Birthdays:
1974 ~ Victoria Beckham (née Victoria Caroline Adams), British singer and front woman for the Spice Girls. She was known as Posh Spice. She is married to soccer star, David Beckham. She was born in Harlow, England.
1972 ~ Jennifer Garner (née Jennifer Anne Garner), American actress. She was born in Houston, Texas.
1967 ~ Henry Cusick (né Henry Ian Cusick), Peruvian-Scottish actor. He was born in Trujillo, Peru.
1957 ~ Nick Hornby (né Nicholas Peter John Hornby), British novelist. He was born in Redhill, England.
1951 ~ Olivia Hussey (née Olivia Osuna), British actress best known for her role as Juliette in Franco Zeffirelli’s 1968 version of Romeo and Juliette. She was born in Bueno Aires, Argentina.
1948 ~ John Gray (né John Nicholas Gray), British philosopher. He was born in South Shields, England.
1946 ~ Georges J. F. Köhler (né Georges Jean Franz Köhler; d. Mar. 1, 1995), German biologist and recipient of the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died of heart failure at age 48.
1943 ~ Robert L. Kuttner, American journalist and writer. His writings primarily focus on economics and business matters. He was born in New York, New York.
1940 ~ Chuck Menville (né Charles David Menville; d. June 15, 1992), American animator and screenwriter. He was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He died of non-Hodgkin lymphoma at age 52.
1935 ~ Bud Paxson (né Lowell White Paxon; d. Jan. 9, 2015), American entrepreneur who put shopping on TV. He was born in Rochester, New York. He was the co-creator of The Home Shopping Network. He died at age 79 in Kalispell, Montana.
1928 ~ Cynthia Ozick (née Cynthia Shoshana Ozick), American writer. She was born in New York, New York.
1923 ~ Harry Reasoner (né Harry Truman Reasoner; d. Aug. 6, 1991), American journalist and co-founder of 60 Minutes. He died of a blood clot to the brain after a fall. He was 68 years old.
1918 ~ William Holden (né William Franklin Beedle, Jr.; d. Nov. 12, 1981), American actor. He is best known for his role in Network. He bled to death as a result of a fall. He was 63 years old.
1915 ~ Jimmy James (né Bertram Arthur James; b. Jan. 18, 2008), British RAF flier who was a participant in, and survivor of, the Great Escape during World War II, which was later depicted in the movie of the same name. He died at age 85.
1912 ~ Marta Eggerth (d. Dec. 26, 2013), Hungarian-born actress and soprano who became the grande dame of operetta. She died at age 101.
1909 ~ Alain Poher (d. Dec. 9, 1996), President of France. He died at age 87.
1897 ~ Thornton Wilder (né Thornton Niven Wilder; d. Dec. 7, 1975), American dramatist. He is best known for his play Our Town, and his novel The Bridge of San Luis Rey. He died of heart failure at age 78.
1896 ~ Señor Wences (né Wenceslao Moreno; d. Apr. 20, 1999), Spanish-American ventriloquist. He died 3 days after his 103rd birthday.
1893 ~ Irene Castle (née Irene Foote; d. Jan. 25, 1969), American dancer. She died at age 75.
1885 ~ Baroness Karen von Blixen-Finecke, (née Karen Christenze Denesen; d. Sept. 7, 1962), Danish author who wrote under the name Isak Dinesen. She is best known for her memoir, Out of Africa. She was born and died in Rungsted, Denmark. She died at age 77.
1884 ~ Leo Frank (né Leo Max Frank; d. Aug. 17, 1915), American-Jewish factory superintendent who was falsely accused and convicted of murder of a 13-year old girl in Marietta, Georgia. He was hanged by a lynch mob in Georgia. This case drew attention to the rising anti-Semitism in America. He was born in Cuero, Texas. He was murdered at age 31 in Marietta, Georgia. Years later the actual murderer confessed.
1863 ~ Augustus Edward Hough Love (d. June 5, 1940), English mathematician. He died at age 77.
1859 ~ Willis Van Devanter (d. Feb. 8, 1941), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President William Taft. He replaced Edward White on the Court. He was succeeded by Hugo Black. He served on the Court from December 1910 until June 1937. He was born in Marion, Indiana. He died in Washington, D.C., at age 81.
1849 ~ William R. Day (né William Rufus Day; d. July 9, 1923), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Theodore Roosevelt. He replaced George Shiras, Jr., on the Court. He was succeeded by Pierce Butler. He served on the Court from February 1903 until November 1922. He had previously served for 6 months as the 36th United States Secretary of State in the William McKinley administration. He was born in Ravenna, Ohio. He died at Mackinac Island, Michigan at age 74.
