National Cat Day
Birthdays:
1971 ~ Daniel J. Bernstein (né Daniel Julius Bernstein), American mathematician. He was born in East Patchogue, New York.
1971 ~ Winona Ryder (née Winona Laura Horowitz), American actress. She was born in Winona, Minnesota.
1967 ~ Rufus Sewell (né Rufus Frederik Sewell), English actor. He was born in London, England.
1961 ~ Dmitry Muratov (né Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov), Russian journalist and recipient of the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize.
1957 ~ Dan Castellaneta (né Daniel Louis Castellaneta), American voice actor best known for being the voice of Homer Simpson on the cartoon The Simpsons. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1951 ~ Dirk Kempthorne (né Dirk Arthur Kempthorne), 49th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President George W. Bush from June 2006 until January 2009. He had previously served as a United States Senator from Idaho. He was born in San Diego, California.
1950 ~ Abdullah Gül, President of Turkey from August 2007 until August 2014. He had previously served as the Prime Minister of Turkey from November 2002 until March 2003. He was born in Kayseri, Turkey.
1947 ~ Richard Dreyfuss (né Richard Stephen Dreyfus), American actor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.
1946 ~ Rick Jolly (né Richard Tadeusz Jolly; d. Jan. 13, 2018), British military surgeon who treated both friend and foe. He served in the 1982 Falklands War and was later decorated by both the British and Argentine governments for his conduct during the conflict. He was born in Hong Kong. He died of a heart condition at age 71.
1945 ~ Melba Moore (née Beatrice Melba Hill), African-American singer and actress. Her surname may have been Smith. She was born in New York, New York.
1942 ~ Bob Ross (né Robert Norman Ross; d. July 4, 1995), American painter and art teacher. He hosted the television show, The Joy of Painting. He was born in Daytona Beach, Florida. He died of lymphoma at age 52 in Orlando, Florida.
1938 ~ Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (née Ellen Eugenia Johnson), 24th President of Liberia and recipient of the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize. She was President from January 2006 through January 2018. She was born in Monrovia, Liberia.
1928 ~ Ben Chapman (né Benjamin F. Chapman; d. Feb. 21, 2008), American minor actor who was a major movie monster. He was best known for playing Gill-man in the 1954 horror film classic, Creature From the Black Lagoon. He was born in Oakland, California. He died at age 79 in Honolulu, Hawaii.
1927 ~ George C. Nichopoulos (né George Constantine Nichopoulos; d. Feb. 24, 2016), American doctor who enabled Elvis Presley’s drug habit. His medical license was revoked in 1993. He was born in Ridgway, Pennsylvania. He died at age 88 in Memphis, Tennessee.
1926 ~ Necmettin Erbakan (d. Feb. 27, 2011), Prime Minister of Turkey. He held that position from June 1996 through June 1997. He was born in Sinop, Turkey. He died at age 84 in Ankara, Turkey.
1926 ~ Jon Vickers (né Jonathan Steward Vickers; d. July 10, 2015), Canadian musician and opera singer. He was born in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada. He died in Ontario, Canada at age 88.
1925 ~ Dominick Dunne (né Dominick John Dunne; d. Aug. 26, 2009), American elegant writer who chronicled the famous and infamous. He was born in Hartford, Connecticut. He died of cancer at age 83 in Manhattan, New York.
1925 ~ Nathan Divinsky (né Nathan Joseph Harry Divinsky, d. June 17, 2012), Canadian mathematician. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. He died at age 86 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
1925 ~ Klaus Roth (né Klaus Friedrich Roth; d. Nov. 10, 2015), German mathematician. He was born in Breslau, Weimar Germany. He was raised in the United Kingdom after his family moved there in 1933. He died 11 days after his 90thbirthday in Inverness, Scotland.
1923 ~ Carl Djerassi (d. Jan. 30, 2015), Austrian-born chemist who helped develop the birth control pill. In his later life, he became a novelist. He was born in Vienna, Austria. He died at age 91 in San Francisco, California.
1920 ~ Baruj Benacerraf (d. Aug. 2, 2011), Venezuelan-born American immunologist and recipient of the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was born in Caracas, Venezuela. He died in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts at age 90.
1897 ~ Joseph Goebbels (né Paul Joseph Goebbels; d. May 1, 1945), Nazi Minister of Propaganda. He and his wife Magda (b. Nov. 11, 1901) killed their children then both committed suicides to avoid trial for war crimes at the end of World War II. He was 47; his wife was 41 at the time of their suicides.
