Birthdays:
1964 ~ Courtney Love (née Courtney Michelle Harrison), American musician. She was married to musician Kurt Cobain. She was born in San Francisco, California.
1957 ~ Kelly McGillis (née Kelly Ann McGillis), American actress. She was born in Newport Beach, California.
1956 ~ Tom Hanks (né Thomas Jeffrey Hanks), American actor. He was born in Concord, California.
1955 ~ Lindsey Graham (né Lindsey Olin Graham), American politician and Republican United States Senator from South Carolina. He was born in Central, South Carolina,
1955 ~ Jimmy Smits, American actor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.
1951 ~ Chris Cooper (né Christopher Walton Cooper), American actor. He was born in Kansas City, Missouri.
1947 ~ O.J. Simpson (né Orenthal James Simpson), American football player. He was acquitted of the 1994 murder his former wife, Nicole Simpson and her friend, Ron Goldman. In 2007, he was arrested and convicted of armed robbery. He was born in San Francisco, California.
1938 ~ Brian Dennehy (né Brian Manion Dennehy; d. Apr. 15, 2020), American actor. He was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut. He died at age 81 of cardiac arrest in New Haven, Connecticut.
1937 ~ Roberto Gervaso (d. June 2, 2020), Italian author. He was born in Rome, Italy. He died in Milan, Italy about a month before his 83rd birthday.
1937 ~ David Hockney, English painter and artist. He was born in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England.
1934 ~ Michael Graves (d. Mar. 12, 2015), American architect who pioneered postmodernism. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana. He died at age 80 in Princeton, New Jersey.
1933 ~ Oliver Sacks (né Oliver Wolf Sacks; d. Aug. 30, 2015), English neurologist and author who explored the human mind. He was born in London, England. He died at age 82 in Manhattan, New York.
1932 ~ Amitzur Shapiro (d. Sept. 6, 1972), Israeli runner and coach. He was born in Tel Aviv, Israel. He was murdered at age 40 at the 1972 Munich Olympics.
1932 ~ Donald Rumsfeld (né Donald Henry Rumsfeld; d. June 29, 2021), 13th and 21st United States Secretary of Defense. He was the hawk who oversaw the United States invasion of Iraq. He served under Presidents Gerald Ford from November 1975 until January 1977 and again from January 2001 until December 2006 during the George W. Bush administration. Thus, he was both the youngest (under Ford) and oldest (under Reagan) Secretary of Defense. He also served as the 6th White House Chief of Staff from September 1974 until November 1975 during the Ford administration. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died in Taos, New Mexico 10 days before his 89th birthday.
1927 ~ Ed Ames (né Edmund Dantes Urick), American actor best known for his portrayal of Mingo on the TV series, Daniel Boone. He was born in Malden, Massachusetts.
1926 ~ Ben Roy Mottelson (d. May 13, 2022), American-Danish physicist and recipient of the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 95.
1918 ~ Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn (d. Feb. 17, 2012), Dutch mathematician. He was born in The Hague, Netherlands. He died at age 93.
1916 ~ Sir Edward Heath (né Edward Richard George Heath; d. July 17, 2005), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He was Prime Minister during the reign of Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom from June 1970 until March 1974. He died 13 days after his 89th birthday.
1911 ~ John A. Wheeler (né John Archibald Wheeler; d. Apr. 13, 2008), American theoretical physicist. He was born in Jacksonville, Florida. He died at age 96 in Hightstown, New Jersey.
1901 ~ Dame Barbara Cartland (née Mary Barbara Hamilton Cartland; d. May 21, 2000), English romance writer. She was the step-grandmother of Diana, Princess of Wales. She died at age 98.
1889 ~ Don Herold (d. June 1, 1966), American humorist, writer, illustrator and cartoonist. He was born in Bloomfield, Indiana and died in Vero Beach, Florida. He died at age 76.
