Birthdays:
1971~ Stella McCartney (née Stella Nina McCartney), English fashion designer. She is the daughter of Paul and Linda McCartney.
1951~ Jean Smart (née Jean Elizabeth Smart), American actress best known for her role as Charlene on Designing Women.
1944~ Jacqueline Bisset (née Winifred Jacqueline Fraser Bisset), English actress.
1940~ Óscar Arias (né Óscar Arias Sánchez), President of Costa Rica and recipient of the 1987 Nobel Peace Prize.
1939~ William J. Janklow (né William John Janklow; d. Jan. 12, 2012), South Dakota governor who hurried too much. He was Governor for 16 years over two terms, first from January 1979 to January 1987, and then from January 1995 until January 2003. He went on to be a congressman in the United States House of Representative, but his career was cut short in 2004 after his conviction of second-degree manslaughter for killing a Minnesota farmer in an automobile accident. He died of brain cancer at age 72.
1939~ Richard Kiel (né Richard Dawson Kiel; d. Sept. 10, 2014), American gentle giant who became a Bond villain. He was the seven-foot-two actor who was best known for his role as Jaws in the 1977 James Bond movie, The Spy Who Loved Me. He died of a heart attack three days before his 75thbirthday.
1939~ Larry Melvin Speakes (né Larry Melvin Speakes; d. Jan. 10, 2014), American journalist and 16thWhite House Press Secretary. He served under President Ronald Reagan. He was technically the acting press secretary because James Brady, who had been shot during the assassination attempt on President Reagan, retained his position and title even though he was unable to perform those duties. He died of Alzheimer’s disease at age 74.
1938~ Judith Martin (née Judith Perlman), American etiquette writer. She is best known as Miss Manners.
1936~ Chuck Allen (né Charles Lee Allen; d. Feb. 14, 2011), American surfing coach turned snowboard evangelist. He was 74 years old.
1925~ Mel Tormé (né Melvin Howard Tormé; d. June 5, 1999), American singer, composer and actor. He was known as “The Velvet Fog”. He died of a stroke at age 73.
1925~ Harley Flanders (d. July 26, 2013), American mathematician. He died at age 87.
1924~ Maurice Jarre (néMaurice-Alexis Jarre, b. Mar. 28, 2009), French composer. Many of his compositions were in movies. He was 84 years old.
1922~ Yma Sumac (née Zoila Augusta Emperatriz Chávarri del Castillo, d. Nov. 1, 2008), Peruvian chanteuse who trilled like a bird. This is the accepted date of her birth, however, there is some controversy and some records note her birthday as being September 10, 1923. She was about 86 at the time of her death.
1919~ George Weidenfeld, Baron Weidenfeld (d. Jan. 20, 2016), British Jewish refugee who became a publishing legend. He was born in Vienna, Austria, but escaped to England during World War II. He died at age 96.
1918~ Rosemary Kennedy (née Rose Marie Kennedy; d. Jan. 7, 2005), oldest daughter of the Kennedy clan. She was the Kennedy who inspired the Special Olympics. When she was 23 years old, her father arranged for her to have a frontal lobotomy, due to her behavioral issues. The procedure failed and she was institutionalized for the rest of her life. Her condition inspired her sister, Eunice, to form the Special Olympics in 1962. She died at age 86.
1916~ Roald Dahl (d. Nov. 23, 1990), English author, best known for his children’s stories, James and the Giant Peachand Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. His first wife was actress Patricia Neal. He died of a rare blood cancer at age 74.
1903~ Claudette Colbert (née Émilie Claudette Chauchion; d. July 30, 1996), French actress. She died at age 92.
1894~ J. B. Priestley (né John Boynton Priestley; d. Aug. 14, 1984), English playwright and novelist. He died a month before his 90thbirthday.
1887~ Leopold Ružička (d. Sept 26, 1976), Croatian chemist and recipient of the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died two weeks after his 89thbirthday.
1886~ Sir Robert Robinson (d. Feb. 8, 1975), English chemist and recipient of the 1947 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 88.
