Birthdays:
1983~ Edward Snowden (né Edward Joseph Snowden), American whistleblower.
1982~ Prince William, Duke of Cambridge.
1979~ Chris Pratt (né Christopher Michael Pratt), American actor.
1973~ Juliette L. Lewis, American actress.
1954~ Robert Pastorelli (néRobert Joseph Pastorelli, d. Mar. 8, 2004), American actor best known for his role as Eldon on Murphy Brown. He died of a drug overdose that may have been a suicide. He was 49 years old.
1953~ Benazir Bhutto (d. Dec. 27, 2007), 11th Pakistani Prime Minister. She was assassinated in a bombing attack after leaving a political rally where she was attempting another campaign to become Pakistan’s prime minister. She was at 54 years old.
1951~ Jim Douglas (né James Holley Douglas), 80th Governor of Vermont. He served as Governor from January 2003 until January 2011.
1947~ Meredith Baxter (né Meredith Ann Baxter), American actress.
1947~ Shirin Ebadi, Iranian judge and activist. She was the recipient of the 2003 Nobel Peace Prize and was the first Iranian to receive this award.
1947~ Michael Gross (né Michael Edward Gross), American actor.
1944~ Sir Ray Davies (né Raymond Douglas Davies), frontman for the Kinks.
1942~ Togo D. West, Jr. (né Togo Dennis West, Jr.), 3rd United States Secretary of Veteran Affairs. He served under President Bill Clinton from May 1998 until July 2000.
1940~ Mariette Hartley (née Mary Loretta Hartley), American actress and television personality.
1938~ Michael M. Richter, German mathematician.
1933~ Bernie Kopell (né Bernard Morton Kopell), American actor best known for his role on The Love Boat.
1931~ Margaret Heckler (née Margaret Mary O’Shaugnhessy), 15th United States Secretary of Health and Human Services. She served under Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush from January 1986 until August 1989.
1928~ Wolfgang Haken, German-American mathematician.
1925~ Maureen Stapleton (née Lois Maureen Stapleton, d. Mar. 13, 2006), American actress. She died in Lenox, Massachusetts at age 80.
1923~ Peter Flanigan (né Peter Magnus Flanigan, d. July 29, 2013), American investment banker and Nixon aide who pioneered education reform. He died just over a month after his 90th birthday.
1921~ Judy Holliday (née Judith Tuvim, d. June 7, 1965), American actress. She died of breast cancer 2 weeks before her 44th birthday.
1921~ Jane Russell (née Ernestine Jane Geraldine Russell, d. Feb. 28, 2011), American actress. She died at age 89 of respiratory failure.
1920~ Iosif Vorovich (d. Sept. 6, 2001), Russian mathematician. He died at age 81.
1918~ Tibor Szele (d. Apr. 5, 1955), Hungarian mathematician. He died at age 36.
1914~ William Vickery (né William Spencer Vickery, d. Oct. 11, 1996), Canadian economist and recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. The announcement of his Nobel Prize was just 3 days before his death of heart failure. The award was given to him posthumously. He died at age 82.
1912~ Mary McCarthy (née Mary Therese McCarthy, d. Oct. 25, 1989), American writer, best known for her novel, The Group. She died of lung cancer at age 77.
1905~ Jean-Paul Sartre (d. Apr. 15, 1980), French existential philosopher and writer. He was awarded the 1964 Nobel Prize in Literature, however he refused it claiming that he always declined official honors. He died at age 74.
1903~ Albert “Al” Hirschfeld (d. Jan. 20, 2003), American illustrator. He died at age 99.
1882~ Rockwell Kent (d. Mar. 13, 1971), American painter and illustrator. He died of a heart attack at age 88.
1870~ Clara Immerwahr (d. May 2, 1915), German chemist and women’s rights activist. She was the first woman chemist to be awarded a doctorate in Germany. Although born Jewish, she converted to Christianity. She committed suicide at age 44.
1781~ Baron Siméon Denis Poisson (d. Apr. 25, 1840), French mathematician. His name is one of 72 inscribed on the Eiffel Tower. He died at age 58.
1774~ Daniel D. Tompkins (d. June 11, 1825), 6th Vice President of the United States. He served under President James Monroe from March 1817 until March 1825. He had previously served as the 4th Governor of New York State. He died 10 days before his 51stbirthday.
1759~ Alexander J. Dallas (néAlexander James Dallas, d. Jan. 16, 1817), 6th United States Secretary of the Treasury. He served under President James Madison. He served in this Office from October 1814 through October 1816. He died at age 57.
1732~ Johan Christoph Friedrich Back (d. Jan. 26, 1795), German pianist and composer. He was the 5th son of Johann Sebastian Bach. He died at age 62.
1710~ James Short (d. June 14, 1768), Scottish mathematician and telescope maker. He died 7 days before his 58th birthday.
1639~ Increase Mather (d. Aug. 23, 1723), Early American colonist and minister. He died at age 84.