1819 ~ Elias Howe, Jr. (d. Oct. 3, 1867), American inventor who is credited with inventing the sewing machine. He was born in Spencer, Massachusetts. He died at age 48 of gout in New York, New York.
1764 ~ Ann Radcliffe (né Ann Ward; d. Feb. 7, 1823), English novelist. She is considered one of the pioneers of the Gothic novel. She was born and died in London, England. She died at age 58.
1713 ~ John Newbery (d. Dec. 22, 1767), English publisher known as the Father of Children’s Literature. The Newbery Award for children’s literature is named after him. He died at age 54.
1578 ~ Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. Feb. 15, 1637). He reigned from August 1619 until his death in 1637. He was married twice. His first wife was Maria Anna of Bavaria. His second wife was Eleanor Gonzaga. He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria. He died at age 58.
1526 ~ Elizabeth of Austria (d. June 15, 1545), Queen consort of Poland and first wife of Sigismund II Augustus, King of Poland. She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. She died about 3 weeks before her 19th birthday of epileptic seizures.
1511 ~ Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. Oct. 7, 1571), Queen consort of Denmark and Norway. She was the wife of Christian III, King of Denmark and Norway. She was of the House of Ascania. She was the daughter of Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg and Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. She died at age 60.
Events that Changed the World:
2018 ~ Anticipated date of “Day Zero” in Cape Town, South Africa, when the town will have exhausted most of its potable water supply. The day was delayed; however, water shortages continue to be an issue in Cape Town.
2011 ~ South Sudan gained its independence and seceded from The Sudan.
1993 ~ The remains of the Romanov family, the last rulers of Russia, were identified through DNA evidence.
1986 ~ The Parliament of New Zealand passed the Homosexual Law Reform Act legalizing homosexuality in that country.
1982 ~ Pan Am Flight 759 crashed shortly after takeoff in Kenner, Louisiana, killing all 145 people aboard and 8 people on the ground.
1947 ~ The engagement of British’s future Queen Elizabeth (b. 1926) to Lt. Philip Mountbatten (1921 ~ 2021) was announced.
1918 ~ In Nashville, Tennessee, an in-bound local train collided with an outbound express train in what became known as the Great Train Wreck of 1918. Over 100 people were killed and 171 were injured, making this one of the deadliest train accidents in the United States.
1900 ~ During the Boxer Rebellion, the Governor of Shanxi province in North China ordered the execution of 45 foreign Christian missionaries and local church members, including children.
1893 ~ Daniel Hale Williams (1856 ~ 1931), performed the first successful open-heart surgery in the United States. The surgery, which was performed in Chicago, was without the benefit of anesthesia, on a patient who had been stabbed in the heart.
1877 ~ The first Wimbledon tennis tournament was held.
1868 ~ The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified, granting African American men full citizenship.
1863 ~ The Siege of Port Hudson, Louisiana during the American Civil War ended. This gave the Union Army complete control of the Mississippi River.
1850 ~ Millard Fillmore (1800 ~ 1874) became the 13th President of the United States following the death of President Zachary Taylor (1784 ~ 1850).
1816 ~ Argentina declared its independence from Spain.
1815 ~ Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754 ~ 1838) became the first Prime Minister of France.
1776 ~ The Declaration of Independence was read aloud to the members of the Continental Army on orders of George Washington (1732 ~ 1799).
1762 ~ Catherine the Great (1729 ~ 1796) became the Empress of Russia through a coup against her husband, Peter III, Tsar of Russia (1728 ~ 1762).
1540 ~ Henry VIII, King of England (1491 ~ 1547) annulled his marriage to Anne of Cleves (1515 ~ 1557), his fourth wife.
1357 ~ Construction of the Charles Bridge in Prague began under the auspices of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1316 ~ 1378).
869 ~ A massive earthquake and subsequent tsunami struck the northern part of Honshu, Japan.
Good-Byes:
2019 ~ Fernando de la Rúa (b. Sept. 15, 1937), President of Argentina. He served as President from December 1999 until December 2001. He died at age 81.
