Birthdays:
1969 ~ Gerald Butler (né Gerald James Butler), Scottish actor. He was born in Paisley, Scotland.
1967 ~ Jimmy Kimmel (né James Christian Kimmel), American comedian and talk-show host. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.
1960 ~ Neil Flynn (né Neil Richard Flynn), American actor best known for his role as Mike Heck on the television sit-com, The Middle. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1955~ Whoopie Goldberg (née Caryn Elaine Johnson), African-American actress and comedian. She was born in New York, New York.
1954 ~ Chris Noth (né Christopher David Noth), American actor. He is best known for his role as Detective Mike Logan on Law & Order and as Big on Sex and the City. He was born in Madison, Wisconsin.
1952 ~ Merrick Garland (né Merrick Brian Garland), 86th United States Attorney General. He assumed the Office in March 2021 during the Biden Administration. He had previously served as the Chief Judge of the United States Court of Appeal for the District of Columbia Circuit. In March 2016, President Barack Obama had nominated him to fill a vacancy on the United States Supreme Court, however, the Republican Senate refused to hold confirmation hearings. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1947 ~ Joe Mantegna (né Joseph Anthony Mantegna), American actor. He began his career on stage in 1969 in the musical Hair. He was born in Chicago, Illinois.
1935 ~ Paul Hornung (b. Dec. 23, 1935), American Golden Boy who powered the Green Bay Packers. He played professional football from 1957 to 1966. He was born and died in Louisville, Kentucky. He died at age 84.
1934 ~ Garry Marshall (né Garry Kent Marshall; d. July 19, 2016), American actor and movie director who made feel-good comedies. He was the brother of actress Penny Marshall. He died of pneumonia following a stroke. He was born in The Bronx, New York. He died at age 81 in Burbank, California.
1932 ~ Richard Mulligan (d. Sept. 26, 2000), American actor. He was born in The Bronx, New York. He died at age 67 of colorectal cancer in Los Angeles, California.
1932 ~ Michelle Triola Marvin (née Michelle Triola; d. Oct. 30, 2009), American actress who made the case for “palimony.” She lived with actor Lee Marvin for years and when they split up, she sued for financial support. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She died in Malibu, California of lung cancer 2 weeks before her 77th birthday.
1929 ~ Fred Phelps, Sr. (né Fred Waldron Phelps; d. Mar. 19, 2014), American Baptist preacher who embraced hate. He was the head of the independent Westboro Baptist Church, based in Topeka, Kansas. He was known for his vehemently anti-gay activism. He was born in Meridian, Mississippi. He died at age 84 in Topeka, Kansas.
1927 ~ Albert Turner Bharucha-Reid (né Albert Turner Reid; d. Feb. 26, 1985), African-American mathematician whose work focused on probability theory. He was born in Hampton Beach, Virginia. He died at age 57 in Atlanta, Georgia.
1922 ~ Tom Amberry (né Thomas Amberry; d. Mar. 18, 2017), American podiatrist who became a free throw master. In 1993, at age 71, he began to shoot free throws and continued for 12 hours, making 2,750 baskets in a row. He died at age 94 in Long Beach, California.
1920 ~ K.G. Ramanathan (né Kollagunta Goplaliyer Ramanathan; d. May 10, 1992), Indian mathematician best known for his work in number theory. He was born in Hyderabad, India. He died at age 71 in Mumbai, India.
1893 ~ Edward Adelbert Doisy (d. Oct. 23, 1986), American biochemist and recipient of the 1943 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in the discovery of vitamin K. He was born in Hume, Illinois. He died 3 weeks before his 93rd birthday in St. Louis, Missouri.
1885 ~ Antonio Porchia (d. Nov. 9, 1968), Argentine poet. He was born in Conflenti, Italy. He died 4 days before his 88th birthday in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1878 ~ Max Dehn (né Max Wilhem Dehn; d. June 27, 1952), German-born mathematician. He was born in Hamburg, German Empire. He died at age 73 in Black Mountain, North Carolina.
1866 ~ Abraham Flexner (d. Sept. 21, 1959), American educator and founder of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton University. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He died at age 92 in Falls Church, Virginia.
1856 ~ Louis D. Brandeis (né Louis Dembitz Brandeis; d. Oct. 5, 1941), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Woodrow Wilson. He was the first Jew on the Supreme Court, and because of his religion, he was the first justice subjected to a Congressional confirmation hearing. He served on the Court from June 1916 until February 1939. He replaced Joseph Lamar on the Court. He was succeeded by William Douglas. Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts is named in his honor. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He died at age 84 in Washington, D.C.
