Birthdays:
1988~ Michael Cera (né Michael Austin Cera), Canadian actor.
1978~ Bill Hader (né William Thomas Hader, Jr.), American comedian. He is best known for his work on Saturday Night Live. He also starred in the comedy television show Barry.
1959~ Mike Pence (né Michael Richard Pence), 48th Vice President of the United States. He served under President Donald Trump. He took Office on January 20, 2017.
1958~ Prince (né Prince Rogers Nelson, d. Apr. 21, 2016), American singer-songwriter and actor. He died of an accidental drug overdose at age 57.
1954~ Louise Erdrich (née Karen Louise Erdrich), American author.
1952~ Liam Neeson (né Liam John Neeson), Irish actor.
1952~ Orhan Pamuk (né Ferit Orhan Pamuk), Turkish writer and recipient of the 2006 Nobel Laureate for Literature.
1947~ Thurman Munson (né Thurman Lee Munson, d. Aug. 2, 1979), American baseball player. He was killed while practice landing in a small plane. He was 32 years old.
1942~ Muammar Gaddafi (d. Oct. 20, 2011), Libyan dictator who was murdered after he was caught by rebels in his home town of Sirte, Lybia. He was the “mad dog” who ruled Libya for 42 years. His fourth son, Mutassim Gaddafi (b. 1977), was also killed in the raid. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but this is often given as June 7, 1942, although he could have been born anytime between 1940 and 1943, making him between 68 and 71 at the time of his death.
1940~ Tom Jones (né Thomas John Woodward), Welsh singer.
1928~ James Ivory (né James Francis Ivory), American movie director.
1917~ Dean Martin (né Dino Paul Crocetti, d. Dec. 25, 1995), American singer and actor. He was 78 years old.
1909~ Virginia Apgar (d. Aug. 7, 1974), American physician who developed the Apgar test for newborns. She died at age 65.
1909~ Jessica Tandy (née Jessie Alice Tandy, d. Sept. 11, 1994), English-American actress. She won an Oscar for her role in Driving Miss Daisy. She was married to actor Hume Cronyn. She died of ovarian cancer at age 85.
1909~ Peter W. Rodino, Jr. (né Peter Wallace Rodino, Jr., d. May 7, 2005), American politician and congressman from New Jersey who presided over President Nixon’s impeachment. He died a month before his 96th birthday.
1899~ Elizabeth Bowen (née Elizabeth Dorothea Cole Bowen, d. Feb. 22, 1973), Irish novelist. She died at age 73.
1896~ Imre Nagy (d. June 16, 1958), Prime Minister of Hungary. He was executed for treason as a result of his participation in the 1956 Hungarian uprising. He was killed 9 days after his 62nd birthday.
1896~ Robert S. Mulliken (né Robert Sanderson Mulliken, d. Oct. 31, 1986), American chemist and recipient of the 1966 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 90.
1877~ Charles Glover Barkla (d. Oct. 23, 1944), English physicist and recipient of the 1917 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 67.
1862~ Philipp Lenard (né Phillipp Eduard Anton von Lenard, d. May 20, 1947), German physicist and recipient of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on cathode rays. He died 17 days before his 85th birthday.
1848~ Paul Gauguin (né Eugène Henri Paul Gauguin, d. May 8, 1903), French painter. He died a month before his 55th birthday.
1770~ Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (néRobert Banks Jenkinson, d. Dec. 4, 1828), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served in that office from June 1812 through April 1927. He died at age 58 of a stroke.
1660~ King George I of Great Britain (d. June 22, 1727). He was king from August 1714 until his death 13 years later. He died 15 days after his 67th birthday.
1082~ Huizong of Song (d. June 4, 1135), 8th Chinese emperor of the Song Dynasty. He died 3 days before his 53rd birthday.
1003~ Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia (d. Jan. 19, 1048), 1st Chinese Emperor of the Western Xia Dynasty. He died at age 44.
Events that Changed the World:
1991~ The volcanic Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines erupted.
1982~ Elvis Presley’s home, Graceland, opened to the public.
1981~ During Operation Opera, the Israeli Air Force destroyed Iraq’s Osiraq nuclear reactor. This facility could have been used to make nuclear weapons.
1971~ In the case of Cohen v. California, the United States Supreme Court overturned Paul Cohen’s conviction for disturbing the peace. This case set the precedent that vulgar writing is protected under the First Amendment of the United States Constitution.
1967~ Israeli forces entered Jerusalem during the Six-Day War.
1966~ Ronald Reagan was elected as governor of California.
1965~ The United States Supreme Court handed down its decision in Griswold v. Connecticut, which legalized contraceptive use by married couples.