1891 ~ Fanny Brice (née Fania Borach; d. May 29, 1951), American singer and actress. She was born in Manhattan, New York. She died at age 59 of a cerebral hemorrhage in Hollywood, California.
1875 ~ Marie of Edinburgh (d. July 18, 1938), Queen consort of Romania. She was the wife of Ferdinand I, King of Romania (1865 ~ 1927). She was the last queen of Romania. She was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. She was the daughter of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia. She was the granddaughter of Victoria., Queen of the United Kingdom. She died at age 62.
1856 ~ Jacques Curie (d. Feb. 19, 1941), French physicist. He was the older brother of Pierre Curie. He died at age 84.
1828 ~ Thomas F. Bayard (né Thomas Francis Bayard; d. Sept. 28, 1898), 30th United States Secretary of State. He served from March 1885 until March 1889 during the administrations of Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison. He was born in Wilmington, Delaware. He died about a month before his 70th birthday in Dedham, Massachusetts.
1816 ~ Ferdinand II, King of Portugal (d. Dec. 15, 1885), German prince. He was the second husband of Maria II, Queen of Portugal (1819 ~ 1853) until her death. They married in 1836 when he was known as Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. In keeping with Portuguese law, he did not acquire the title of King until after the birth of their son in 1837. After Maria’s death, Ferdinand entered into a morganatic marriage with Elise, Countess von Edia (1836 ~ 1929). He was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry. He was the son of Ferdinand, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry and Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág et Szitnya. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 69.
1808 ~ Caterina Scarpellini (d. Nov. 28, 1873), Italian astronomer and meteorologist. One of the craters of Venus is named in her honor. She was born and died in Foligno, Italy. She died a month after her 65th birthday.
1740 ~ James Boswell, 9th Laird of Auchinleck (d. May 19, 1795), Scottish biographer of his contemporary and literary figure, Samuel Johnson. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He died at age 54 in London, England.
1711 ~ Lauri Bassi (née Laura Maria Caterina Bassi Veratti; d. Feb. 20, 1778), Italian physicist and scholar. She was the first women to earn a doctorate in the science. She earned her degree at the University of Bologna. She was also the first salaried female professor in Europe. She was born and died in Bologna, Italy. The exact date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been born between October 20 and October 31, 1711. Scholars at the University of Bologna consider her birthday to be October 29. She died at age 66.
1690 ~ Martin Folkes (d. June 28, 1754), British mathematician and astronomer. He was born and died in London, England. He died at age 63.
1547 ~ Princess Sophia of Sweden (d. Mar. 17, 1611), member of the Swedish royal family. She was the Duchess consort of Saxe-Lauenburg and wife of Magnus II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (1543 ~ 1603). They had 6 children, but only one lived passed infancy. They married in 1568. She was of the House of Vasa. She was the daughter of Gustav I, King of Sweden and Margaret Leijonhufvud. She died at age 63.
Events that Changed the World:
2018 ~ Lion Air Flight 610, a Boeing 737 MAX airplane, crashed after taking off from Jakarta, Indonesia shortly after lift-off. All 189 people aboard were killed.
2015 ~ China announced the end of its One-Child policy, which had been in effect for 35 years. The policy allowed for several exceptions, including ethnic minorities, thus the policy effectively impacted the Han majority.
2013 ~ Turkey opened a sea tunnel in Istanbul connecting Europe and Asia by rail across the Bosporus Strait.
2012 ~ Hurricane Sandy hit the northeast coast of the United States. The storm killed nearly 300 people, either directly or indirectly, and caused over $70 billion in damages. This storm became known as Super-Storm Sandy. The storm formed on October 22, 2012 and dissipated on November 2, 2012.
2008 ~ Northwest Airlines merged with Delta Airlines, thereby creating the world’s largest airline.
1998 ~ Hurricane Mitch made landfall in Honduras. The storm is believed to have killed over 11,000 people in Central America. The storm formed on October 22, 1998 and dissipated on November 9, 1998.
1998 ~ John Glenn (1921 ~ 2016), at age 77, was aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery, making him the oldest person at the time to go into space.
1967 ~ Expo ’67, Montreal’s World Fair, closed. Over 50 million visitors had attended the Fair between its opening in April 1967.
1964 ~ Thieves broke into the American Museum of Natural History in New York City and made off with a collection of gems, including the Star of India, which is one of the largest star sapphires in the world. The thieves were captured within 2 days of the robbery; however, the stones were not recovered until January 1965.
1957 ~ David Ben-Gurion (1886 ~ 1973), Israel’s Prime Minister, and five others were injured when a hand grenade was thrown into the Knesset.