1837 ~ J.P. Morgan (né John Pierpoint Morgan; d. Mar. 31, 1913), American financier. He died 17 days before his 76th birthday.
1820 ~ Alexander Cartwright, Jr. (né Alexander Joy Cartwright, Jr.; d. July 12, 1892), American firefighter. He is credited with inventing the game of baseball. He died at age 72.
1798 ~ Étienne Bobillier (d. Mar. 22, 1840), French mathematician. He died of an illness less than a month before his 42nd birthday. The crater Bobillier on the moon is named in his honor.
1774 ~ Friedrich Koenig (né Friedrich Gottlob Koenig; d. Jan. 17, 1833), German inventor best known for the invention of the high-speed steam-powered printing press. He died at age 58.
1741 ~ Samuel Chase (d. June 19, 1811), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President George Washington. He replaced John Blair on the Court. He served on the Court from January 1796 until his death in June 1811. He was also a signatory to the Declaration of Independence. He died at age 70.
1732 ~ John Blair, Jr. (d. Aug. 31, 1800), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated by President George Washington, and was on the first High Court. He served on the Court from September 1789 until October 1975. He was replaced by Samuel Chase, who was also born on April 17. He was born and died in Williamsburg, Virginia. Blair died at age 68.
1497 ~ Pedro de Valdiva (d. Dec. 25, 1953), Spanish-Chilean explorer and 1st Royal Governor of Chile. He was captured and killed in a campaign against the Araucanian Indians. The city of Valdivia, Chile is named in his honor. He was 56 at the time of his death.
44 ~ Pope Evaristus (d. 107). He was Pope from 99 until 107. He was the 5th Pope of the Catholic Church. The exact dates of his birth and death are not known.
Events that Changed the World:
2018 ~ An engine blew out on Southwest Flight 1380 on its way from New York to Dallas, causing shrapnel to smash a window on the plane. The plane made an emergency landing in Philadelphia. The window was broken and the passenger sitting next to the window was killed. Several other people were also injured.
2018 ~ Because April 15 fell on a Sunday, federal income taxes were not due until the following business day in Washington, D.C., which was Tuesday, April 18, because Emancipation Day was observed on Monday April 16 in Washington, D.C.
2017 ~ Patriots Day celebrated in Massachusetts and the Boston Marathon took place.
2017 ~ Emancipation Day was observed in Washington, D.C. The actual date is April 16, however, that was a Sunday.
2014 ~ Jews of the Ukraine were ordered to register or leave the country.
2013 ~ An explosion at a fertilizer plant in West, Texas (a town that is actually in Eastern Texas), killed 15 people and injured 160 others. In addition, the explosion destroyed many homes in the town.
2006 ~ A Palestinian suicide bomber detonated himself in Tel Aviv. Eleven people were killed and 70 were injured.
1982 ~ Queen Elizabeth (b. 1926) signed the Constitution Act making Canada completely independent from the United Kingdom.
1969 ~ Sirhan Sirhan (b. 1942) was convicted of the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy.
1964 ~ The Ford Mustang II was first placed on the American market.
1961 ~ 1,500 CIA-trained Cuban exiles launched the Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba with the goal of ousting Fidel Castro (1926 ~ 2016).
1951 ~ The Peak District in upland England became the United Kingdom’s first National Park.
1946 ~ Syria gained its Independence from the French occupation.
1907 ~ The Ellis Island immigration center processed 11,747 people. This was the busiest day at Ellis Island and more people were process in this day than any other day. The daily average was about 5,000 people. Many of the people coming to America in 1907 were Russian Jews escaping from the pogroms in their native country.
1905 ~ The United States Supreme Court decided Lochner v. New York, which held that the right to free contract is implicit in the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.
1861 ~ The State of Virginia became the 8th State to secede from the Union and join the Confederate States of America.
1521 ~ The trial of Martin Luther (1483 ~ 1546) over his teachings began during the assembly of the Diet of Worms.
1397 ~ Geoffrey Chaucer (1343 ~ 1400) is said to have recounted the Canterbury Tales for the first time in King Richard II’s court.
Good-Byes:
2019 ~ Alan García (b. May 22, 1949), 93rd President of Peru. He served in office from 2006 to 2011. He died by suicide at age 69.
2018 ~ Carl Kasell (né Carl Ray Kasell; b. Apr. 2, 1934), American newscaster and radio personality. For many years, he was the announcer on NPR’s Wait! Wait! Don’t Tell Me. He retired from the radio show in 2014. He died 15 days after his 84th birthday.
2018 ~ Barbara Bush (né Barbara Pierce; b. June 8, 1925), formidable First Lady who raised a president. She was the wife of President George H.W. Bush and mother of President George W. Bush. She died at 92 following a long illness.
