Birthdays:
1997~ Malala Yousafzai, Pakistani activist for education for girls. Because of her belief that young women should receive an education, she was shot in the head by the Taliban. At age 17, she was the youngest recipient of any Nobel Prize. She was awarded the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize.
1957~ Rick Husband (né Rick Douglas Husband, d. Feb. 1, 2003), American astronaut who was the Commander of the Space Shuttle Columbia when it disintegrated during reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere. He was 45 years old.
1956~ Mel Harris (née Mary Ellen Harris), American actress best known for her role as Hope on ThirtySomething.
1948~ Jay Thomas (né Jon Thomas Terrell,d. Aug. 24, 2017), American actor best known for his role as Eddie LaBec on Cheersand as Jerry Gold on Murphy Brown. He died of throat cancer at age 69.
1937~ Bill Cosby (né William Henry Cosby, Jr.), American comedian. In 2015, he became caught up in a sex scandal. In 2018, he was convicted of 2 counts of aggravated indecent assault.
1937~ Robert McFarlane (né Robert Carl McFarlane), 13th United States National Security Advisor. He served under President Ronald Reagan from October 1983 until December 1985.
1935~ Satoshi Ōmura, Japanese biochemist and recipient of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
1934~ Van Cliburn (né Harvey Lavan Cliburn, Jr., d. Feb. 27, 2013), American pianist who became a Cold War hero. He entered into, and won, the International Tchaikovsky Competition in 1958. He was born in Shreveport, Louisiana. He died at age 78.
1933~ Donald E. Westlake (né Donald Edwin Westlake, d. Dec. 31, 2008), American prolific writer who was a master of mysteries. He died of a heart attack at age 75.
1928~ Elias James Corey, American organic chemist and recipient of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Methuen, Massachusetts.
1923~ Sy Berger (né Seymour Perry Berger, d. Dec. 14, 2014), American Topps salesman who reinvented the baseball card. He died at age 91.
1922~ Mark Hatfield (né Mark Odom Hatfield, d. Aug. 7, 2011), American republican from Oregon who strove for the center. He had also served as the 29th Governor of Oregon. He died less than a month after his 89th birthday.
1917~ Andrew Wyeth (né Andrew Newell Wyeth, d. Jan. 16, 2009), American artist who painted the American psyche. He died at age 91 and is buried in Cushing, Maine.
1913~ Willis Lamb, Jr. (né Willis Eugene Lamb, Jr., d. May 15, 2008), American physicist and recipient of the 1955 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 94.
1908~ Milton Berle (né Mendel Berlinger, d. Mar. 27, 2002), American actor and comedian. He died at age 93.
1904~ Pablo Neruda (né Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto, d. Sept. 23, 1973), Chilean poet and recipient of the 1971 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died under mysterious circumstances at age 69. In 2013, his body was exhumed to determine whether or not he had been murdered.
1895~ Oscar Hammerstein, II (né Oscar Greeley Clendenning Hammerstein, II, d. Aug. 23, 1960), American lyricist. He died of stomach cancer at age 65.
1895~ R. Buckminster Fuller (né Richard Buckminster Fuller, d. July 1, 1983), American architect. He died 11 days before his 88th birthday.
1884~ Amedeo Modigliani (né Amedeo Clemente Modigliani, d. Jan. 24, 1920), Italian painter and sculptor. He died of tubercular meningitis at age 35.
1884~ Louis B. Mayer (né Lazar Meir, d. Oct. 29, 1957), Russian-born American movie producer. He was a cofounder of MGM studios. He died of leukemia at age 73.
1872~ Emil Hácha (d. June 27, 1945), 3rd President of Czechoslovakia. He served as President from November 1938 until March 1939, when the country came under German control. He died three weeks before his 73rd birthday under mysterious circumstances.
1870~ Louis II, Prince of Monaco (né Louis Honoré Charles Antoine Grimaldi, d. May 9, 1949). He died at age 78.
1854~ George Eastman (d. Mar. 14, 1932), American inventor and pioneer in the field of photography. He founded the Eastman Kodak Company. He committed suicide at age 77.
1852~ Hipólito Yrigoyen (d. July 3, 1933), President of Argentina. He served two terms; the first from October 1916 until October 1922, and the second from October 1928 until September 1930. He died 9 days before his 81st birthday.