1528~ Maria of Austria (d. Feb. 26, 1603), Holy Roman Empress and wife of Maximilian II. She died at age 74.
1002~ Pope Leo IX (né Bruno von Egisheim-Dagsburg, d. Apr. 19, 1054). He was Pope from February 1049 until his death 5 years later. He was 51 years old.
598~ Pope Martin I (d. Sept. 16, 655). He was Pope from July 649 until his death 6 years later. He died at age 57.
Events that Changed the World:
2015~ Father’s Day observed in the United States.
1989~ The United States Supreme Court ruled in Texas v. Johnson that burning the American flag was a form of political protest and thus was protected by the First Amendment.
1982~ John Hinckley (b. 1955) was found not guilty by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of President Ronald Reagan (1911 ~ 2004).
1978~ The original production of the musical Evitaopened in London.
1964~ During the American Civil Rights movement, three civil rights workers, Andrew Goodman (b. 1943), James Chaney (b. 1943) and Michael “Mickey” Schwerner (b. 1939), were murdered in Mississippi. In June 2005, 41 years later, Edgar Ray Killen (1925 ~ 2018) was found guilty of manslaughter and was sentenced to 60 years in prison.
1963~ Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini (1897 ~ 1978) was elected as Pope Paul VI.
1945~ Allied forces captured Okinawa during World War II.
1900~ China formally declared war on the United States, Britain, Germany, France and Japan, as an edict was issued from the Dowager Empress Cixi (1835 ~ 1908), in what became known as the Boxer Rebellion.
1898~ The United States captured Guam from Spain.
1788~ New Hampshire ratified the Constitution of the United States and was admitted as the 9thState in the Union.
1749~ Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada is founded.
Good-Byes:
2017~ Yuri Drozdov (b. Sept 19, 1925), Russian spymaster who planted agents across the West. He died at age 91.
2016~ Arthur “Al” Howie (b. Sept. 16, 1945), Scottish ultramarathoner who couldn’t stop running. At age 30, he quit smoking and took up running. He died at age 70.
2012~ Anna Schwartz (née Anna Jacobson, b. Nov. 11, 1915), American economist who rewrote the history of the Depression. She is best known for her 1963 classic A Monetary History of the United States. She died at age 96.
2003~ Leon Uris (né Leon Marcus Uris, b. Aug. 3, 1924), American writer, best known for his novel, Exodus, which is about the creation of the State of Israel. He died at age 78.
2001~ Carroll O’Connor (néJohn Carroll O’Connor, b. Aug. 2, 1924), American actor, best known for his role as Archie Bunker on the TV series, All in the Family. He died at age 76.
1985~ Ettore Boiardi (b. Oct. 22, 1897), Italian-born chef and founder of Chef Boyardee. His Anglicized name was Hector Boyardee. He died at age 87.
1964~ Andrew Goodman (b. Nov. 23, 1943), American civil rights activist who was murdered on a Freedom March in Mississippi during Freedom Summer. He was killed at age 20.
1964~ James Chaney (né James Earle Chaney, b. May 30, 1943), American civil rights activist who was murdered during Freedom Summer. He was murdered 22 days after his 21st birthday.
1964~ Michael Schwerner (b. Nov. 6, 1939), American civil rights activist who was murdered during Freedom Summer. He was murdered at age 24.
1957~ Johannes Stark (b. Apr. 15, 1874), German physicist and recipient of the 1919 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was closely associated with the Nazi party. He died at age 83.
1954~ Gideon Sundbäck (b. Apr. 24, 1880), Swedish-American engineer and inventor of the zipper. He died at age 74.
1914~ Bertha von Suttner (b. June 9, 1843), Austrian novelist and pacifist. She was recipient of the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize. She was the first woman to be awarded the Peace Prize. She died less than 2 weeks after her 71st birthday.
1913~ Gaston Tarry (b. Sept. 27, 1843), French mathematician. He died at age 69.
1908~ Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov (b. Mar. 18, 1844), Russian composer. He died at age 64.
1893~ Leland Stanford (né Amasa Leland Stanford, b. Mar. 9, 1824), American businessman and founder of Stanford University in California, which he named after his son, Leland, who died at age 15. He served as the 8th Governor of California from January 1862 through December 1863. He was also a United States senator from California. He died of heart failure at age 69.
1876~ Antonia López de Santa Anna (b. Feb. 21, 1794), President of Mexico and Mexican general. He died at age 82.
1852~ Friedrich Fröbel (b. Apr. 21, 1782), German founder of the Kindergarten system. He died at age 70
1652~ Inigo Jones (b. July 15, 1573), English architect. He died 24 days before his 79th birthday.
1527~ Niccolò Machiavelli (b. May 3, 1469), Italian historian and political author, best known for his book, The Prince. He is sometimes considered the father of modern political science. He died at age 58.
1377~ King Edward III of England (b. Nov. 13, 1312). He reigned from January 1327 until his death in June 1377. He died at age 64.
1305~ Wenceslaus II of Bohemia (b. Sept. 27, 1271). He died at age 33, probably of tuberculosis.
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