suffered after being shot by an assassin on July 2, 1881.  He is believed to have contracted an infection due to poor medical practices.  He was 49 years old at the time of his death.

1805 ~ Ferdinand Marie, Vicomte de Lesseps (d. Dec. 7, 1894), French diplomat and engineer who developed the Suez Canal.  The company he organized began work on the Canal in 1859 and completed the task 10 years later.  He died 18 days after his 89^th birthday.

1752 ~ George Clark (d. 1818), American general and frontiersman.  He was the older brother of William Clark of Lewis and Clark fame.  George Clark died of a stroke at age 65.

1600 ~ King Charles I of England (d. Jan. 30, 1649).  He was tried and convicted of high treason and was beheaded at age 48.

Events that Changed the World:

1998 ~ The impeachment hearings against President Bill Clinton (b. 1946) began in the Lewinsky scandal.

1979 ~ The Ayatolla Ruhollah Khomeina (1902 ~ 1989) granted the release of 13 black American hostages who had been captured and held at the US Embassy in Tehran.

1969 ~ Apollo 12 astronauts Pete Conrad (1930 ~ 1999) and Alan Bean (b. 1932) landed at the moon’s Ocean of Storms to become the third and fourth humans to walk on the Moon.

1959 ~ The Ford Motor Company discontinued production of the Edsel.

1955 ~ The National Review began publication.

1950 ~ Dwight David Eisenhower (1890 ~ 1969) became the Supreme Commander of NATO-Europe.

1947 ~ King George VI (1895 ~ 1952) of the United Kingdom made Philip Mountbatten (B. 1921) the Duke of Edinburgh in preparation of his wedding to then Princess Elizabeth (b. 1926).

1943 ~ Nazis murdered over 6,000 Jews at the Janowska concentration in the western Lviv, Ukraine.  This was in retaliation after a failed uprising by and a mass escape attempt.

1916 ~ Goldwyn Pictures was established by Samuel Goldwyn (1879 ~ 1974) and Edgar Selwyn (1875 ~ 1944).

1881 ~ A meteorite landed near the village of Grossliebenthal, near Odessa,Ukraine.

1863 ~ President Abraham Lincoln (1809 ~ 1865) delivered the Gettysburg Address.

1816 ~ Warsaw University was established.

Good-Byes:

2015 ~ Malvin “Mal” Whitfield (b. Oct. 11, 1924), American runner who became a sporting ambassador.  He was a track star at the 1948 and 1952 Summer Olympics.  He died about a month after his 91^st birthday.

2014 ~ Mike Nichols (né Mikhail Igor Peschkowsky, b. Nov. 6, 1931), German-born American film and theater director.  He is one of a small group of people who can claim the EGOT, having won an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar and Tony Award.  He was the director who was able to conquer Broadway.  His fourth wife was Diane Sawyer.  He died of a heart attack two weeks after his 83^rd birthday.

2013 ~ Dora Jean Dougherty Srother McKeown (b. Nov. 27, 1921), American military pilot.  She was well known as a Woman Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) and B-29 Suprefortress demonstration pilot.  She died 8 days before her 92^nd birthday.

2013 ~ Frederick Sanger (b. Aug. 13, 1918), British biochemist and recipient of the two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry.  He has the 1958 and the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.  He died at age 95.

2012 ~ Warren Rudman (b. May. 18, 1930), American Senator from New Hampshire who fought to curb deficits.  He is best known for his key role in bipartisan efforts to rein in federal deficits and the enactment of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Balanced Budget Act of 1985.  He died at age 82.

2011 ~ John Smale (b. Aug. 1, 1927), American executive who lead Proctor and Gamble to growth.  He died at age 84.

2008 ~ Clive Barnes (b. May 13, 1927), English critic who wielded Broadway’s most pointed pen.  He died of liver cancer at age 81.

2004 ~ Sir John Robert Vane (b. Mar. 29, 1927). English pharmacologist and recipient of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in deciphering how aspirin works.  He died at age 77.

1998 ~ Alan J. Pakula (b. Apr. 7, 1928), American film director best known for Sophie’s Choice and All the President’s Men.  He died at age 70.

1988 ~ Christina Onassis (b. Dec. 11, 1950), American-born Greek heiress and socialite.  She was the daughter of Ari Onassis and the step-daughter of Jackie Kennedy Onassis.  She died of a heart attack 3 weeks before her 38^th birthday.

1918 ~ Joseph Fielding Smith (b. Nov. 13, 1838), 6^th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints.  He died 6 days after his 80^th birthday.

1915 ~ Joe Hill (né Joel Emmanuel Hägglund, d. Oct. 7, 1879), Swedish-born American labor activist.  He was executed on murder charges by firing squad at age 36.

1887 ~ Emma Lazarus (b. July 22, 1849), American poet.  She is best known for her poem, The New Colossus, a portion of which is found on a plaque at the foot of the Statue of Liberty.  She died at age 38.

1850 ~ Richard Mentor Johnson (b. Oct. 17, 1780), 9^th Vice President of the United States.  He served under President Martin Van Buren from March 1837 until March 1841.  He died a month after his 70^th birthday.

1828 ~ Franz Schubert (b. Jan. 31, 1797), Austrian composer.  He died at age 31.

1822 ~ Johann Georg Tralles (b. Oct. 15, 1763), German mathematician.  The crater Tralles on the moon is named in his honor.  He died a month after his 59^th birthday.

498 ~ Pope Anastasius II (b. 445).  He was Pope from November 24, 496 until his death 2 years later.  The date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 53 at the time of his death.

496 ~ Pope Gelasius I.  He was Pope from March 492 until his death on this date 4 years later.  The date of his birth is not known.