November 22

Birthdays:

1984 ~ Scarlett Johansson, American actress.

1967 ~ Mark Ruffalo, American actor.

1961 ~ Mariel Hemingway, American actress and granddaughter of Ernest Hemingway.

1958 ~ Jamie Lee Curtis, American actress.

1956 ~ Richard Kind, American actor.

1950 ~ Tina Waymouth, American musician and member of the Talking Heads.

1949 ~ Richard Carmona, American physician and 17^th Surgeon General of the United States.  He served under President George W. Bush from August 2002 until July 2006.

1943 ~ Billie Jean King, American tennis player.

1942 ~ Chaney Joseph, Jr. (d. Dec. 18, 2015) Louisiana law professor.  He died less than a month after his 73^rd birthday.

1939 ~ Joseph Thomas West (d. May 19, 2011), American businessman who put the soul in a new machine.  He was the subject of Tracy Kidder’s The Soul of a New Machine.  He was a famous computer engineer.  He died of a heart attack at age 71.

1932 ~ Robert Vaughn (d. Nov. 11, 2016), American actor best known for his role as Napoleon Solo in the television series The Man from U.N.C.L.E.  He died 11 days before his 84^th birthday.

1925 ~ Geraldine “Jerrie” Mock (d. Sept. 30, 2014), American housewife who flew around the world.  In 1960, she became the first woman to fly solo around the world.  The journey took her 29 days, 11 hours and 59 minutes.  She died at age 88.

1924 ~ Geraldine Sue Page (b. June 13, 1987), American actress.  She died of a heart attack at age 62.

1921 ~ Rodney Dangerfield (né Jacob Cohen, d. Oct. 5, 2004), American comedian and actor.  He died at age 82.

1918 ~ Claiborne Pell (d. Jan. 1, 2009), US Democratic Senator from Rhode Island who was best known as the sponsor of the Pell Grant, which provides financial aid funding to U.S. college students.  He died at age 90.

1917 ~ Sir Andrew Fielding Huxley (d. May 30, 2012), English physiologist and biophysicist.  He was the recipient of the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.  He was also half brother of writer Aldous Huxley.  He died at age 94.

1914 ~ Peter Townsend (d. June 19, 1995), English military officer.  He is most well known for his ill-fated romance with England’s Princess Margaret.  He died at age 80.

1904 ~ Louis Néel (d. Nov. 17, 2000), French physicist and recipient of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics.  He died 5 days before his 96^th birthday.

1899 ~ Hoagy Carmichael (né Howard Hoagland Carmichael, d. Dec. 27, 1981), American singer-songwriter and composer.  He died at age 82.

1898 ~ Wiley Post (d. Aug. 15, 1935), American aviator.  He was the first pilot to fly around the world.  He was killed in a plane crash with Will Rogers when his plane developed engine problems during take-off in Barrow, Alaska.  He died at age 36.

1890 ~ General Charles de Gaulle (d. Nov. 9, 1970), French general and 1^st President of the 5^th Republic of France.  He served as President from 1958 until 1969.  He died 13 days before his 80^th birthday.

1876 ~ Percival Proctor Baxter (d. June 12, 1969), 53^rd Governor of Maine.  He served in Office as Governor from January 1921 until January 1925.  Baxter State Park, with Mount Katahdin, was named in his honor.  He died at age 92.

1869 ~ André Gide (d. Feb. 19, 1951), French writer and recipient of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Literature.  He died at age 91.

1868 ~ John Nance Garner, IV (d. Nov. 7, 1967), Vice President of the United States.  He served under President Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1933 until 1941.  Prior to service as Vice President, he was the 39^th Speaker of the House of Representatives.  He died 15 days before his 99^th birthday.

1852 ~ Paul-Henri-Benjamin d’Estournelles de Constant (d. May 15, 1924), French diplomat and recipient of the 1909 Nobel Peace Prize.  He was an advocate of international arbitration.  He died at age 71.

1819 ~ George Eliot (née Mary Anne Evans, d. Dec. 22, 1880), English writer, best known for her novels, Mill on the Floss and Silas Marner.  She died a month after her 61^st birthday.

1744 ~ Abigail Adams (b Oct. 28, 1818), 2^nd First Lady and wife of President John Adams.  She died about a month before her 74^th birthday.

1698 ~ Pierre de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal (d. Aug. 4, 1778), Canadian-American politician and 10^th Governor of French Louisiana, from 1743 until 1753.  He died at age 79.

1643 ~ René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle (d. Mar. 19, 1687), French explorer.  He is best known for his searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River.  He claimed the entire Mississippi River basin for France.  He was murdered by his own men.  He was 43 years old.

Events that Changed the World:

2012 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.

2012 ~ A ceasefire began between Hamas in the Gaza Strip and Israel after eight days of violence.

2007 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.

2005 ~ Angela Merkel (b. 1954) became the first female Chancellor of Germany.

2001 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.

1995 ~ Toy Story was the first feature-length film created entirely with computer-generated images.

1995 ~ A 7.3 magnitude earthquake struck in the Gulf of Aqaba, between the Sinai Peninsula and Saudi Arabia.

1990 ~ Thanksgiving Day in the United States.

1975 ~ Juan Carlos (b. 1938) was declared King of Spain following the death of dictator Francisco Franco (1892 ~ 1975).