1956 ~ The Suez Crisis began when Israeli forces invaded the Sinai Peninsula.
1941 ~ In the Kaunas Ghetto, in German-occupied Lithuania, over 10,000 Jews were shot and killed by the Germans in what was known as the Great Action Massacre.
1929 ~ The New York Stock Exchange crashed in what would later become known as Black Tuesday. This event marked the beginning of the Great Depression.
1923 ~ Turkey became a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.
1922 ~ Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1869 ~ 1947) appointed Benito Mussolini (1883 ~ 1945) as Prime Minister.
1888 ~ The Convention of Constantinople was signed, which guaranteed free maritime passage through the Suez Canal.
1863 ~ The International Red Cross was formed in Geneva, Switzerland.
1792 ~ Mount Hood in what is now the State of Oregon was named after the British naval officer Samuel Hood, 1stViscount Hood (1724 ~ 1816).
1787 ~ The first performance of Mozart’s opera, Don Giovanni, was in Prague.
1675 ~ The long s uses the long s (∫) was first used as a symbol the integral in calculus by German mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646 ~ 1716).
1591 ~ Pope Innocent IX (né Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti; 1519 ~ 1591) was elected Pope. He took the Office at the end of October 1591. He was Pope, however, for only 2 months before his death in December 1591.
539 BCE ~ Tradition holds that on this date, Cyrus the Great (600 BCE ~ 530 BCE) entered the City of Babylon and ended the Babylonian captivity of the Jews. He gave the Jews permission to return to Jerusalem to rebuild the Temple. Many Jews, however, chose to remain in Babylon, now in present day Iraq.
Good-Byes:
2017 ~ Dennis Banks (b. Apr. 12, 1937), Anishinaabe Native American civil rights leader who fought for native rights. In 1968, he co-founded the American Indian Movement. He died of complications of pneumonia following heart surgery. He was 80 years old.
2012 ~ Letitia Baldridge (b. Feb. 9, 1926), American manners guru who served the Kennedys in the White House. She was the 11th White House Social Secretary from 1961 until 1963. She was born in Miami, Florida. She died at age 86 in Bethesda, Maryland.
2009 ~ David Treen, Sr. (né David Connor Treen; b. July 16, 1928), 51st Governor of Louisiana. He was Governor from March 1980 until March 1984. He was born in Baton Rouge and died in Metairie, Louisiana. He died at age 81.
2004 ~ Peter Twinn (né Peter Frank George Twinn; b. Jan. 9, 1916), English mathematician. He died at age 88.
2004 ~ Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (née Alice Christabel Montagu Douglas Scott; b. Dec. 25, 1901), British wife of Prince Henry (1900 ~ 1974), third son of George V, King of the United Kingdom and Mary, Queen consort. She was an aunt by marriage to Queen Elizabeth II. She was of the House of Montagu Douglas Scott. She was the daughter of John Montagu Douglas Scott, 7th Duke of Buccleuch and Lady Margaret Bridgeman. She was born and died in London, England. She died at age 102.
1994 ~ Shlomo Goren (b. Feb. 3, 1917), Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of Israeli. He died at age 77 in Tel Aviv, Israel.
1993 ~ Lipman Bers (b. May 22, 1914), Latvian-born mathematician. He died at age 79 in New Rochelle, New York.
1987 ~ Woody Herman (né Woodrow Charles Herman; b. May 16, 1913), American bandleader and musician during the Swing Era. He was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He died at age 74 in West Hollywood, California.
1971 ~ Duane Allman (né Howard Duane Allman; b. Nov. 20, 1946), American musician and member of The Allman Brothers Band. He was born in Nashville, Tennessee. He was killed less than a month before his 25th birthday in a motorcycle accident in Macon, Georgia.
1971 ~ Arne Tiselius (né Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius; b. Aug. 10, 1902), Swedish chemist and recipient of the 1948 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He died of a heart attack at age 69 in Uppsala, Sweden.
1959 ~ Edith Clarke (b. Feb. 10, 1883), American electrical engineer. She was the first female electrical engineer and first female electrical engineer to teach at the University of Texas, Austin. She died at age 76 in Olney, Maryland.
1957 ~ Louis B. Mayer (né Lazar Meir, b. July 12, 1884), Russian-born American movie producer. He was a cofounder of MGM studios. He died of leukemia at age 73 in Los Angeles, California.
1950 ~ Gustaf V, King of Sweden (b. June 16, 1858). He was King of Sweden from December 1907 until his death in October 1950. In 1881, he married Victoria of Baden (1862 ~ 1930). They were the parents of Gustaf VI Adolf, King of Sweden. He was of the House of Bernadotte. He was the son of Oscar II, King of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau. He was of the Church of Sweden. He died at age 92.