1850 ~ Robert Louis Stevenson (né Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson; d. Dec. 3, 1894), Scottish writer best known for such children’s adventure novels as Treasure Island and Kidnapped. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He died 20 days after his 44th birthday in Vailima, Samoa.
1848 ~ Albert I, Prince of Monaco (né Albert Honoré Charles Grimaldi; d. June 26, 1922). He reigned from September 1889 until his death 32 years later. He was married first to Lady Mary Hamilton. After their divorce and annulment, he married Alice Heine. He and his second wife also separated after 12 years of marriage. He was of the House of Grimaldi. He was the son of Charles III, Prince of Monaco and Antoinette de Mérode. He was born and died in Paris, France. He died at age 73.
1838 ~ Joseph F. Smith, Sr. (né Joseph Fielding Smith; d. Nov. 19, 1918), 6th President of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints. He was born in Far West, Missouri. He died 6 days after his 80th birthday in Salt Lake City, Utah.
1814 ~ Joseph Hooker (d. Oct. 31, 1879), American general. He served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was born in Hadley, Massachusetts. He died in Garden City, New York 2 weeks before his 65th birthday.
1760 ~ Jiaqing Emperor (né Aixin-Jueluo Yongyan; d. Sept. 2, 1820), 7th Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. He died at age 59.
1715 ~ Dorothea Erxleben (née Dorothea Christiane Erxleben; d. June 13, 1762), first German female medical doctor. She was born and died in Quedlinburg, Kingdom of Prussia. She died at age 46.
1559 ~ Albert VII, Archduke of Austria (d. July 13, 1621). He was briefly the Archduke of Austria from March to October 1619. He was married to Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain. He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria of Spain. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 61.
1493 ~ William IV, Duke of Bavaria (d. Mar. 7, 1550). He ruled over Bavaria from March 1508 until his death in March 1550. He was married to Jakobaea of Bavaria. He was of the House of Wittelsbach. He was the son of Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria and Kunigunde of Austria. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 56.
1486 ~ Johann Maier von Eck (d. Feb. 13, 1543), German theologian. He died at age 56.
1397 ~ Pope Nicholas V (né Tommaso Parentucelli; d. Mar. 24, 1455). He was Pope from March 1447 until his death on this date 8 years later. He was born in Sarzana, Republic of Genoa. He died in Rome, Italy. He was 57 at the time of his death.
1312 ~ Edward III, King of England (d. June 21, 1377). He reigned from January 1327 until his death in June 1377. He was also known as Edward of Windsor. He was married to Philippa of Hainault. They married in 1328. He was of the House of Plantagenet. He was the son of Edward II, King of England and Isabella of France. He died at age 64.
354 ~ Saint Augustine of Hippo (d. Aug. 28, 430 C.E.), early Christian theologian. He died at age 75.
Events that Changed the World:
2015 ~ Several coordinated attacks by ISIS struck in Paris, killing over 130 people and injured nearly 400 others. At least nine militants, in three coordinated groups attacked. It began when two men blew themselves up outside an international soccer match at the Stade de France. A second team drove around Paris gunning down drinkers and diners at bars and restaurants with automatic weapons. The third attack occurred when a heavily armed team stormed into the 1,500-capacity Bataclan concert hall. ISIS immediately took responsibility. In June 2022, the 20 suspects behind the attacks were found guilty.
2013 ~ Hawaii legalized same sex marriages.
2012 ~ A total solar eclipse occurred in parts of Australia and the South Pacific.
2001 ~ President George W. Bush (b. 1946) signed an executive order that allowed military tribunals against foreigners suspected of having connections to terrorist acts against the United States.
1982 ~ The Vietnam Veterans Memorial was dedicated in Washington, D.C.
1956 ~ The United States Supreme Court affirmed a lower Court’s decision in Browder v. Gayle, which declared the Alabama laws requiring segregated buses to be unconstitutional.
1947 ~ Mikhail Kalashnikov (1919 ~ 2013) completed the design and development of the automatic assault rifle that became known as the AK-47.
1940 ~ The animated Disney film, Fantasia, was first released.
1927 ~ The Holland Tunnel connecting New Jersey to New York City opened to traffic.
1922 ~ The United States Supreme Court upheld mandatory vaccinations for public school students in the case of Zucht v. King. Justice Louis Brandeis (1856 ~ 1941) drafted the unanimous opinion.