1974 ~ The United Nations General Assembly granted the Palestine Liberation Organization observer status.

1963 ~ President John F. Kennedy (1917 ~ 1963) was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, along with police officer, J.D. Tippit (1924 ~ 1963).  Texas Governor John Connally (1917 ~ 1993) was seriously wounded.  The alleged shooter, Lee Harvey Oswald (1930 ~ 1963), was later captured and charged with murder.  While in police custody, Oswald was shot and killed by Jack Ruby (1911 ~ 1967).

1954 ~ The Humane Society of the United States was founded.

1943 ~ Lebanon gained its independence from France.

1928 ~ Joseph Maurice Ravel’s Boléro premiered.

1858 ~ The city of Denver, Colorado was founded.

Good-Byes:

2015 ~ Adele Morales Mailer (b. June 12, 1925), American artist who was stabbed by her author husband, Norman Mailer.  She was his second wife.  She died at age 90.

2011 ~ Lana Peters (née Svetlana Iosifovna Stalina, b. Feb. 28, 1926), Russian who was Stalin’s peripatetic daughter.  She moved to the United States and changed her name.  She died at age 85.

2010 ~ Frank Fenner (b. Dec. 21, 1914), Australian virologist who fought smallpox, malaria and rabbits.  He died a month before his 96^th birthday.

2001 ~ Mary Kay Ash (b. May 12, 1918), American entrepreneur and founder of Mary Kay Cosmetics.  She died at age 83.

1993 ~ Anthony Burgess (né John Anthony Burgess Wilson, b. Feb. 25, 1917), British author best known for his novel, A Clockwork Orange.  He died at age 76.

1986 ~ Scatman Crothers (né Benjamin Sherman Crothers, b. May 23, 1910), African-American actor and comedian.  He died of pneumonia and lung cancer at age 76.

1981 ~ Sir Hans Adolf Krebs (b. Aug. 25, 1900), German-born physician and biochemist.  He was the recipient of the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his identification of the metabolic cycle now known as the Krebs cycle.  He died at age 81.

1980 ~ Mae West (née Mary Jane West, b. Aug. 17, 1893), American actress.  She died at age 87.

1891 ~ John William McCormack (b. Dec. 21, 1891), Speaker of the House of Representatives in the United States Congress.  He served as Speaker of the House from January 1962 until January 1971.  He was from Massachusetts.  He died a month before his 89^th birthday.

1963 ~ J.D. Tippit (b. Sept. 18, 1924), American police officer who was killed by Lee Harvey Oswald while trying to protect President John F. Kennedy.  He was 39 years old.

1963 ~ John Fitzgerald Kennedy (b. May 29, 1917), 35^th President of the United States.  He was assassinated at age 46 in Dallas, Texas.

1963 ~ C.S. Lewis (né Clive Staples Lewis, b. Nov. 29, 1898), Irish author best known for his novels The Screwtape Letters and The Chronicles of Narnia.  He died 7 days before his 65^th birthday.

1963 ~ Aldous Huxley (b. July 26, 1894), English-born author.  He is best known for his novel Brave New World.  He died at age 69 of laryngeal cancer.

1962 ~ René Coty (b. Mar. 20, 1882), 17^th President of France.  He served as President from January 1954 until January 1959.  He died at age 80.

1955 ~ Shemp Howard (né Samuel Horowitz, b. Mar. 11, 1985), American comedian best known for his role as one of the Three Stooges.  He died at age 60 of a heart attack.

1916 ~ Jack London (né John Griffith Chaney, b. Jan. 12, 1876), American writer, best known for his novels, White Fang, and The Call of the Wild.  He died at age 40.

1902 ~ Walter Reed (b. Sept. 13, 1851), American bacteriologist and Army surgeon who studied and discovered the cause of yellow fever.  He died at age 51 following an infection from a ruptured appendix.

1900 ~ Sir Arthur Sullivan (b. May 13, 1842), English composer who collaborated with Sir William Gilbert and composed a number of comic operettas.  He died at age 58.

1896 ~ George Washington Gale Ferris, Jr. (b. Feb. 14, 1859), American engineer and inventor of the Ferris Wheel.  He died at age 37 of typhoid fever.

1875 ~ Henry Wilson (né Jeremiah Jones Colbath, b. Feb. 16, 1812), Vice President of the United States.  He served as President Ulysses S. Grant’s second Vice President from March 1873 until his death in November 1875.  He died in Office.  He was born in Farmington, New Hampshire.  When he was 21, he legally changed his name to Henry Wilson.  He died of a stroke at age 63.

1871 ~ Oscar James Dunn (b. 1826), African-American activist and politician.  He was Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana from 1868 until his death in November 1971.  He born into slavery in New Orleans, Louisiana.  In 1868, he became the first African American lieutenant governor in any State in the United States.  He is believed to have been about 45 years old at the time of his death.

1718 ~ Blackbeard (né Edward Teach, b. 1680), British pirate.  He was killed off the coast of North Carolina in a battle with the British Royal Navy.  The date of his birth is not known, but He is believed to have been about 38 years old at the time of his death.

1697 ~ Libéral Bruant (b. 1635), French architect best known for designing the Hôtel des Invalides.  The date of his birth is not known.

1286 ~ King Eric V of Denmark (d. 1249).  The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 36 or 37 at the time of his death.

365 ~ Antipope Felix II.  The date of his birth is not known.