Birthdays:
1983 ~ Donald Glover (né Donald McKinley Glover), African-American actor best known for his role as Troy Barnes on the television sit-com Community. He also performed as a rapper under the name Childish Gambino.
1969 ~ Catherine Zeta-Jones, Welsh actress and wife of Michael Douglas (b. 1944), whose birthday is also on this date.
1968 ~ Will Smith (né Willard Carroll Smith, Jr.), American actor.
1961 ~ Heather Locklear (née Heather Deen Locklear), American actress.
1952 ~ Christopher Reeve (né Christopher D’Olier Reeve; d. Oct. 10, 2004), American actor best known for his role as Superman in the movie of the same name. He was paralyzed following an equine accident in 1995. He died about 3 weeks after his 52nd birthday.
1951 ~ Mark Hamill (né Mark Richard Hamill), American actor who played Luke Skywalker in the original Star Wars movie.
1949 ~ Pedro Almodóvar, Spanish movie director.
1947 ~ Cheryl Tiegs (née Cheryl Rae Tiegs), American model.
1944 ~ Michael Douglas (né Michael Kirk Douglas), American actor who share his birthday with his wife, Catherine Zeta-Jones (b. 1969).
1943 ~ Robert Gates (né Robert Michael Gates), 22nd United States Secretary of Defense. He served under Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama, from December 2006 through June 2011.
1936 ~ Juliet Prowse (née Juliet Anne Prowse; d. Sept. 14, 1996), South-African singer and dancer. She died of pancreatic cancer 11 days before her 60th birthday.
1936 ~ Ken Forsse (né Earl Kenneth Forsse; d. Mar. 19, 2014), American inventor who delighted children. He created the Teddy Ruxpin. He died of congestive heart failure at age 77.
1935 ~ Lo Hsing Han (d. July 6, 2013), Burmese drug lord. He was called the “Godfather of Heroin.” He went from being a rural drug trafficker to a well-connected and rich businessman. He died at age 77.
1931 ~ Bryan John Birch, English mathematician.
1930 ~ Shel Silverstein (né Sheldon Allen Silverstein; d. May 10, 1999), American poet, composer and author of children’s books. He died of a heart attack at age 68.
1929 ~ Kevin White (né Kevin Hagan White; d. Jan. 27, 2012), American politician and 51st Mayor of Boston, Massachusetts. He was the mayor who remade Boston. He served as Mayor from January 1968 until January 1984. He died at age 82.
1929 ~ Barbara Walters (née Barbara Jill Walters), American television journalist. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts.
1927 ~ Sir Colin Davis (né Colin Rex Davis; d. Apr. 14, 2013), Longtime British conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra. He died at age 85.
1919 ~ Betty Ballantine (née Elizabeth Jones; d. Feb. 12, 2019), American publisher who helped make paperbacks mainstream. She and her husband created Bantam Books and Ballantine Books, which focused on paperback books. She died at age 99
1915 ~ Ethel Rosenberg (d. June 19, 1953), American who was executed along with her husband, Julius (1918 ~ 1953), for allegedly spying for the Soviet Union. She was 37 years old at the time of her execution.
1911 ~ Earl Cooley (d. Nov. 9, 2009), the American firefighter who pioneered smoke jumping. He died at age 98.
1903 ~ Mark Rothko (né Markus Yakovlevich Rotkovich; d. Feb. 25, 1970), Latvian-born American painter. He committed suicide at age 66.
1897 ~ William Faulkner (né William Culbert Falkner; d. July 6, 1962), American southern writer and recipient of the 1949 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died of a heart attack at age 64.
1893 ~ Harald Cramér (d. Oct. 5, 1985), Swedish mathematician. He died 10 days after his 92nd birthday.
1866 ~ Thomas Hunt Morgan (d. Dec. 4, 1945), American evolutionary biologist, geneticist and embryologist. He was the 1933 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the role chromosomes played in heredity. He died at age 79.
1847 ~ Vinnie Ream (née Lavinia Ellen Ream Hoxie; d. Nov. 20, 1914), American sculptor. She is best known for the statue of Abraham Lincoln in the United States Capitol rotunda. She was 18 years old when she received the commission for this statue. She died at age 67.
1764 ~ Fletcher Christian (d. Sept. 20, 1793), English navy officer and mutineer who seized control of the Bountyfrom Captain Bligh. He was killed on Pitcairn’s Island 5 days before his 29th birthday.
1711 ~ Qianlong (d. Feb. 7, 1799), 5th Chinese Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. He abdicated 2 years before his death in favor of his son. He died at age 87.
1694 ~ Henry Pelham (d. Mar. 6, 1754), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served as Prime Minister from August 1743 until his death at age 59 in March 1754. He served during the reign of King George II.
Events that Changed the World:
2018 ~ Bill Cosby (b. 1937) was sentenced to three to 10 years in prison after having been convicted for sex offenses.
2014 ~ Rosh HaShanah.
2003 ~ An 8.3 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Japan.
1981 ~ Sandra Day O’Connor (b. 1930) became the 102nd person sworn in as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court and the first woman to hold this office. She had been approved by the Legislature a few days earlier.
1977 ~ The first Chicago Marathon was held. Approximately 4,200 runners participated.
1975 ~ The cult film, The Rocky Horror Picture Show, opened.
1974 ~ The first ulnar collateral ligament replacement surgery was performed on baseball player Tommy John (b. 1943). This surgery is now referred to as Tommy John surgery.
1957 ~ The United States Army stood guard as nine African-American students began classes during ordered integration of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas.
1942 ~ The Swiss Police Instruction of September 25, 1942 went into effect, which denied Jewish refugees entry into Switzerland during World War II.
