Birthdays:
1968 ~ Emmanuelle Charpentier (née Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier), French microbiologist, geneticist, and biochemist. She was the recipient of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her work in developing a method for gene editing. She was born in Juvisy-sur-Orge, France.
1950 ~ Christina Onassis (d. Nov. 19, 1988), American-born Greek heiress and socialite. She was the daughter of Ari Onassis and the stepdaughter of Jackie Kennedy Onassis. She was born in New York, New York. She died of a heart attack 3 weeks before her 38th birthday in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1947 ~ Teri Garr (née Teri Ann Garr), American actress. She was born in Lakewood, Ohio.
1944 ~ Michael Lang (né Michael Scott Lang; d. Jan. 8, 2022), American concert impresario and artistic manager who was the driving force behind the 1969 Woodstock music festival in upstate New York. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma less than a month after his 77th birthday.
1944 ~ Brenda Lee (née Brenda Mae Tarpley), American singer. She was born in Atlanta, Georgia.
1943 ~ John Kerry (né John Forbes Kerry), 68th Secretary of State. He served in the second Barak Obama administration from February 2013 through January 2017. He had previously served as a Democratic United States Senator from Massachusetts. He was also a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2004 Presidential campaign. He was born in Aurora, Colorado.
1940 ~ Donna Mills (née Donna Jean Mills), American actress. She is best known for her role as Abby Cunningham on the television drama Knots Landing. She was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1939 ~ Tom Hayden (né Thomas Emmet Hayden; d. Oct. 23, 2016), American politician and political activist. He was the 60s radical who became a liberal lawmaker in the California legislature. He was also married to Jane Fonda from 1973 until their divorce in 1990. He was born in Royal Oak, Michigan. He died at age 73 in Santa Monica, California.
1938 ~ Fred Cox (né Frederick William Cox; d. Nov. 20, 2019), American NFL football kicker who helped invent the Nerf football. He was a kicker for 15 years with the Minnesota Vikings. He was born in Monongahela, Pennsylvania. He died 21 days before his 81st birthday. He died in Monticello, Minnesota.
1938 ~ McCoy Tyner (né Alfred McCoy Tyner; d. Mar. 6, 2020), African-American pianist and John Coltrane sideman who reshaped jazz. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 81 in Bergenfield, New Jersey.
1937 ~ Jim Harrison (né James Harrison; d. Mar. 26, 2016), American poet, novelist and essayist who told wild American tales. He was born in Grayling, Michigan. He died of a heart attack at age 78 in Patagonia, Arizona.
1931 ~ Ronald Dworkin (né Ronald Myles Dworkin; d. Feb. 14, 2013), American legal scholar who based law in morality. He was a Constitutional law scholar. He was born in Providence, Rhode Island. He died in London, England at age 81.
1931 ~ Rita Moreno (née Rosa Delores Alverío Marcano), American actress and dancer. She was born in Humacao, Puerto Rico.
1927 ~ Stein Eriksen (d. Dec. 27, 2015), Norwegian Olympic champion who helped popularize skiing. He won gold medals in the 1952 Winter Olympics. He was born in Oslo, Norway. He died just over 2 weeks after his 88th birthday in Park City, Utah.
1925 ~ Paul Greengard (d. Apr. 13, 2019), American neuroscientist and recipient of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He is best known for his work on the molecular and cellular functions of neurons. He was born and died in New York City. He died at age 93.
1923 ~ Lillian Cahn (née Lillian Lenovitz; d. Mar. 4, 2013), Hungarian-born businesswoman who co-founded Coach, Inc. She died at age 89 in Manhattan, New York.
1922 ~ Grace Paley (née Grace Goodside; d. Aug. 22, 2007), American writer and political activist. She was born in the Bronx, New York. She died in Thetford, Vermont at age 84.
1918 ~ Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (d. Aug. 3, 2008), Russian novelist and Soviet dissident who chronicled the evils of communism. He was the recipient of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 89 in Moscow, Russia.
1912 ~ Carlos Ponti, Sr. (né Carlos Fortunato Pietro Ponti; d. Jan. 10, 2007), Italian film producer and husband of Sophia Loren. He died a month after his 94th birthday in Geneva, Switzerland.