1817~ Henry David Thoreau (d. May 6, 1862), American author and philosopher. He was born and died in Concord, Massachusetts. He died of bronchitis at age 44.
1730~ Josiah Wedgwood (d. Jan. 3, 1795), English potter and founder of the Wedgwood Company. He died at age 64.
Events that Changed the World:
2006~ The Lebanon-Israel conflict began.
1984~ Geraldine Ferraro (1935 ~ 2011) became the first women to run for Vice President of the United States on a major party ticket.
1962~ The Rolling Stones performed their first public concert.
1862~ The United States Congress authorized the Medal of Honor for personal acts of valor above and beyond the call of duty.
1812~ During the War of 1812, the United States invaded Canada.
1562~ Fray Diego de Landa (1524 ~ 1579), the acting Bishop of the Yucatán, ordered the sacred books of the Mayans be burned.
1561~ St. Basil’s Cathedral in Moscow was consecrated.
1543~ Henry VIII (1491 ~ 1547) of England married his sixth and final wife, Catherine Parr (1512 ~ 1548).
Good-Bye:
2016~ David Margolis (b. Dec. 18, 1939), American eccentric prosecutor who took on the mob. He was the head of the Organized Crime and Racketeering Section of United States Department of Justice for 14 years. He was 76 years old.
2013~ Amar Gopal Bose (néAmar Gopal Bose, b. Nov. 2, 1929), American engineer who pioneered acoustic excellence. He was the founder of the Bose Company. He died at age 83 in Wayland, Massachusetts.
2008~ Tony Snow (né Robert Anthony Snow, b. June 1, 1955), 26th White House Press Secretary. He was the sharp-tongued broadcaster who spoke for President George W. Bush. He died at age 53 from colon cancer.
1996~ John Chancellor (John William Chancellor, b. July 14, 1927), American journalist and news anchor. He died of stomach cancer 2 days before his 69th birthday.
1973~ Lon Chaney, Jr. (né Creighton Tull Chaney, b. Feb. 10, 1906), American actor best known for his role in early silent horror films. He died of heart failure at age 67.
1945~ Boris Galerkin (b. March 4, 1871), Russian mathematician. He died at age 74.
1935~ Alfred Dreyfus (b. Oct. 9, 1859), French military officer and target of the anti-Semitism in the Dreyfus Affair. He died at age 75.
1934~ Ole Evinrude (né Ole Andreassen Aaslundeie, b. Apr. 19, 1877), Norwegian inventor of the outboard motor. He died at age 57.
1931~ Nathan Söderblom (né Lars Olof Jonathan Söderblom, b. Jan. 15, 1866), Swedish archbishop and recipient of the 1930 Nobel Peace Prize. He died at age 65.
1926~ Gertrude Bell (née Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, b. July 14, 1868), English archaeologist, writer and spy. She died 2 days before her 58th birthday of an overdose of sleeping pills. Her death may have been a suicide.
1910~ Charles Rolls (né Charles Stewart Rolls, b. Aug. 27, 1887), English engineer and aviator. He was the co-founder of Rolls-Royce Limited. He died at age 32 in an air crash accident.
1892~ Alexander Cartwright, Jr. (né Alexander Joy Cartwright, Jr., b. Apr. 17, 1820), American firefighter. He is credited with inventing the game of baseball. He died at age 72.
1849~ Dolley Madison (née Dorothea Dandridge Payne, b. May 20, 1768), American First Lady and wife of President James Madison. She had previously been married to John Todd. He died of yellow fever at age 29. She then married James Madison. She died at age 81.
1804~ Alexander Hamilton (b. Jan. 11, 1755/1757), 1st United States Secretary of the Treasury. The exact year of his birth is not known. He was born in Nevis. He was killed one day after being shot in a duel by Aaron Burr. He is believed to have been between 47 and 49 at the time of his death. In 2015, the Broadway rap musical, Hamilton, which is based on his life, premiered in New York.
1682~ Jean-Félix Picard (b. July 21, 1620), French astronomer. He died at less than 2 weeks before his 62nd birthday.
1536~ Desiderius Erasmus (b. Oct. 28, 1466), Dutch theologian and philosopher. He was 69 years old.
965~ Meng Chang (b. 919), 2nd and last Chinese Emperor of the Later Shu dynasty. The exact date of his birth is not known.
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