1911 ~ Ground was broken for the construction of Fenway Park, home of the Boston Red Sox.
1890 ~ The United States Congress established Sequoia National Park in California.
1789 ~ The United States Congress passed the Bill of Rights, the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution.
1775 ~ During the American Revolutionary War, Ethan Allen (1738 ~ 1789) surrendered to British forces after attempting to capture Montreal during the Battle of Longue-Pointe.
1513 ~ Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475 ~ 1519) reached what would become known as the Pacific Ocean, thereby becoming the first recorded European to have discovered this Ocean coming from the East.
1237 ~ England and Scotland signed the Treaty of York, thereby establishing the location of their common border.
Good-Byes:
2017 ~ Joseph W. Schmitt (né Joseph William Schmitt; b. Jan. 2, 1916), American technician who suited up NASA’s first astronauts. He helped design and develop the astronauts’ first space suits. He died at age 101.
2016 ~ Jean Shepard (née Ollie Imogene Shepard; b. Nov. 21, 1933), the American country star who sang of independent women. She died at age 82.
2016 ~ Arnold Palmer (né Arnold Daniel Palmer; b. Sept. 10, 1929), American golfer. He died 15 days after his 87th birthday.
2012 ~ Andy Williams (né Howard Andrew Williams; b. Dec. 3, 1927), American singer and entertainer, who is considered the last of the great easy-listening crooners. He died of cancer at age 84.
2011 ~ Wangari Maathai (b. Apr. 1, 1940), Kenyan environmentalist who fought for Africa’s forests. She was the recipient of the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize. She was the first African woman to win this prize for her work in sustainable development. She died of ovarian cancer at age 71.
2005 ~ M. Scott Peck (né Morgan Scott Peck; b. May 22, 1936), American psychiatrist and author. He is best known for his 1978 book, The Road Less Travelled. He was in poor health and died at age 69.
2005 ~ Don Adams (né Donald James Yarmy; b. Apr. 13, 1923), American actor and comedian. He is best known for his role as Agent Smart in the TV comedy, Get Smart. He died of lymphoma at age 82.
2003 ~ George Plimpton (né George Ames Plimpton; b. Mar. 18, 1927), American journalist and actor. He died of a heart attack at age 76.
2003 ~ Franco Modigliani (b. June 18, 1918), Italian economist and recipient of the 1985 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts at age 85.
1999 ~ Marion Zimmer Bradley (née Marion Eleanor Zimmer; b. June 3, 1930), American author. She is best known for her Arthurian novel, The Mists of Avalon. She died of heart failure at age 69.
1995 ~ Annie Elizabeth “Bessie” Delany (b. Sept. 3, 1891) African-American dentist and author. She and her older sister, Sarah Delany (1889 ~ 1999) wrote the book, Having Our Say: The First 100 Years. The book was published when both sisters were over 100 years old. Sarah Delany died at age 109 and Bessie died 22 days weeks after her 104th birthday.
1991 ~ Klaus Barbie (né Nikolaus Barbie; b. Oct. 25, 1913), convicted Nazi war criminal. He died of cancer in prison about a month before his 78th birthday
1986 ~ Nikolay Semyonov (b. Apr. 15, 1896), Russian chemist and recipient of the 1956 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the mechanism of chemical transformation. He died at age 90.
1971 ~ Hugo Black (né Hugo Lafayette Black; b. Feb. 27, 1886), Associate Justice on the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He served on the Court from August 1837 until his retirement on September 17, 1971. He served on the court for 34 years. He replaced Willis Van Devanter on the Court and was succeeded by Lewis Powell. In his early life, he had been a member of the Ku Klux Klan, but resigned in 1925. He suffered a stroke 2 days after he retired and died shortly thereafter at age 83.
1970 ~ Erich Maria Remarque (né Erich Paul Remark; b. June 22, 1898), German writer, best known for his World War I novel, All Quiet on the Western Front. He died at age 72.
1960 ~ Emily Post (née Emily Price; b. Oct. 27, 1873), American etiquette expert. The exact date of her birth is disputed, but is generally considered to be October 27. She died about a month before her 88th birthday.
1938 ~ Anna Laurens Dawes (b. May 14, 1851), American writer, social activist and suffragist. She was from North Adams, Massachusetts. She died at age 87.
1933 ~ Ring Lardner (né Ringgold Wilmer Lardner; b. Mar. 6, 1885), American sports columnist and satirical writer of short stories. He died of tuberculosis at age 48.
1870 ~ Robert Cooper Grier (b. Mar. 5, 1794), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President James Polk. He replaced Henry Baldwin on the High Court. He was succeeded by William Strong. He served on the Court from August 1846 through January 1870. He died at age 76, just nine months following his retirement from the Court.
1861 ~ Ludwig Immanuel Magnus (b. Mar. 15, 1790), German mathematician. He died at age 71.
1849 ~ Johann Strauss, Sr. (b. Mar. 14, 1804), Austrian composer. He died at age 45.
1826 ~ Frederica of Baden (b. Mar. 12, 1781), Queen consort of Sweden and wife of King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden. They married in 1797. They divorced in 1812. She was of the House of Zähringen. She died of heart disease at age 45.
1777 ~ Johann Heinrich Lambert (b. Aug. 26, 1728), Swiss mathematician. He died a month after his 49th birthday.
1680 ~ Samuel Butler (b. Feb. 14, 1613), English poet. The actual date of his birth is unknown, but he was baptized on Feb. 14, 1613. He died at age 67.
1536 ~ Johannes Secundus (b. Nov. 15, 1511), Dutch poet. He died at age 24.
1534 ~ Pope Clement VII (né Giulio di Giuliano de’Medici, b. May 26, 1478). He was Pope from November 1523 until his death in 1534. He died at age 56.
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