Birthdays:
1981 ~ Karen Russell, American novelist and short-story writer. She was the recipient of the 2012 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the 2013 MacArthur Foundation Genius Grant. She was born in Miami, Florida.
1958 ~ Donna Britt (d. Jan. 21, 2021), American journalist and news anchor in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. She died at age 62 of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.
1951 ~ Phyllis Smith, American actress, best known for her role as Phyllis on television’s The Office. She had been a casting associate when she was offered this role. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri.
1949 ~ Naomi Ragen, American-Israeli novelist. She was born in New York, New York.
1947 ~ Arlo Guthrie (né Arlo Davy Guthrie), American musician. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.
1943 ~ Arthur Ashe (né Arthur Robert Ashe, Jr.; d. Feb. 6, 1993), American tennis player. He was born in Richmond, Virginia. He died at age 49 in New York, New York.
1941 ~ Jake Eberts (né John David Eberts; d. Sept. 6, 2012), Canadian film producer who aimed high for Oscar glory. He produced such films as Chariots of Fire, Gandhi, Driving Miss Daisy and Dances with Wolves. He was born and died in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He died of melanoma at age 71.
1934 ~ Barry Sussman (d. June 1, 2022), American editor who steered the Watergate story. He was the city news editor of the Washington Post when the Watergate scandal broke. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died at age 87 in Rockville, Maryland.
1931 ~ Alice Munro (née Alice Ann Laidlaw), Canadian author. She was the recipient of the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature. She was born in Wingham, Ontario, Canada.
1928 ~ Moshe Greenberg (d. May 15, 2010), American-Israeli scholar and rabbi. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 81 in Jerusalem, Israel.
1927 ~ Grigory Barenblatt (d. June 22, 2018), Russian mathematician. He died 13 days before his 91st birthday.
1927 ~ David Dinkins (né David Norman Dinkins; d. Nov. 23, 2020), 106th Mayor of New York City. He was the courtly politician who was New York City’s first Black mayor. He served as Mayor from January 1990 through December 1999. He was born in Trenton, New Jersey. He died in New York, New York at age 93.
1926 ~ Fred Gwynne (né Frederick Hubbard Gwynne. d. July 2, 1993), American actor. He is best known for his role in The Munsters. He was born in New York, New York. He died 8 days before his 67th birthday of pancreatic cancer in Taneytown, Maryland.
1922 ~ Jean Kerr (née Bridget Jean Collins; d. Jan. 5, 2003), American author. She is best known for her book, Please Don’t Eat the Daisies. She was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. She died at age 80 in White Plains, New York.
1922 ~ Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin (d. Mar. 8, 2013), German aristocrat who plotted to kill Hitler. He was involved in a suicide plot to kill Hitler. The plot failed and he was sent to a concentration camp for the duration of the war. He died at age 90 in Munich, Germany.
1922 ~ Jake LaMotta (né Giacobbe LaMotte; d. Sept. 19, 2017), American boxer. He was known as The Raging Bull. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died at age 95 in Aventura, Florida.
1921 ~ Harvey Ball (né Harvey Ross Ball; d. Apr. 12, 2001), American illustrator who created the Smiley Face. He was born and died in Worcester, Massachusetts. He died at of liver failure at age 79.
1921 ~ Eunice Kennedy Shriver (née Eunice Mary Kennedy; d. Aug. 11, 2009), American founder of the Special Olympics, sister of President John F. Kennedy and mother of Maria Shriver. She was born in Brookline, Massachusetts. She died of a stroke a month after her 88th birthday in Hyannis, Massachusetts.
1920 ~ David Brinkley (né David McClure Brinkley; d. June 11, 2003), American television journalist and reporter. He co-anchored the Huntley-Brinkley Report with Chet Huntley from 1956 thorough 1970. He was born in Wilmington, North Carolina. He died in Houston, Texas a month before his 83rd birthday.
1920 ~ Owen Chamberlain (d. Feb. 28, 2006), American physicist and recipient of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in San Francisco, California. He died at age 85 in Berkeley, California.
1916 ~ Thomas C. Griffin (né Thomas Carson Griffin; d. Feb. 26, 2013), American World War II navigator who helped steer the Doolittle Raid. He died at age 96.
1914 ~ Joe Shuster (né Joseph Shuster; d. July 30, 1992), Canadian-born illustrator who, along with Jerry Siegel, created the comic strip, Superman. He was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. He died 3 weeks after his 78th birthday in Los Angeles, California.
1902 ~ Kurt Alder (d. June 20, 1958), German chemist and recipient of the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died under mysterious circumstances 20 days before his 56th birthday.
1891 ~ Edith Quimby (née Edith Smaw Hinckley; d. Oct. 11, 1982), American medical researcher and physicist. She is best known as being a founder of nuclear medicine. She was born in Rockford, Illinois. She died at age 91 in New York, New York.
1882 ~ Ima Hogg (d. Aug. 19, 1975), American society woman and patron of the arts. She was known as the First Lady of Texas. Her home in Houston, Texas is now a part of the Museum of Fine Arts and is known as Bayou Bend. She was born in Mineola, Texas. She died at age 93 in London, England.
1875 ~ Mary McLeod Bethune (née Mary Jane McLeod; d. May 18, 1955), African-American educator and civil rights activist. She was born in Mayesville, South Carolina. She died at age 79 in Daytona Beach, Florida.
1871 ~ Marcel Proust (né Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Proust; d. Nov. 18, 1922), French writer. He died at age 51 in Paris, France.
1856 ~ Nikola Tesla (d. Jan. 7, 1943), Serbian-American physicist and inventor. He is born in what is now considered modern Croatia, but at the time of his birth was under the Austrian empire. He died of coronary thrombosis at age 86 in New York, New York.