1948~ Edvard Beneš (1884 ~ 1948) resigned is office as President of Czechoslovakia rather than sign the Ninth-of-May Constitution, which made the country become a Communist state. Beneš would die 3 month later of natural causes.
1944~ During World War II, a steamer, The Danae, which was carrying 600 individuals, 350 of whom were Jews, sank off the shore of Santorini. There were no survivors.
1942~ World War II’s Battle of Midway ended in an American victory.
1929~ The sovereign State of the Vatican City was established by the Lateran Treaty.
1906~ The Cunard Line’s RMS Lusitaniawas launched from Glasgow, Scotland. It would be torpedoed 9 years later.
1905~ Norway dissolved its union with Sweden.
1899~ Carry Nation (1846 ~ 1911) began her temperance campaign by vandalizing saloons in an effort to stop drinking.
1892~ Homer Plessy (1862 ~ 1925) was arrested for refusing to leave his seat in a “whites-only” section of a train in Louisiana, leading to what would ultimately become the US Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson, which held that “separate but equal” was constitutional.
1692~ A massive earthquake struck Port Royal, Jamaica killing over 1,600 people and injuring another 3,000 people.
1654~ King Louis XIV (1638 ~ 1715) was crowned King of France.
1494~ Spain and Portugal signed the Treaty of Tordesilla, which divided the New World between the two countries.
1099~ During the First Crusade, the Siege of Jerusalem is believed to have begun.
Good-Byes:
2015~ Sir Christopher Lee (né Christopher Frank Carandini Lee, b. May 27, 1922), British actor who brought monsters to life. He was known for his portrayal of Dracula and for being a Bond villain. He died 11 days after his 93rd birthday.
2012~ Phillip Tobias (né Phillip Valentine Tobias, b. Oct. 14, 1925), South African paleoanthropologist, best known for his work at South Africa’s hominid fossil sites. He died at age 86.
2011~ Leonard B. Stern (né Leonard Bernard Stern, Dec. 23, 1923), American TV writer who laughed all the way to the bank. He was known for writing and creating such shows as The Honeymoonersand Get Smart. He died at age 87.
2008~ Jim McKay (né James Kenneth McManus, b. Sept. 24, 1921), American sportscaster. He died at age 86.
1994~ Dennis Potter (né Dennis Christopher George Potter, b. May 17, 1935), British television writer and journalist. He died of pancreatic cancer 21 days after his 59th birthday.
1980~ Henry Miller (né Henry Valentine Miller, b. Dec. 26, 1891), American writer best known for his books Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn. He died at age 88.
1978~ Ronald George Wreyford Norrish (b. Nov. 9, 1897), English chemist and recipient of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died at age 80.
1970~ E.M. Forster (né Edward Morgan Forster, b. Jan. 1, 1879), English author, best known for his novels, A Room with a View, to A Passage to India, and Howards End. He died at age 91.
1967~ Anatoly Maltsev (b. Nov. 27, 1909), Russian mathematician. He died at age 57.
1967~ Dorothy Parker (née Dorothy Rothschild, b. Aug. 22, 1893), American writer. She died of a heart attack at age 73.
1966~ Jean Arp (b. Sept. 16, 1886), German-born painter and artist. He was also known as Hans Arp. He died at age 79.
1965~ Judy Holliday (née Judith Tuvim, b. June 21, 1921), American actress. She died of breast cancer 2 weeks before her 44th birthday.
1954~ Alan Turing (né Alan Mathison Turing, b. June 23, 1912), British mathematician and computer scientist. He was the subject of the 2014 movie The Imitation Game. He died committed suicide by cyanide poisoning 16 days before his 42nd birthday.
1937~ Jean Harlow (née Harlean Harlow Carpenter, b. Mar. 3, 1911), American actress. She married three times. She died of kidney disease at age 26.
1876~ Josephine of Leuchtenberg (b. Mar. 14, 1807), Queen of Sweden and Norway. She was married to King Oscar I of Sweden. She died at age 69.
1799~ Increase Sumner (b. Nov. 27, 1746), 5th Governor of Massachusetts. He served in that office from 1797 until his death in office in June 1799. He died at age 52 of a heart attack.
1394~ Anne of Bohemia (b. May11, 1394), Queen of England. She was the first wife of King Richard II. They were married for 12 years before she died of the plague less than a month after her 28th birthday. The couple had no children.
1329~ Robert the Bruce (b. July 11, 1274), King of the Scots. He reigned from March 1306 until his death in 1329. He died at age 54.
555~ Pope Vigilius (b. 500). He was Pope from March 537 until his death on this date 18 years later. The exact date of his birth is unknown.
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