1829 ~ Ten Thousand people gathered to watch Sam Patch (1807 ~ 1829) jump into New York’s Genesee River from atop the Genesee Falls. This occurred on Friday the 13th. He did not survive the jump. A week earlier, however, he had jumped off Niagara Falls into the Niagara River and survived.
1160 ~ Louis VII, King of France (1120 ~ 1180) married 20-year-old Adèle of Champagne (1140 ~ 1206). She was his 3rd wife. They were married just 5 weeks after the death of his previous wife, Constance of Castile (d. 1160).
1002 ~ King Æthelred the Unready (966 ~ 1016) ordered all the Danes in England to be killed. This edict was executed on the feast day of St. Brice, a 5th century Bishop of Tours, thus the murder of the Danes became known as the St Brice’s Day massacre.
Good-Byes:
2021 ~ Sam Huff (né Robert Lee Huff; b. Oct. 4, 1934), American fierce linebacker who became an NFL icon. He was born in Edna, West Virginia. He died at age 87 in Winchester, Virginia.
2021 ~ Wilbur Smith (né Wilbur Addison Smith; b. Jan. 9, 1933), South African novelist who wrote best-selling tales of African adventure. He was born in Ndola, Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). He died at age 88 in Cape Town, South Africa.
2018 ~ Katherine MacGregor (née Dorlee Deane McGregor; b. Jan. 12, 1925), American actress who put the spice in Little House on the Prairie, in her role as the scheming Mrs. Oleson. She was born in Glendale, California. She died at age 93 in Los Angeles, California.
2017 ~ Thomas Hudner (né Thomas Jerome Hudner, Jr.; b. Aug. 31, 1924), American Navy hero who reached across a racial divide. During the Battle of Chosin Reservoir in the Korean War, Hudner deliberately crashed his aircraft in an attempt to save the life of his wingman, Ensign Jesse Brown (1926 ~ 1950), who was African-American. Unfortunately, Brown subsequently died from wounds he sustained in the battle. For his efforts, Hudner received the Medal of Honor. He was born in Fall River, Massachusetts. He died at age 93 in Concord, Massachusetts.
2017 ~ Bobby Doerr (né Robert Pershing Doerr; b. Apr. 7, 1918), American baseball Hall of Famer who served as the Boston Red Sox’s “silent captain.” He spent his entire career with the Red Sox from 1937 until 1951. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He died at age 99 in Junction City, Oregon.
2016 ~ Leon Russell (né Claude Russell Bridges; b. Apr. 2, 1942), American singer-songwriter. He was born in Lawton, Oklahoma. He died at age 74 while recovering from heart surgery in Nashville, Tennessee.
2016 ~ Enzo Maiorca (né Vincenzo Maiorca; b. June 21, 1931), Italian record-breaking free diver who swam to new depths. He was born and died in Syracuse, Sicily, Italy. He died at age 85.
2014 ~ Alexander Grothendieck (b. Mar. 28, 1928), German-born French mathematician. He was a leader in algebraic geometry. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1966. He was born in Berlin, Germany. He died at age 86 in Saint-Girons, France.
2012 ~ Jack Gilbert (b. Feb. 18, 1925), American poet who never much cared for fame. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He died at age 87 in Berkeley, California.
1999 ~ John Paul Stapp (b. July 11, 1910), American fighter pilot, medical researcher and surgeon. He was known as the “fastest man on Earth.” The drove a rocket-powered sled at a speed of 632 miles per an hour before stopping. His research led to safer seat belts. He was born in Bahia, Brazil where his parents were missionaries. He died at age 89 in Alamogordo, New Mexico.
1984 ~ William Pereira (né William Leonard Pereira; b. Aug. 25, 1909), American architect. He is best known for the Transamerica Pyramid in San Francisco. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of cancer at age 76 in Los Angeles, California.
1974 ~ Karen Silkwood (née Karen Gay Silkwood; b. Feb. 19, 1946), American political and environmental activist. She was the subject of the 1983 movie, Silkwood. She was born in Longview, Texas. She was killed in a car accident in Crescent, Oklahoma under mysterious circumstances. She was 28 years old
1973 ~ Elsa Schiaparelli (née Elsa Luisa Maria Schiaparelli; b. Sept. 10, 1890), Italian fashion designer. She was born in Rome, Italy. She died at age 83 in Paris, France.
