Birthdays:
1950 ~ Tim Russert (né Timothy John Russert; d. June 13, 2008), American television news host and political analyst. He was born in Buffalo, New York. He died unexpectedly of coronary thrombosis at age 58 in Washington, D.C.
1948 ~ Susan Atkins (née Susan Denise Atkins; d. Sept. 24, 2009), American convicted murderer who was a member of the “Manson” family who killed Sharon Tate. She was sentenced to death, but the sentence was later commuted to life. She was born in San Gabriel, California. She died of brain cancer at age 61 in prison.
1939 ~ Sidney Altman (d. Apr. 5, 2022), Canadian molecular biologist, and recipient of the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the catalytic properties of RNA. He was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He died in Rockleigh, New Jersey about a month before his 83rd birthday.
1927 ~ Ruth Prawer Jhabvala (d. Apr. 3, 2013), German-born American novelist and screenwriter. Her family fled to Britain in 1939 to escape the Nazism. She wrote the screenplay for The Remains of the Day. She was born in Cologne, Weimar Republic. She died just a month before her 86th birthday in New York, New York.
1923 ~ Anne Baxter (d. Dec. 12, 1985), American actress. Her grandfather was Frank Lloyd Wright. She was born in Michigan City, Indiana. She died in Spring Green, Wisconsin of a brain aneurysm at age 62.
1919 ~ Eva Perón (née Eva María Duarte; d. July 26, 1952), Argentine actress. She was also the First Lady of Argentine and second wife of Juan Perón. She died of cancer at age 33 in Bueno Aires, Argentina.
1909 ~ Edwin Land (né Edwin Herbert Land; d. Mar. 1, 1991), American scientist and inventor of the Polaroid camera. He was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He died at age 81 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1901 ~ Gary Cooper (né Frank James Cooper; d. May 13, 1961), American actor. He was born in Helena, Montana. He died in Los Angeles, California of prostate cancer 6 days after his 60th birthday.
1896 ~ Pavel Alexandrov (d. Nov. 16, 1982), Russian mathematician. He made important contributions to set theory and topology. He was born in Noginsk, Russia. He died at age 86 in Moscow, Russia.
1892 ~ Josep Broz Tito (d. May 4, 1980), 1st President of Yugoskavia. He was in office from January 1953 until his death on May 4, 1980. He died 3 days before his 88th birthday.
1892 ~ Archibald MacLeish (d. Apr. 20, 1982), American poet and writer. He served as the 9th Librarian of Congress from 1939 to 1944. He was born in Glencoe, Illinois. He died in Boston, Massachusetts 17 days before his 90th birthday.
1867 ~ Władysław Reymont (d. Dec. 5, 1925), Polish writer and recipient of the 1924 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 58 in Warsaw, Poland.
1861 ~ Rabindranath Tagor (d. Aug. 7, 1941), Indian writer and recipient of the 1913 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born and died in Calcutta, India. He died at age 80.
1847 ~ Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, 1st Earl of Midlothian (d. May 21, 1929), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He served in Office from March 1894 until June 1895 during the reign of Queen Victoria. He died 2 weeks after his 82nd birthday.
1845 ~ Mary Eliza Mahoney (d. Jan. 4, 1926), African-American nurse and social activist. She was the first African-American to train and work as a professional nurse. She was born in Dorchcester, Massachusetts. She died at age 80 in Boston, Massachusetts.
1840 ~ Peter Tchaikovsky (né Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky; d. Nov. 6, 1893), Russian composer, best known for The Nutcracker Suite and the 1812 Overture. He died at age 53 in St. Petersburg, Russia.
1836 ~ Joseph Gurney Cannon (d. Nov. 12, 1926), Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He served in this office from November 1903 until March 1911, during the terms of Presidents Taft and Roosevelt. He was a member of Congress from Illinois. He was born in Guilford County, North Carolina. He died at age 90 in Danville, Illinois.
1833 ~ Johannes Brahms (d. Apr. 3, 1897), German composer. He died about a month before his 64th birthday.
1832 ~ Carl Neumann (né Karl Gottfried Neumann; d. Mar. 27, 1925), German mathematician. He died at age 92.
1826 ~ Varina Davis (née Varina Anne Banks Howell; d. Oct. 16, 1906), First Lady of the Confederate States of American and second wife of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. She was born in Natchez, Mississippi. She died at age 80 in New York, New York.