2016 ~ Doris Roberts (née Doris May Green; b. Nov. 4, 1925), American actress. She died at age 90.
2015 ~ A. Alfred Taubman (né Adolph Alfred Taubman; b. Jan. 31, 1924), the American developer who pioneered indoor malls. He died at age 91.
2014 ~ Gabriel García Márquez (b. Mar. 6, 1927), Columbian writer and recipient of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was the novelist who defined magical realism. He died at age 87.
2013 ~ Deanna Durbin (née Edna Mae Durbin, b. Dec. 4, 1921), Canadian Hollywood child star who turned her back on fame. She was born in Winnipeg, Canada. She died at age 91 in Neauphle-le-Château, France.
2012 ~ Stanley Resor (né Stanley Rogers Resor; b. Dec. 5, 1917), 9th United States Secretary of the Army. He served under President Lyndon B. Johnson from July 1965 until June 1971. He died at age 94.
2008 ~ Danny Federici (né Daniel Paul Federici; b. Jan. 23, 1950), American musician and founding member of Bruce Springsteen’s E Street Band. He died of melanoma at age 58.
2007 ~ Kitty Carlisle (née Catherine Conn; b. Sept. 3, 1910), American actress and television personality. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She died at age 96.
2006 ~ Arthur Hertzberg (né Avraham Hertzberg; b. June 9, 1921), Polish-born American Conservative rabbi and scholar. He was born in Lubaczow, Poland. He died of heart failure at age 84 in Westwood, New Jersey.
2003 ~ Robert Atkins (né Robert Coleman Atkins; b. Oct. 17, 1930), American nutritionist and physician. He was the creator of the Atkins diet. He died at age 72.
1998 ~ Linda McCartney, Lady McCartney (née Linda Louise Eastman; b. Sept. 24, 1941), American designer and photographer and wife of Beatle, Paul McCartney. She died of breast cancer at age 56.
1997 ~ Chaim Herzog (b. Sept. 17, 1918), 6th President of Israel. He was born in Ireland until his family emigrated to Israel in 1935. He served as President for 10 years, from 1983 to 1993. He died at age 78.
1996 ~ Piet Hein (b. Dec. 16, 1905), Danish mathematician. He died at age 90.
1994 ~ Roger Wolcott Sperry (b. Aug. 20, 1913), American neurobiologist and recipient of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He died at age 80.
1990 ~ Ralph Abernathy, Sr. (né Ralph David Abernathy; b. Mar. 11, 1926), African-American minister and civil rights activist. He died at age 64.
1988 ~ Louise Nevelson (née Leah Berliawsky; b. Sept. 23, 1899), Russian-born American sculptor. She died at age 88.
1976 ~ Henrick Dam (né Carl Peter Henrick Dam; b. Feb. 21, 1895), Danish biochemist and recipient of the 1943 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering the importance of vitamin K. He died at age 81.
1942 ~ Jean Perrin (né Jean Baptiste Perrin; b. Sept. 30, 1870), French physicist and recipient of the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 71.
1933 ~ Harriet Brooks (b. July 2, 1876), Canadian nuclear physicist. She was Canada’s first nuclear physicist. She was born in Exeter, Ontario, Canada. She died at age 56, probably leukemia.
1882 ~ George Jennings (b. Nov. 10, 1810), English engineer and plumber. He invented the flush toilet. He died at age 71.
1843 ~ Samuel Morey (b. Oct. 23, 1762), American engineer and inventor. He worked on the internal combustion engine and was a pioneer in steamship development. He was born in Connecticut. He died at age 80.
1790 ~ Benjamin Franklin (b. Jan. 17, 1706), American statesman, inventor, diplomat, and printer. He served as the 1st United States Postmaster General, an Office he held from July 1775 until November 1776. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at age 84.
1711 ~ Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. July 26, 1678). He reigned as the Holy Roman Emperor from May 1705 until his death in 1711. He was married to Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg. He died of small pox at age 32.
1321 ~ Infanta Branca of Portugal (b. Feb. 25, 1259). She was the eldest daughter of King Afonso III of Portugal and Beatrice of Castile. She was of the Portuguese House of Burgundy. She had a son out of wedlock. She became a nun. She died at age 62.
1080 ~ Harald III of Denmark (b. 1041). The exact date of his birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been about 39 or 40 at the time of his death.
858 ~ Pope Benedict III. He was Pope from September 855 until his death 2.5 years later. The date of his birth is unknown.
485 ~ Proclus Lycaeus (b. Feb. 8, 412), Greek mathematician and philosopher. These are the traditional dates for is birth and death. He died at age 73.
326 ~ Pope Alexander I of Alexandria (b. 250). He was Pope of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The exact dates of his birth and death are unknown.
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