1947 ~ Frances Folsom Cleveland (née Frances Clara Folsom, b. July 21, 1864), First Lady of the United States and wife of President Grover Cleveland. They married when he was in Office. She was 21 years old at the time of her marriage in 1886, making her the youngest First Lady. President Cleveland was 49 at the time of their marriage. After Grover Cleveland died, Frances married Thomas Preston, Jr., in February 1913. She was the first presidential widow to remarry. She was born in Buffalo, New York. She died at age 83 in Baltimore, Maryland.
1933 ~ Paul Painlevé (b. Dec. 5, 1853), French mathematician and politician. He served as the Prime Minister of France twice, first from September 1917 until November 1917, and second from April 1925 until November 1925. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died at age 69.
1924 ~ Frances Hodgson Burnett (née Frances Eliza Hodgson; b. Nov. 24, 1849), British author best known for her children’s classic, The Secret Garden. She was born in Cheetham, Manchester, England. She died less than a month before her 75th birthday in Plandome Manor, New York.
1911 ~ Joseph Pulitzer (né József Pulitzer; b. Apr. 10, 1847), Hungarian-American publisher. He introduced the technique of yellow journalism, journalism with little well researched news. He became and American citizen and was a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York State. He died at age 64 in Charleston, South Carolina.
1901 ~ Leon Czolgosz (né Leon Frank Czolgosz; b. May 5, 1873), American assassin of President William McKinley. He shot the President in September 1901. He was electrocuted at age 28, just 7 weeks after the assassination. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. He was electrocuted at the Auburn Prison in Auburn, New York.
1885 ~ George B. McCellan (né George Brinton McCellan; b. Dec. 3, 1826), American Union Civil War General. Following the Civil War, he served as the 24th Governor of New Jersey, from January 1878 until January 1881. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died of a heart attack at age 58 in West Orange, New Jersey.
1877 ~ Nathan Bedford Forrest (b. July 13, 1826), General in the Confederate Army. He was an early leader and Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan. In June 2020, many statues of him throughout the South were torn down. He was born and died in Memphis, Tennessee. He died of complications from diabetes at age 56.
1829 ~ Maria Anna Mozart (née Maria Anna Walburg Ignatia Mozart; b. July 30, 1751), Austrian pianist and older sister of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. She was born and died in Saltzburg, Austria. She died at age 78.
1804 ~ Sarah Crosby (b. Oct. 6, 1729), British theologian and first female Methodist preacher. She died 23 days after her 75th birthday.
1783 ~ Jean le Rond d’Alembert (b. Nov. 16, 1717), French mathematician. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died 18 days before his 66th birthday.
1618 ~ Sir Walter Raleigh (b. Jan. 22, 1552), English explorer and adventurer. Although he had been a favorite of Queen Elizabeth, he fell out of favor. He was executed by beheading on October 29, 1618 for allegedly conspiring against James I, King of England. He was born in Devon, England. He was executed in London, England. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been born on January 22, 1552, thus making him 65 at the time of his death.
1321 ~ Stefan Uroš II Milutin, King of Serbia (b. 1253). He ruled Serbia from 1282 until his death in 1321. He was married multiple times. His first wife was Jelena. They had two children together. His second wife was Helena Doukaina Angelina. There were no children of his second marriage. His third wife was Elizabeth of Hungary. They had a daughter together. His fourth wife was Anna Terter of Bulgaria and his fifth and final wife was Simonis Palaiologina. He had a son with his fourth wife, and no children with his fifth wife. He was of the House of Nemanjić. He was the son of Stefan Uroš I, King of Serbia and Helen Anjou. He was Serbian Orthodox. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about age 68 at the time of his death.
1268 ~ Conrad II, King of Sicily (b. Mar. 25, 1252). He was also known as Conradin. He ruled Sicily from May 1254 until 1258. He then became known as the King of Jerusalem. He never married and had no known children. He was of the House of Hohenstaufen. He was the son of Conrad IV, King of Germany and Elisabeth of Bavaria. After his failed attempt to reclaim Sicily, he was captured and beheaded. He was 16 years old at the time of his death.
1266 ~ Margaret of Austria (b. 1204), Queen consort of Germany through her 1st marriage to Henry VII, King of Germany and Queen consort of Bohemia through her 2nd marriage to Ottokar II, King of Bohemia. She was of the House of Babenberg. She was the daughter of Leopold VI, Duke of Austria and Theodora Angelina. The exact date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been about 61 or 62 at the time of her death.
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