1812 ~ Robert Browning (d. Dec. 12, 1889), English poet. He was born in London, England. He died at age 77 in Venice, Italy.
1787 ~ Jacques Viger (b. Dec. 12, 1858), 1st Mayor of Montreal, Quebec. He was Mayor from 1833 until 1836. He was born and died in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He died at age 71.
1754 ~ Joseph Joubert (d. May 4, 1824), French moralist and essayist. He was born in Montignac, France. He died 3 days before his 70th birthday in Villeneuve-sur-Yonne, France.
1711 ~ David Hume (d. Aug. 25, 1776), Scottish philosopher and historian. He was born and died in Edinburgh, Scotland. He died at age 65.
1710 ~ Thomas Reid (d. Oct. 7, 1796), Scottish mathematician and philosopher. He was born in Strachan, Scotland. He died at age 86 in Glasgow, Scotland.
1643 ~ Stephanus Van Cortlandt (d. Nov. 25, 1700), 10th and 17th Mayor of New York City. He initially served from 1677 to 1678. His second term in office was from 1686 to 1688. He was born in New Amsterdam, New Netherlands (current day New York City). He died at age 57 in New York, New York.
1488 ~ John III of the Palatinate (d. Feb. 3, 1538), Archbishop of Regensberg. He was of the House of Wittelsbach. He was the son of Philip, Elector Palatine and Margaret of Bavaria. He died at age 49.
Events that Changed the World:
2016 ~ Joshua Brown (1976 ~ 2016) became the first person to be killed by a self-driving car. Brown had put his Model S Tesla into autopilot mode. The car’s sensors system failed to brake for a white trailer-tractor turning in front of it, thus the car crashed into the gap between the semi’s wheels.
2015 ~ A general election was held in the United Kingdom.
2007 ~ Archaeologist uncover what is believed to be the tomb of Herod the Great in Israel, just south of Jerusalem.
2004 ~ American businessman Nicholas “Nick” Berg (1978 ~ 2004) was beheaded by Islamic militants. The beheading was videotaped and released on the Internet.
2000 ~ Vladimir Putin (b. 1952) was inaugurated as president of Russia.
1999 ~ Pope John Paul II (1920 ~ 2005) traveled to Romania. He was the first pope to visit a predominantly Eastern Orthodox country since the Great Schism in 1054.
1999 ~ Nancy Mace (b. 1977) became the first female cadet to graduate from The Citadel. In January 2021, she became a Republican United States Representative in Congress from South Carolina.
1992 ~ Canada experienced its first “fast-food” murder when three employees at a McDonald’s restaurant in Sydney, Nova Scotia were brutally murdered, and a fourth individual was permanently disabled after a botched robbery.
1992 ~ Michigan ratified a proposed Constitutional Amendment to the United States Constitution, thereby enacting the 27th Amendment, which prohibits members of Congress from giving themselves mid-term pay raises. This amendment was originally proposed on June 8, 1789, over 203 years earlier!
1964 ~ Pacific Air Lines Flight 773 crashed near San Ramon, California. All 44 passengers and crew aboard were killed. The cockpit recorder tape indicated that the pilot and co-pilot had been shot by a suicidal passenger.
1960 ~ During the U-2 Crisis of 1960, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev (1894 ~ 1971) announced that Russia was holding American U-2 pilot Gary Powers (1929 ~ 1977). Powers would be imprisoned by the Soviets until a prisoner exchange in February 1962.
1954 ~ The Battle of Điện Biên Phủ, which had begun on March 13, 1954, ended in a French defeat and a Viet Minh victory.
1952 ~ Geoffrey Dummer (1909 ~ 2002) first published an article regarding the concept of the integrated circuit ~ the basis for all modern computers.
1930 ~ A 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck in northwest Iran and southeast Turkey. At least 3000 people were killed.
1915 ~ During World War I, a German submarine sank the passenger liner the RMS Lusitania, killing 1,198 people. This event was recounted in Erik Larson’s 2015 book, Dead Wake.
1847 ~ The American Medical Association was founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
1840 ~ The Great Natchez Tornado hit Natchez, Mississippi. Over 315 people were killed. It is one of the deadliest tornados to strike in the United States.