1885~ Wilhelm Blaschke (né Wilhelm Johann Eugen Blaschke; d. Mar. 17, 1962), Austrian-German mathematician. He was a member of the Nazi Party. He died at age 76.
1880~ Jesse L. Lasky (néJesse Louis Lasky; d. Jan. 13, 1958), American movie producer and co-founder of Paramount Pictures. He died of a heart attack at age 77.
1877~ Stanley Lord (né Stanley Phillip Lord; d. Jan. 24, 1962), captain of the SS Californian, a ship in the area,the night the Titanichit an iceberg. He died at age 84.
1876~ Sherwood Anderson (d. Mar. 8, 1941), American author. He is best known for his novel Winesburg, Ohio. He died at age 64 of peritonitis while on a cruise in Panama.
1873~ Constantin Carathéodory (d. Feb. 2, 1950), Greek mathematician. He died at age 76.
1863~ Arthur Henderson (d. Oct. 20, 1935), British politician and recipient of the 1934 Nobel Peace Prize. He died at age 72.
1860~ John J. Pershing (né John Joseph Pershing; d. July 15, 1948), American army general. He died at age 87.
1857~ Milton S. Hershey (né Milton Snavely Hershey; d. Oct. 13, 1945), American confectioner and founder of the Hershey Chocolate Company. He died a month after his 88thbirthday.
1851~ Walter Reed (d. Nov. 22, 1902), American bacteriologist and Army surgeon who studied and discovered the cause of yellow fever. He died at age 51 following an infection from a ruptured appendix.
1819~ Clara Schumann (née Clara Josephine Wieck; d. May 20, 1896), German pianist and composer. She died at age 76.
1660~ Daniel Defoe (néDaniel Foe; d. Apr. 24, 1761), English writer, best known for his novel, Robinson Crusoe. He died at about age 71. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but is believed to have been September 13, 1660.
1601~ Jan Brueghel the Younger (d. Sept. 1, 1678), Flemish painter. He died 12 days before his 77th birthday.
1475~ Cesare Borgia (d. Mar. 12, 1507), Italian politician and cardinal. He was the illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI and his mistress Vannozza die Cattanei, and brother of Lucrezia Borgia. He became the first cardinal to resign, afterwhich he married Charlotte of Albfet. He was assassinated at age 31.
Events that Changed the World:
2018~ Hurricane Florence struck the Carolinas.
2015~ Rosh HaShanah began at sunset.
2008~ Hurricane Ike made landfall along the Texas coast near Galveston Island.
2001~ Civilian airplane traffic resumed in the United States following the September 11, 2001 attacks.
1993~ Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin (1922 ~ 1995) and Palestine Liberation Organization Chairman Yasser Arafat (1929 ~ 2004) signed the Oslo Accords, which granted limited Palestinian autonomy.
1971~ New York State police and National Guardsmen stormed Attica Prison in New York State to end prison riots. The riots had raged for 4 days.
1962~ The United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi ordered the University of Mississippi to admit James Meredith (b. 1933), the first African-American admitted to the segregated University.
1953~ Nikita Khrushchev (1894 ~ 1971) was appointed as the Secretary-General of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
1948~ Margaret Chase Smith (1897 ~ 1995) was elected Senator from Maine, becoming the first woman to serve in both the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate.
1899~ Henry Bliss (b. 1830) became the first person in the United States to be killed in an automobile accident. He was a pedestrian and was struck by a taxi as he exited a street car.
1898~ Hannibal Goodwin (1822 ~ 1900), an American Episcopal priest and inventor, patented celluloid photographic film.
1848~ Phineas Gage (1823 ~ 1860), a railroad worker from Vermont, was injured when a 3-foot iron rod was driven through his head during rock blasting while working on the railway. He survived the injury, but suffered behavioral and personality changes as a result. His injury and survival, however, allowed doctors to study the brain and its functions.
1759~ At the Battle of the Plains of Abraham near Quebec City, the British defeated the French in the French and Indian War.
