Birthdays:
1964 ~ Niall Ferguson (né Niall Campbell Ferguson), Scottish historian. He was born in Glasgow, Scotland.
1963 ~ Conan O’Brien (né Conan Christopher O’Brien), American comedian. He was born in Brookline, Massachusetts. He was born in Brookline, Massachusetts.
1961 ~ Jane Leeves (née Jane Elizabeth Leeves), British actress best known for her role as Daphne Moon on the television sit-com Frasier. She was born in East Grinstead, England.
1960 ~ J. Christopher Stevens (né John Christopher Stevens, d. Sept. 11, 2012), American diplomat and the 10thAmbassador to Libya. He was killed during a violent attack by militant Islamics in Benghazi, Libya on the American embassy. He was a career diplomat who had served in U.S. missions throughout the Middle East and whose last mission was focused on supporting a democratic transition in the Libya. He had been born in Grass Valley, California. He was 52 years old.
1956 ~ Melody Thomas Scott (née Melody Ann Thomas), American actress best known for her role as Nikki Newman on The Young and the Restless. She was born in Los Angeles, California.
1953 ~ Rick Moranis (né Frederick Allan Moranis), Canadian actor and comedian. He was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
1947 ~ James Woods (né James Howard Woods), American actor. He was born in Vernal, Utah.
1946 ~ Hayley Mills (née Hayley Catherine Rose Vivien Mills), English actress, best known for her role as Pollyanna in the movie of the same name. She was born in London, England.
1940 ~ Joseph Goldstein (né Joseph Leonard Goldstein), American biologist and recipient, along with colleague, Michael Brown, of the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his studies in cholesterol. Their studies led to the development of the statin drugs. He was born in Kingtree, South Carolina.
1927 ~ Samuel P. Huntington (né Samuel Phillips Huntington; d. Dec. 24, 2008), American scholar who predicted a class of cultures. He was best known for arguing that religion and culture, particularly Christianity and Islam, would fuel the conflicts of the 21st century. He died in Martha’s Vineyard at age 81.
1927 ~ Tadeusz Mazowiecki (d. Oct. 28, 2013), Polish author and editor who became Poland’s first post-communist leader. He was the 1st Prime Minister of Poland. He served from August 1989 until January 1991. He died at age 86.
1924 ~ Gatemouth Brown (né Clarence Brown, Jr.; d. Sept. 10, 2005), American singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was born in Vinton, Louisiana. He died at age 81 in Orange, Texas.
1922 ~ Barbara Hale (d. Jan. 26, 2017), American actress best known for her role as Della Street on the TV show, Perry Mason. She was 94 years old.
1918 ~ Shinobu Hashimoto (d. July 19, 2018), Japanese screenwriter who helped put Japan on the cinematic map. He died at age 100.
1907 ~ Lars Ahlfors (né Lars Valerian Ahlfors; d. Oct. 11, 1996), Finnish-born mathematician. He is best known for his work in the field of Riemann surfaces. He was born in Helsinki, Finland. He died at age 89 in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
1905 ~ George H. Hitchings (né George Herbert Hitchings; d. Feb. 27, 1998), American physician and recipient of the1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died at age 92.
1902 ~ Menachem Mendel Schneerson (d. June 12, 1994), Russian-born Lubavitcher Rebbe. He was the last rebbe of the Lubavitcher Hasidic dynasty. He was born in Mykolaiv, Ukraine. He died at age 92 in New York, New York.
1882 ~ Leopold Stokowski (né Leopold Anthony Stokowski; d. Sept. 13, 1977), Polish-born conductor. He died of a heart attack at age 95.
1857 ~ Clarence Darrow (né Clarence Seward Darrow; d. Mar. 13, 1938), American attorney. He is best known for defending John Scopes in the famous Monkey Trial, which was about teaching evolution in the Tennessee schools. He was a leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union. He died about a month before his 81st birthday of pulmonary heart disease.
1813 ~ James McCune Smith (d. Nov. 17, 1865), African-American physician and abolitionist. He earned his medical degree in Scotland and returned to the United States to practice medicine. He was the first African-American to hold a medical degree. He died of congestive heart failure at age 52.
1799 ~ John Y. Mason (né John Young Mason; d. Oct. 3, 1859), 18th United States Attorney General. He served during the James Polk administration from March 1845 until October 1946. He also served as the 16th United States Secretary of the Navy during the John Tyler administration from March 1844 until March 1945. From September 1846 until March 1849, he served as the 18th Secretary of the Navy during the Polk administration. He died at age 60 in Paris, France.
1503 ~ Henry II of Navarre (d. May 25, 1555). He was King of Navarre from February 1517 until his death in 1555. He died at age 52.
1480 ~ Lucrezia Borgia (d. June 24, 1519), Florentine ruler and illegitimate daughter of Pope Alexander VI. She died at age 39 following complications of childbirth.
1446 ~ Ippolita Maria Sforza (d. Aug. 20, 1484), Italian noblewoman. She died at age 38.
Events that Changed the World:
2019 ~ A redacted version of the Mueller Report was released to the United States Congress and the public. The report documented the findings of Special Counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation into Russian efforts to interfere in the 2016 United States presidential campaign and allegations of obstruction of justice.