1718 ~ Jean-Batiste La Moyne de Bienville (1680 ~ 1767) founded the city of New Orleans in what is now the state of Louisiana.
1697 ~ The Royal Castle in Stockholm, Sweden, which was built in medieval times, was destroyed by fire.
1664 ~ Louis XIV, King of France (1638 ~ 1715) inaugurated the Palais de Versailles.
1487 ~ The siege of Málaga by the Catholic Monarch began as aprt of their Reconquest of Spain. The city of Mālaqa was taken from the Emirate of Granada. The siege lasted until the middle of August 1487. This conflict is believed to have been the first conflict in which ambulances dedicated for the removal of injured people were used.
1274 ~ The Second Council of Lyons, France began and began working on regulations for the election of the Pope.
558 ~ The dome of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople collapsed. It was immediately rebuilt. The basilica still stands today.
351 ~ The date traditionally ascribed to when the Jews of Roman Palaestina began a rebellion against the Roman Empire after Gallus was appointed to rule over Antioch.
Good-Byes:
2022 ~ Mickey Gilley (né Mickey Leroy Gilley; b. Mar. 9, 1936), American country music singer-songwriter. He was born in Natchez, Mississippi. He died at age 86 in Branson, Missouri.
2021 ~ Leigh H. Perkins (b. Nov. 27, 1927), American outdoorsman who turned Orvis into a lifestyle powerhouse. He served as the CEO of Orvis from 1965 until 1992. He devoted his efforts to a variety of conservation causes and divided his time among homes in Vermont, Florida, and Wyoming. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He died in Monticello, Florida at age 93.
2020 ~ John von Sternberg (b. Apr. 3, 1941), American real estate agent who served as a volunteer firefighter in Mountain Lakes, New Jersey. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died of Covid-19 at age 79.
2013 ~ Ray Harryhausen (né Raymond Frederick Harryhausen, b. June 29, 1920), American animator who made onscreen magic. He is best known for stop motion model animation, known as Dynamation. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He died at age 92 in London, England.
2011 ~ Seve Ballesteros (né Severiano Ballesteros Sota; b. Apr. 9, 1957), Spanish golfer. He died of a brain tumor a month after his 54th birthday.
2011 ~ Willard S. Boyle (né Willard Sterling Boyle; b. Aug. 19, 1924), Canadian physicist and recipient of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Amherst, Nova Scotia, Canada. He died at age 86 in Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada.
2011 ~ Kate Swift (b. Dec. 9, 1923), American feminist author who skewered sexist language. She was born in Yonkers, New York. She died at age 87 in Middletown, Connecticut.
2005 ~ Peter W. Rodino, Jr. (né Peter Wallace Rodino, Jr.; b. June 7, 1909), American Democratic politician and congressman from New Jersey who presided over President Nixon’s impeachment. He served in the United States House of Representatives from January 1949 until January 1989. He was born in Newark, New Jersey. He died a month before his 96th birthday in West Orange, New Jersey.
2002 ~ Kevyn Aucoin (né Kevyn James Aucoin; b. Feb. 14, 1962), American make-up artist and photographer from Louisiana. He was born in Shreveport, Louisiana and grew up in Lafayette, Louisiana. He died at age 40 in Valhalla, New York.
2000 ~ Douglas Fairbanks (né Douglas Elton Fairbanks, Jr.; b. Dec. 9, 1909), American actor. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died at age 90.
1998 ~ Eddie Rabbit (né Edward Thomas Rabbit; b. Nov. 27, 1941), American singer-songwriter. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died of lung cancer at age 56 in Nashville, Tennessee.
1998 ~ Allan McLeod Cormack (b. Feb. 23, 1924), South African physicist and recipient of the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on X-ray computer tomography. He was born in Johannesburg, South Africa. He died of cancer at age 74 in Winchester, Massachusetts.
1966 ~ Stanisław J. Lec (né Baron Stanisław Jerzy de Tusch-Lec; b. Mar. 6, 1909), Polish poet. He is considered one of the most influential writers of post-war Poland. He was born in Lviv, Ukraine. He died at age 67 in Warsaw, Poland..