1963 ~ Margaret Murray (née Margaret Alice Murray; b. July 13, 1863), British Egyptologist, archeologist and historian. She was born in Calcutta when India was under British rule. She died at age 100.
1952 ~ Margaret Wise Brown (b. May 23, 1910), American children’s author. She is best known for her picture books, Goodnight Moon and The Runaway Bunny. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. She died at age 42 of an embolism in Nice, France.
1929 ~ Princess Viktoria of Prussia (b. Apr. 12, 1866), member of the German royal family. She married Prince Adolf of Schaumburg-Lippe in 1890. He was killed in World War I. In 1927 at age 61, she caused a major scandal when she married Alexander Zoubkoff, a university student who was 35 years her junior. They separated after a year. She was of the House of Hohenzollern. She was the daughter of Frederick III, German Emperor and Victoria, Princess Royal. She was the granddaughter of Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom. She died of pneumonia at age 63.
1903 ~ Camille Pissarro (né Jacob Abraham Camille Pissarro, b. July 10, 1830), French impressionist painter. He was born in Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas in the Caribbean Islands. His father was of Portuguese-Jewish descent and his mother was of French-Jewish descent. His story is told in the novel The Marriage of Opposites, by Alice Hoffman. He died at age 73 in Paris, France.
1883 ~ J. Marion Sims (né James Marion Sims; b. Jan. 25, 1813), American physician and gynecologist. He is known as the father of modern gynecology. His work, however, is controversial because he performed surgery without the benefit of anesthesia on slave women. He died at age 70.
1868 ~ Gioachino Rossini (né Gioachino Antonio Rossini; b. Feb. 29, 1792), Italian composer, whose works include The Barber of Seville and William Tell. He died at age 76.
1810 ~ Marie Joséphine of Savoy (b. Sept. 2, 1753), Countess of Provence. She was the wife of Prince Louis Stanislas, Count of Provence who later became Louis XVIII, King of France. She died before her husband became king, thus she was never the Queen consort. She was of the House of Savoy. She was the daughter of Victor Amadeus III, King of Sardinia and Duke of Savoy and Infanta Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain. She died of edema at age 57.
1770 ~ George Grenville (b. Oct. 14, 1712), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was Prime Minister from August 1763 through July 1765, during the reign of George III, King of Great Britain. He died a month after his 58th birthday.
1460 ~ Prince Henry the Navigator (b. Mar. 4, 1394), member of the Portuguese royal family. He was a patron of early Portuguese exploration. He never married and had no known children. He was of the House of Aviz. He was the son of John I, King of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster. He was Roman Catholic. He died at age 66.
1359 ~ Ivan II of Russia, Grand Prince of Moscow (b. Mar. 30, 1326). He was known as Ivan the Fair. He succeeded his brother, Simeon I, Grand Prince of Moscow and was succeeded by his son, Dmitri I, Grand Prince of Moscow. He was married first to Fedosia of Bryansk, then to Alexandra Velyaminova. He was of the House of Rurik. He was the son of Ivan I, Grand Prince of Moscow and Helena. He was Eastern Orthodox. He died at age 33.
1345 ~ Constance of Peñafiel (b. 1316), Queen consort of Portugal through her first marriage to Peter I, King of Portugal and Queen consort of Castile through her second marriage to Alfonso XI, King of Castile. She was of the Castilian House of Ivrea. She was the daughter of Juan Manuel, Prince of Villena and Infanta Constance of Aragon. She was Roman Catholic. The date of her birth is not known. She died of complications of childbirth.
1319 ~ Eric VI, King of Denmark (b. 1274). He was King from 1286 until his death. He followed King Eric V Klipping and was succeeded by King Christopher II. He was married to Ingeborg Magnusdotter of Sweden. He was of the House of Estridsen. He was the son of Eric V, King of Denmark and Agnes of Brandenburg. He was Roman Catholic. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he his believed to have been about 44 or 45 at the time of his death.
1093 ~ Malcolm III, King of Scotland (b. Mar. 26, 1031). He ruled Scotland from 1058 until his death in 1093. He was married twice, first to Ingibiorg Finnsdottir, and then to St. Margaret of Scotland. He was of the House of Dunkeld. He was the son of Duncal I, King of the Scots and Suthen. The exact date of his birth is not known, but it is generally considered to be March 26, 1031. He died at age 62.
867 ~ Pope Nicholas I (b. 800). He is also known as St. Nicholas the Great. The exact date of his birth is not known.
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