2017 ~ Federal Taxes due. Because April 15 fell on a Saturday, federal income taxes were not due until the following business day in Washington, D.C., which was Tuesday, April 18, because Emancipation way was observed in Washington, D.C., on April 16.
2016 ~ Boston Marathon.
2014 ~ Good Friday.
2014 ~ Sixteen people were killed in an avalanche on Mount Everest. This was the deadliest day on Mount Everest.
1983 ~ A suicide bomber destroyed the American embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killing 63 people.
1956 ~ Grace Kelly (1929 ~ 1982) married Prince Rainier of Monaco (1923 ~ 2005) in a civil service. A religious wedding would occur the following day.
1954 ~ Gamal Abdal Nasser (1918 ~ 1970) took over leadership in Egypt.
1949 ~ Ireland left the British Commonwealth and became the Republic of Ireland.
1946 ~ The International Court of Justice in The Hague, Netherlands began operation.
1924 ~ Simon & Schuster published the first crossword puzzle book.
1923 ~ Yankee Stadium, known as The House that Babe Ruth Built, opened for the first time.
1906 ~ The San Francisco earthquake and fire began. The earthquake is believed to have been a magnitude of 7.9. An estimated 3,000 people were killed by the earthquake. Much of the city was destroyed. Shock waves could be felt as far north as southern Oregon and as far south as Los Angeles. By April 23, most of the fires had been extinguished.
1902 ~ Quatzaltenango, Guatemala was destroyed by a 7.5 magnitude earthquake killing hundreds of people.
1880 ~ A strong tornado hit in Marshfield, Missouri, killing nearly 100 people.
1831 ~ The University of Alabama was founded in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
1775 ~ Paul Revere (1735 ~ 1818) made his famous mid-night ride to warn the Americans that the British were arriving by sea.
1518 ~ Bona Sforza (1494 ~ 1557) was crowned as queen consort of Poland. She was married to Sigismund I of Poland.
1506 ~ Construction on St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome began.
Good-Byes:
2018 ~ Bruno Sammartino (né Bruno Laopardo Francesco Sammartino, b. Oct. 6, 1935), Italian champion pro wrestler who fought for authenticity. He is best known for his work with the World Wide Wrestling Federation. He died at age 82.
2012 ~ Dick Clark (né Richard Augustus Wagstaff Clark; b. Nov. 30, 1929), American radio and television personality, best known for hosting American Bandstand. He was the man who put rock ‘n’ roll on TV. He was 82 years old.
2008 ~ Joy Page (née Joy Cerrette Paige, b. Nov. 9, 1924), American actress best known for her role as Annina Brandel in the film Casablanca. She was born and died in Los Angeles, California. She was 83 years old.
2002 ~ Thor Heyerdahl (b. Oct. 6, 1914), Norwegian explorer and adventurer. He wrote about his experience traversing the Pacific Ocean in a raft in his 1947 book Kon-Tiki. He died at age 87.
1999 ~ Gian-Carlo Rota (b. Apr. 27, 1932), Italian-born mathematician. He was born in Vegevano, Italy. He died of cardiac arrest 9 days before his 67th birthday in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1995 ~ Arturo Frondizi (b. Oct. 28, 1908), President of Argentina. He served as President from May 1958 until March 1962. He died at age 86.
1964 ~ Ben Hecht (b. Feb. 28, 1894), American playwright. He died at age 70.
1955 ~ Albert Einstein (b. Mar. 14, 1879), German-born American physicist and recipient of the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died just over a month after his 76th birthday.
1945 ~ Ernie Pyle (né Ernest Taylor Pyle, b. Aug. 3, 1900), American journalist. He was killed reporting during World War II. He was born in Dana, Indiana. He was 44 years old.
1945 ~ Sir John Ambrose Fleming (b. Nov. 29, 1849), British physicist and inventor of the vacuum tube. He died at age 95.
1942 ~ Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney (née Gertrude Vanderbilt; b. Jan. 9, 1875), American socialite and patron of the arts. She was the founder of the Whitney Museum of American Art. She died at age 67.
1923 ~ Pieter Hendrick Schoute (b. Jan. 21, 1846), Dutch mathematician. He died at age 77.
1912 ~ Martha Ripley (née Martha George Rogers; b. Nov. 30, 1843), American physician and suffragist. She was the founder of the Maternity Hospital in Minneapolis, Minnesota. She was born in Lowell, Vermont. She died in Minneapolis, Minnesota at age 68.
1853 ~ William R. King (né William Rufus DeVane King; b. April 7, 1786), 13th Vice President of the United States. He served under President Franklin Pierce from March 1853 until April 1853. He had been ill with tuberculosis and had gone to Cuba to recover his health. Because of this, he was allowed by an Act of Congress to take his oath as Vice President outside the United States. He also served as Vice President for only 6 weeks before he died. He died 11 days after his 67th birthday.
1803 ~ Louis François Antoine Arbogast (b. Oct. 4, 1759), French mathematician. He was born in Mutzig, France. He died at age 43 in Strasbourg, France.
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