1932 ~ Paul Doumer (né Joseph Athanase Gaston Paul Doumer; b. Mar. 22, 1857), President of France. He was president from 1931 until his assassination a year later. Prior to entering politics, Doumer was a professor of mathematics. He was born in Aurillac, France. He was assassinated in Paris, France. He was 75 years old at the time of his death.
1915 ~ Elbert Hubbard (né Elbert Green Hubbard; b. June 19, 1856), American writer and philosopher. He was born in Bloomington, Illinois. He was killed aboard the RMS Lusitania when it was torpedoed. He was 58 at the time of his death.
1896 ~ H.H. Holmes (né Herman Webster Mudgett, aka Dr. Henry Howard Holmes; b. May 16, 1861), American serial killer. He is one of the first recorded serial killers. He committed numerous murders in Chicago during the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition. He was born in Gilmanton, New Hampshire. He was found guilty of murder and was executed 9 days before his 35th birthday at the Moyamensing Prison in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is the subject of the 2003 book, The Devil in the White City, by Erik Larson.
1873 ~ Salmon P. Chase (né Salmon Portland Chase; b. Jan. 13, 1808), 6th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was appointed to the High Court by President Abraham Lincoln. He served on the Court from December 1864 until his death 9 years later. He replaced Roger Taney and was succeeded by Morris Waite. He presided over the Senate during the impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson. He had previously served as the 25th United States Secretary of the Treasury under the Lincoln administration. Although born in Cornish, New Hampshire, he served as the 23rd Governor of Ohio from January 1856 through January 1860. He died of a stroke in New York, New York at age 65.
1873 ~ John Stuart Mill (b. May 20, 1806), English philosopher. He died 13 days before his 67th birthday in Avignon, France.
1872 ~ Alexander Loyd (b. Aug. 19, 1805), 4th Mayor of Chicago. He served in that office from 1840 until 1841. He was born in Orange County, New York. He died at age 66 in West Lyons, Illinois.
1825 ~ Antonio Salieri (b. Aug. 18, 1750), Italian composer. He died at age 74.
1805 ~ William Petty, 1st Marquis of Lansdowne (b. May 2, 1737), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was Prime Minister during the reign of King George III, from July 1782 until April 1783. He was born in Dublin, Ireland. He died 5 days after his 68th birthday in Westminster, England.
1800 ~ Niccolò Piccinni (b. Jan. 16, 1728), Italian composer. He died at age 72.
1718 ~ Mary of Modena (b. Oct. 5, 1658), Queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland. She was the second wife of James II, King of England (James VII, King of Scotland; 1633 ~ 1701). They married in 1673. She was of the House of Este. She was the daughter of Alfonso IV, Duke of Modena and Laura Martinozzi. She was Catholic. She died of cancer at age 59.
1682 ~ Feodor III, Tsar of Russia (b. June 9, 1661). He was Tsar from 1676 until his death in 1682. He was married twice. His first wife was Agafiya Semyonovna Grushetskaya (1663 ~ 1681). They married in 1680. After her death from complications of childbirth, he married Marfa Apraxina (1664 ~ 1716). They married for only 71 days in 1682. He was of the House of Romanov. He was the son of Alexis I, Tsar of Russia and Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya. He died of scurvy about a month before his 21st birthday. His young death sparked the Moscow Uprising of 1682.
1205 ~ Ladislaus III, King of Hungary (b. 1200). He ruled over Hungary and Croatia from 1204 until his death a year later. He was only a child. He was of the Árpád Dynasty. He was the only son of Emeric of Hungary and Infanta Constance of Aragon. He was Roman Catholic. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 4 or 5 at the time of his death.
1166 ~ William I, King of Sicily (b. 1120). He ruled Sicily from 1154 until his death 12 years later. He was married to Margaret of Navarre (1135 ~ 1183). They married in 1149. He was of the House of Hauteville. He was the son of Roger I, King of Sicily and Infanta Elvira of Castile. The date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about age 46 at the time of his death.
973 ~ Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. Nov. 23, 912). He reigned as Holy Roman Emperor from February 962 until his death 11 years later. He was known as Otto the Great. He was married twice. His first wife was Eadgyth of England (910 ~ 146). His second wife was Adelaide of Italy (931 ~ 999). He was of the Ottonian Dynasty. He was the son of Henry the Fowler and Matilda of Ringelheim. He died at age 60.
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