1911 ~ Naguib Mahfouz (né Naguib Mahfouz Abdelaziz Ibrahim Ahmed Al-Basha; d. Aug. 30, 2006), Egyptian author and recipient of the 1988 Nobel Prize for Literature. He was born in Cairo, Egypt. He died at age 94.
1911 ~ Qian Xuesen (d. Oct. 31, 2009), Chinese aerodynamicist who put China in space. He was born in Shanghai, China. He died at age 97 in Beijing, China.
1909 ~ Fred Seaton (né Frederick Andrew Seaton; d. Jan. 16, 1974), 36th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He served in this office from June 1956 until January 1961. During his tenure as Secretary of the Interior, Alaska and Hawaii became states admitted into the Union. He had briefly previously served as a Republican United States Senator from Nebraska. He was born in Washington, D. C. He died just over a month after his 64th birthday in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
1904 ~ Marge (née Marjorie Lyman Henderson; d. May 30, 1993), American cartoonist. She was the creator of Little Lulu. She was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She died of lymphoma at age 88 in Elyria, Ohio.
1890 ~ Carlos Gardel (né Charles Romuald Gardès; d. June 24, 1935), French-Argentine tango singer and dancer. He was born in Toulouse, France. He was killed in a plane crash at age 44 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1889 ~ Walter Knott (né Walter Marvin Knott; d. Dec. 3, 1981), American farmer and creator of Knott’s Berry Farm amusement park in California. He was born in San Bernardino, California. He died 8 days before his 92nd birthday in Buena Park, California.
1882 ~ Fiorello H. La Guardia (né Fiorello Henry La Guardia; d. Sept. 20, 1947), American politician and 99th Mayor of New York City. He served as Mayor from January 1934 through December 1945. One of the airports servicing New York City was named for him. He was born and died in New York, New York. He died of pancreatic cancer at age 64.
1882 ~ Max Born (d. Jan. 5, 1970), German physicist and mathematician. He was the recipient of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died 25 days after his 87th birthday.
1875 ~ Yehuda Leib Maimon (né Yehuda Leib Fishman, d. July 10, 1962), Israeli rabbi and politician. He was a leader of the Religious Zionist Movement. He died at age 86.
1873 ~ Josip Plemelj (d. May 22, 1967), Slovenian mathematician. He died at age 93.
1863 ~ Annie Jump Cannon (d. Apr. 13, 1941), American astronomer. She was also an advocate for women’s rights. She was born in Dover, Delaware. She died at age 77 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1850 ~ Lady Mary Victoria Douglas-Hamilton (d. May 14, 1922), Scottish noblewoman and first wife of Albert I, Prince of Monaco (1848 ~ 1922). They married in 1869 and the marriage was annulled in 1880. It was an arranged marriage. They were the parents of Louis II, Prince of Monaco. She then married Tassilo Festetics von Toina (1850 ~ 1933). They married in 1880. She was of the House of Douglas. She was the daughter of William Hamilton, 11th Duke of Hamilton and Princess Marie Amelie of Baden. She died at age 71.
1843 ~ Robert Koch (né Robert Heinrich Hermann Koch; d. May 27, 1910), German physician, bacteriologist, and recipient of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work with tuberculosis. He is considered the Father of Modern Bacteriology. He died at age 66.
1838 ~ John Labatt (d. Apr. 27, 1915), Canadian businessman and brewer. He was the founder of the Labatt’s Brewing Company. He died at age 76 in London, Ohio.
1830 ~ Kamehameha V, King of Hawaii (d. Dec. 11, 1872). He was King from November 1863 until his death in December 1872. He was born and died in Honolulu, Hawaii. He died on his 42nd birthday.
1803 ~ Hector Berlioz (né Louis-Hector Berlioz; d. Mar. 8, 1869), French composer. He died at age 65.
1781 ~ Sir David Brewster (d. Feb. 10, 1868), Scottish mathematician and physicist. He is best known for his work in physical optics. He died at age 86.