2019 ~ Rip Torn (né Elmore Rual Torn, Jr.; b. Feb. 6, 1931), American actor. He is best known for his hot temper and his role as Artie, the pit bull producer, on the Larry Sanders Show. He was born in Temple, Texas. He died at age 88 in Lakeville, Connecticut.
2019 ~ H. Ross Perot (né Henry Ross Perot; b. June 27, 1930), American businessman and politician. He was the fiercely independent billionaire who ran for president in the 1992 and 1996 presidential campaigns. He was born in Texarkana, Texas. He died in Dallas, Texas 12 days after his 89th birthday.
2018 ~ Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington (né Peter Alexander Rupert Carington; b. June 6, 1919), English politician and 6th Secretary General of NATO. He served as the NATO General Secretary from June 1984 until July 1988. He was born and died in London, England. He died about a month after his 99th birthday.
2016 ~ Sydney Schanberg (né Sydney Hillel Schanberg; b. Jan. 17, 1934) American journalist who covered Cambodia during the period known as The Killing Fields in the 1970s. He was born in Clinton, Massachusetts. He died at age 82 of a heart attack in Poughkeepsie, New York.
2015 ~ Michael Masser (b. Mar 24, 1941), American ex-stockbroker who wrote hit romantic ballads. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 74 in Rancho Mirage, California.
2014 ~ Eileen Ford (née Eileen Cecile Ottensosor; b. Mar. 25, 1922), American businesswoman and co-founder of Ford Models. She was the modeling agent who created the supermodel. She was born in New York, New York. She died in Morristown, New Jersey at age 92.
2004 ~ Isabel Sanford (née Eloise Gwendolyn Sanford; b. Aug 29, 1917), American actress best known for her role as “Weezy” Jefferson on the sit-com The Jeffersons. She was born in Harlem, New York. She died at age 86 in Los Angeles, California.
1992 ~ Eric Sevareid (né Arnold Eric Sevareid, b. Nov. 26, 1912), American journalist. He was born in Velva, North Dakota. He died of stomache cancer at age 79 in Washington, D.C.
1985 ~ Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. Jan. 23, 1896). She reigned as the Grand Duchess from January 1919 until she abdicated in favor of her son, Jean. She was married to Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma. She was of the House of Nassau-Weilburg. She was the daughter of William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal. She died at age 89.
1984 ~ Edna Ernestine Lassar (née Edna Ernestine Kramer; b. May 11, 1902), American mathematician and author of math books. She was born and died in Manhattan, New York. She died of Parkinson’s disease at age 82.
1979 ~ Cornelia Otis Skinner (b. May 30, 1901), American writer and actress. She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She died in New York, New York at age 80. She is buried in Fall River, Massachusetts.
1977 ~ Alice Paul (née Alice Stokes Paul; b. Jan. 11, 1885), American suffragist and social activist. She was born in Mount Laurel, New Jersey. She died at age 92 in Moorestown, New Jersey.
1974 ~ Earl Warren (b. Mar. 19, 1891), 14th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He served on the Court from October 1953 until June 1969. He replaced Fred Vinson as Chief Justice on the Court. Warren Burger succeeded him as Chief Justice. He had previously headed the investigation into the death of President John F. Kennedy and its subsequent report became known as the Warren Commission. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He died at age 83 in Washington, D.C.
1938 ~ Benjamin Cardozo (né Benjamin Nathan Cardozo; b. May 24, 1870), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Herbert Hoover. He replaced Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., on the Court. He was succeeded by Felix Frankfurter. He served on the Court from March 1932 until his death 6 years later. He was born in New York, New York. He died of a heart attack at age 68 in Port Chester, New York.
1932 ~ King Gillette (né King Camp Gillett; b. Jan. 5, 1855), American inventor credited with creating the safety razor. He was also the founder of the Gillette Company. He was born in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. He died at age 77 in Los Angeles, California.