1541~ John Calvin (1509 ~ 1564) returned to Geneva, Switzerland and to reform the Protestant church which became known as Calvinism.
335~ Emperor Constantine the Great was said to have consecrated the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem on this date.
Good-Byes:
2015~ Moses Malone (néMoses Eugene Malone; b. Mar. 23, 1955) American basketball player. He was the NBA star who mastered the rebound. He died of heart disease at age 60.
2015~ Stanley Hoffmann (b. Nov. 27, 1928), Austrian-born historian. He died at age 86.
2011~ Walter Bonatti (b. June 22, 1930), Italian mountain climber plagued by an untruth. In a 1954 expedition to climb K2, two other older climbers alleged that Bonatti had emptied their oxygen tanks to prevent them from reaching the top. It was not until 2004 that the other climbers came clean and acknowledged that Bonatti had done nothing wrong on the climb. He died at age 81.
2006~ Ann Richards (né Dorothy Ann Willis; b. Sept. 1, 1933), 45thGovernor of Texas. She served as Governor from January 1991 through January 1995. She died of esophageal cancer 12 days after her 73rdbirthday.
2004~ Luis E. Miramontes (né Luis Ernesto Miramontes Cárdenas; b. Mar. 16, 1925), Mexican inventor and best known for being the co-inventor of the chemical used in birth-control pills. He died at age 79.
1989~ George Wallace (né George Corley Wallace, Jr.; b. Aug. 25, 1919), 45thGovernor of Alabama and segregationist. He later renounced his segregationist ideas. After an assassination attempt in 1972, which left him paralyzed, he was wheelchair bound for the remainder of his life. He died 19 days after his 79thbirthday.
1996~ Tupac Shakur (né Lesane Parish Crooks; b. June 16, 1971), American rapper and actor. He was killed in a drive-by shooting at age 25.
1977~ Leopold Stokowski (né Leopold Anthony Stokowski; b. Apr. 18, 1882), Polish-born conductor. He died of a heart attack at age 95.
1953~ Mary Brewster Hazelton (b. Nov. 23, 1868), American portrait painter. She was also an instructor at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Massachusetts. She was born in Milton, Massachusetts and died in Wellesley, Massachusetts. She died at age 84.
1949~ August Krogh (né Schack August Steenberg Krogh; b. Nov. 15, 1874), recipient of the 1920 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in the discovery of the mechanism of the regulation of capillaries in skeletal muscles. He died at age 74.
1858~ Eugene Foss (né Eugene Noble Foss; b. Sept. 24, 1939), 45thGovernor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1911 until January 1914. He died 11 days before his 81stbirthday.
1881~ Ambrose Burnside (né Ambrose Everett Burnside, b. May 23, 1824), Union General during the American Civil War. He was also served as the 30thGovernor of Rhode Island from May 1866 until May 1869. His distinctive style of facial hair became known as Sideburns, in his honor. He died of a heart attack at age 57.
1810~ William Cushing (d. Mar. 1, 1732), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President George Washington. He was one of the original six associate justices on the Supreme Court. He was succeeded by Joseph Story. He served on the Court from September 1789 until his death at age 78. He was born and died in Scituate, Massachusetts.
1759~ Major General James Wolfe (b. Jan. 2, 1727), British general whose success at the Battle of Quebec in 1759, conquered Canada for the British Empire. During the Battle of the Plains of Abraham, however, Wolfe was shot three times and succumbed to his wounds. He was 32 years old.
1592~ Michel de Montaigne (b. Feb. 28, 1533), French philosopher and author. He died at age 59.
1409~ Isabella of Valois (b. Nov. 9, 1389), Queen consort of England. She was the second wife of King Richard II of England. She was married to Richard II at age 7 and was widowed at age 10. She later married Charles, Duke of Orleans. She died in childbirth at age 19.
81~ Titus (b. Dec. 30, 39), the traditional date ascribed to the death of this Roman Emperor. He is best known for leading the siege on Jerusalem and destroying the Second Temple. The actual dates of his birth and death are not known. He is believed to have been 40 or 41 at the time of his death.
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