1725 ~ George Mason (d. Oct. 7, 1792), American statesman. He was a delegate to the United States Constitutional Convention in 1787 and is known as being one of 3 men who refused to sign the Constitution. He was born and died in Fairfax County, Virginia, British America. He died at age 66.
1475 ~ Pope Leo X (né Giovanni di Lorenzo de’Medici; d. Dec. 1, 1521). He was Pope from March 1513 until his death 8 years later. He was born in Florence, Italy. He died 10 days before his 46th birthday in Rome, Papal States.
Events that Changed the World:
2021 ~ More than 30 tornados stormed through Kentucky during the night causing massive damage and scores of people were killed.
2020 ~ The United States Food and Drug Administration issued an Emergency Use Authorization for the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine. It was the first Covid-19 vaccine approved by the agency.
2014 ~ The city of Detroit, Michigan came out of bankruptcy. It had filed bankruptcy in July 2013, the largest municipal bankruptcy in United States history.
2008 ~ Bernard Madoff (1938 ~ 2021) was arrested and charged with securities fraud in an elaborate $50 billion Ponzischeme. Madoff would eventually be convicted and sentenced to 150 years in prison.
2001 ~ The People’s Republic of China joined the World Trade Organization.
1994 ~ Russian President Boris Yeltsin (1931 ~ 2007) ordered Russian troops into Chechnya during the First Chechen War.
1980 ~ The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as Superfund, was enacted by the United States Congress.
1972 ~ Apollo 17 was the sixth and final Apollo mission to land on the Moon. Its crew consisted of Commander Eugene Cernan (1934 ~ 2017), Lunar Module Pilot Harrison Schmitt (b. 1935), and Command Module Pilot Ronald Evans (1933 ~ 1990).
1946 ~ The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) was established.
1941 ~ Germany and Italy declared war on the United States, following the United States’ declaration of war against Japan. The United States then declared war on Germany and Italy, thereby formally entering in the fighting during World War II.
1936 ~ Through His Majesty’s Declaration of Abdication Act of 1936, Edward VIII, King of the United Kingdom (1894 ~ 1972) formally relinquished his rights to the British throne. He was given the title of Duke of Windsor. He was succeeded by his brother who became known as George VI, King of the United Kingdom (1895 ~ 1952
1917 ~ During World War I, British General Edmund Allenby (1861 ~ 1936) entered Jerusalem on foot, in respect to the sacredness of the city, and declared martial law in Jerusalem.
1816 ~ Indiana became the 19th State of the Union.
1792 ~ Louis XVI, King of France (1754 ~ 1793) was put on trial for treason by the French National Convention during the French Revolution. He would be found guilty and executed in January 1793.
1789 ~ The University of North Carolina was chartered by the North Carolina General Assembly.
1688 ~ James II, King of England (1663 ~ 1701) abdicated the throne when he was essentially deposed during the Glorious Revolution. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over England, Scotland, and Ireland.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~Anne Rice (née Howard Allen Frances O’Brien; b. Oct. 4, 1941), American novelist of gothic and erotic literature who gave vampires new life. She is best known for her novel Interview With the Vampire. She was born New Orleans, Louisiana. She died at age 80 of complications of a stroke in Rancho Mirage, California.
2012 ~ Ravi Shankar (né Rabindro Shankar Chowdhury, b. Apr. 7, 1920), Indian musician and sitar player. He died at age 92 in San Diego, California.
2004 ~ Sheldon Hoard Kinney (b. Aug. 27, 1918), United States Admiral who sank three U-boats in one night during World War II. He was born in Pasadena, California. He died of cancer at age 86 in Annapolis, Maryland.
1998 ~ André Lichnerowicz (b. Jan. 21, 1915), French mathematician. He died at age 83 in Paris, France.
1989 ~ Louise Dahl-Wolfe (née Louise Emma Augusta Dahl; b. Nov. 19, 1895), American photographer. She is best known for her fashion photography and her work at Harper’s Bazaar magazine. She was born in San Francisco, California. She died 22 days after her 94th birthday in Allendale, New Jersey.
1978 ~ Vincent du Vigneaud (b. May 18, 1901), American chemist and recipient of the 1955 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 77 in White Plains, New York.