1923 ~ William R. Day (né William Rufus Day; b. Apr. 17, 1849), Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. He was nominated to the High Court by President Theodore Roosevelt. He replaced George Shiras, Jr., on the Court. He was succeeded by Pierce Butler. He served on the Court from February 1903 until November 1922. He had previously served for 6 months as the 36th United States Secretary of State in the William McKinley administration. He was born in Ravenna, Ohio. He died at Mackinac Island, Michigan at age 74.
1914 ~ Fred A. Busse (b. Mar. 3, 1866), 39th Mayor of Chicago. He served as Mayor from 1907 until 1911. He was born and died in Chicago, Illinois. He died at age 48 of heart disease.
1880 ~ Paul Broca (né Pierre Paul Broca; b. June 28, 1824), French physician. He is best known for his research on the frontal lobe that now bears his name ~ the Broca area of the brain. He died in Paris, France of a brain aneurysm 11 days after his 56th birthday.
1856 ~ Amedeo Avogadro (né Amedeo Carlo Avogadro; b. Aug. 9, 1776), Italian chemist. He is best known for his contribution to molecular theory, now known as Avogadro’s law. He was born and died in Turin, Italy. He died a month before his 80th birthday.
1852 ~ Thomas McKennan (né Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan; b. Mar. 31, 1794), 2nd United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under President Millard Fillmore, but only for 11 days from August 15 until August 26, 1850, because he found the job too stressful. He was born in New Castle, Delaware. He died at age 58 in Reading, Pennsylvania.
1850 ~ Zachary Taylor (b. Nov. 24, 1784), 12th President of the United States. He was born in Barboursville, Virginia. He died suddenly after eating raw fruit and iced milk after only 16 months following his inauguration. He was 65 years old at the time of his death in Washington, D.C.
1828 ~ Gilbert Stuart (né Gilbert Charles Stewart, b. Dec. 3, 1755), American painter, best known for his portrayal of George Washington. He was born in Saunderstown, Rhode Island Colony. He died in Boston, Massachusetts at age 72.
1797 ~ Edmund Burke (b. Jan. 12, 1729), Irish philosopher and statesman. He was born in Dublin, Ireland. He died at age 68 in Beaconsfield, England.
1774 ~ Anna Manzolini (Anna Morandi; b. Jan. 21, 1714), Italian anatomist. She was a lecturer of anatomy at the University of Bologna. Her husband was a professor of anatomy. After he died, she took over his position at the university. She was born and died in Bologna, Italy. She died at age 60.
1746 ~ Philip V, King of Spain (b. Dec 19, 1746). He reigned as King from November 1700 until January 1724, and then again from September 1724 until his death 22 years later. He is known for instituting many important reforms in Spain. He was married twice, first to Maria Luisa of Savoy, and then, after her death, to Elizabeth Farnese. He was of the House of Bourbon. He was the son of Louis, Grand Dauphin of France and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria. He died at age 62.
1737 ~ Gian Gastone de’Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. May 24, 1671). He ruled over Tuscany from October 1723 until his death in July 1737. He was married to Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg. He was of the House of Medici. He was the son of Cosimo III de’Medici and Marguerite Louise d’Orléans. He died at age 66.
1706 ~ Pierre Le Moyne d’Iberville (b. July 16, 1661), French-Canadian explorer and founder of the colony of Louisiana. His brother, Jean-Baptiste le Moyne de Bienville, founded New Orleans. He died of yellow fever a week before his 45thbirthday in Havana, Spanish Cuba.
1441 ~ Jan van Eyck, Dutch painter. The date of his birth is unknown.
1386 ~ Leopold III, Duke of Austria (b. Nov. 1, 1351). He was known as Leopold the Just. He ruled over Inner Austria from 1365 until 1386. He was the head of the Leopoldian line. He was married to Viridis Visconti. He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Albert II, Duke of Austria and Joanna of Pfirt. He was killed in the Battle of Sempach at age 34.
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