1971 ~ Maurice McDonald (né Maurice James McDonald; b. Nov. 26, 1902), American fast-food entrepreneur and co-founder, along with his brother Richard McDonald (1909 ~ 1998), of McDonald’s. He was born in Manchester, New Hampshire. Richard died at age 89 in Bedford, New Hampshire; Maurice died of heart disease 14 days after his 69thbirthday in Palm Springs, California.
1964 ~ Sam Cooke (né Samuel Dale Cook; b. Jan. 22, 1931), African-American singer and musician. He was born in Clarksville, Mississippi. He was murdered under mysterious circumstances about a month before his 34th birthday in Chicago, Illinois.
1964 ~ Alma Mahler (née Alma Margaretha Maria Schindler; b. Aug. 31, 1879), Austrian-born socialite, composer, and artist. She married three famous men, including the composer Gustav Mahler, the architect Walter Gropius, and novelist Franz Werfel. She died at age 85.
1941 ~ Émile Picard (né Charles Émile Picard; b. July 24, 1856), French mathematician. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died at age 85.
1939 ~ Charles Walgreen, Sr. (né Charles Rudolph Walgreen; b. Oct. 9, 1873), American businessman and founder of Walgreens drug stores. He enlisted to fight in the Spanish-American War. While in Cuba in the War, he contracted malaria and Yellow Fever. These diseases ultimately lead to his death. He was born in Dixon, Illinois. He died at age 66 in Chicago, Illinois.
1938 ~ Christian Lous Lange (b. Sept. 17, 1869), Norwegian political scientist and recipient of the 1921 Nobel Peace Prize. He died at age 69 in Oslo, Norway.
1880 ~ Oliver Winchester (né Oliver Fisher Winchester; b. Nov. 30, 1810), American businessman and manufacturer of the Winchester Repeating Arms. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in New Haven, Connecticut. He died 11 days after his 70th birthday.
1872 ~ Kamehameha V, King of Hawaii (b. Dec. 11, 1830). He was King from November 1863 until his death in December 1872. He was born and died in Honolulu, Hawaii. He died on his 42nd birthday.
1854 ~ Mateja Nenadović (b. Feb. 26, 1777), Serbian priest, historian and politician. He is considered the 1st Prime Minister of Serbia. He died at age 77 in Valjevo, Serbia.
1826 ~ Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria (b. Jan. 22, 1797), Queen consort of Portugal and Empress consort of Brazil. She was the first wife of Peter IV, King of Portugal (1798 ~ 1834). They married in 1817. After Peter became the Emperor of Brazil, she became the Empress consort of Brazil. She was of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. She was the daughter of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 29, probably of complications of childbirth.
1756 ~ Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria (b. Oct. 22, 1701), Empress consort of the Holy Roman Emperor. She was the wife of Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor. They married in 1722. She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor and Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 55.
1581 ~ Archduchess Maria of Austria (b. May 15, 1531), Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg and second wife of William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (1515 ~ 1592). They married in 1546. She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Ferdinand, Holy Roman Emperor and Princess Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. She died at age 50.
1474 ~ Henry IV, King of Castile and León (b. Jan. 5, 1425). He ruled from July 1454 until his death 20 years later. He was nicknamed Henry the Impotent. He was a weak king and during his rule the monarchy became weakened, and the noble class gained strength. He was married twice. His first wife was Blanche II, Queen of Navarre (1424 ~ 1464). They married in 1440. The marriage was annulled in 1453 on grounds of his impotence. His second wife was Infanta Joan of Portugal (1439 ~ 1475). They married in 1455. He was of the House of Trastámara. He was the son of John I, King of Castile and Princess Maria of Aragon. He was Roman Catholic. He died about a month before his 50th birthday in Madrid, Spain.
1472 ~ Princess Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy (b. Apr. 10, 1472), member of the British family. She was of the House of York. She was the fifth child and fourth daughter of Edward IV, King of England and Elizabeth Woodville. She died at age 8 months.
1282 ~ Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (b 1223), the last native Prince of Wales was killed during the Battle of Orewin Bridge. The exact date of his birth is not known.
384 ~ Pope Damasus I (b. 305). He served as Pope from October 366 until his death 12 years later. The exact date of his birth is not known.
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