1839 ~ Adolphus Busch (d. Oct. 10, 1913), German brewer and co-founder of the Anheuser-Busch company. He died at age 74.
1834 ~ James Abbott McNeill Whistler (d. July 17, 1903), American painter, best known for his painting officially entitled Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, but more commonly known as Whistler’s Mother. He was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. He died in London 7 days after his 69th birthday.
1830 ~ Camille Pissarro (né Jacob Abraham Camille Pissarro; d. Nov. 13, 1903), French impressionist painter. He was born in Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas in the Caribbean Islands. His father was of Portuguese-Jewish descent and his mother was of French-Jewish descent. His story is told in the novel The Marriage of Opposites, by Alice Hoffman. He died at age 73 in Paris, France.
1792 ~ George M. Dallas (né George Mifflin Dallas, d. Dec. 31, 1864), 11th Vice President of the United States. He served under President James Polk from March 1845 until March 1849. He was born and died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died at age 72.
1724 ~ Eva Ekeblad (née Eva De la Gardie; d. May 15, 1786), Swedish noblewoman and agronomist. She is best known for discovering a method to make alcohol and flour from potatoes. She was the first woman member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. She was born in Stockholm, Sweden. She died at age 61.
1723 ~ Sir William Blackstone (d. Feb. 14, 1780), English politician and lawyer. He was born in London, England. He died at age 56.
1682 ~ Roger Cotes (d. June 5, 1716), English mathematician. He died of violent fever at age 33.
1509 ~ John Calvin (né Jehan Cauvin; d. May 27, 1564), French theologian. He was an influential religious leader during the Protestant Reformation. He died at age 54 in Geneva, Republic of Geneva.
1452 ~ James III, King of Scotland (d. June 11, 1488). He was king from August 1460 until his death in 1488. He was married to Margaret of Denmark. He was of the House of Stewart. He was the son of James II, King of Scotland and Mary of Geulders. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but it is believed to have been July 10. He is believed to have been killed in battle at about a month before his 37th birthday.
1269 ~ Duan Zong (d. May 8, 1278), 17th Chinese emperor of the Song Dynasty. He was emperor from June 1276 until his death 2 years later. He died at age 8 years old.
Events that Changed the World:
2019 ~ The Volkswagen Beetle, which had been manufactured in Mexico, ceased production.
2012 ~ The Episcopal Church in the United States allowed same-sex marriages.
2005 ~ Hurricane Dennis hit the Florida Panhandle.
1992 ~ Manuel Noriega (1943 ~ 2017), the former President of Panama, was sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations in the Miami, Florida. His sentence was later commuted to 17 years. He was extradited to Panama in 2011. In 2017, he was released from prison and placed under house arrest.
1991 ~ Boris Yeltsin (1931 ~ 2007) took the oath of office as the first elected president of the Russian republic.
1985 ~ The Greenpeace vessel, The Rainbow Warrior, was bombed and sunk in Auckland harbor, New Zeeland, by French intelligence agents. Freelance photographer Fernando Perriera (1950 ~ 1985) was killed in the bombing.
1973 ~ Sixteen-year old John Paul Getty, III (1956 ~ 2011), grandson of J. Paul Getty (1892 ~ 1976), the oil magnate, was kidnapped in Rome, Italy. His grandfather refused to pay the ransom money, until after the kidnappers cut off his ear and sent it to the family. He was eventually released in December 1973. This event was depicted in the 2017 movie, All the Money in the World.
1962 ~ Telstar, the world’s first communications satellite, was launched into orbit.
1951 ~ Armistice negotiations to end the Korean War began at Kaesong.
1941 ~ The Jews of Jadwabne, Poland were massacred in the Jadwabne Pogrom.
1940 ~ The Vichy government was established in France during World War II.
1925 ~ The Scopes Trial, formally known as The State of Tennessee v. John Scopes, and more informally known as the Scopes Monkey Trial, began, in which high school teacher, John Scopes (1900 ~ 1970), was accused of teaching evolution in the public schools. He would ultimately be found guilty and fined $100.
1913 ~ The highest recorded temperature in the United States was reached in Death Valley, California, when the thermometer reached 134 Fo.
1890 ~ Wyoming became the 44th State of the Union.
1850 ~ Millard Fillmore (1800 ~ 1874) was inaugurated as the 13th President of the United States following the death of President Zachary Taylor (1784 ~ 1805) the previous day, who was only 16 months into his term.
1821 ~ The United States took possession of Florida territory from Spain.
1553 ~ Lady Jane Grey (1536 ~ 1554) took the throne of England; however, she was Queen for only nine days.
1212 ~ London, England was nearly totally destroyed by a severe fire.
Good-Byes:
2020 ~ Michael M. Richter (b. June 21, 1938), German mathematician and computer scientist. He was born in Berlin, Germany. He died 19 days after his 82nd birthday.
2018 ~ John A. Stormer (b. Feb. 9, 1928), American right-wing author who warned of a communist conspiracy. He was born in Altoona, Pennsylvania. He died at age 90 in Troy, Missouri.
2015 ~ Roger Rees (b. May 5, 1944), Welsh actor best known for his role as Robin Colcord on Cheers. He was born in Aberystyth, Wales. He died of brain cancer at age 71 in New York, New York.
2015 ~ Omar Sharif (né Michel Dimitri Chalhoub, b. Apr. 10, 1932), Egyptian actor and playboy who excelled in exotic roles. He was best known for his role as Dr. Zhivago in the movie of the same name and for his role in Lawrence of Arabia. He was born in Alexandria, Kingdom of Egypt. He died of a heart attack at age 83 in Cairo, Egypt.
2015 ~ Jon Vickers (né Jonathan Steward Vickers; b. Oct 29, 1926), Canadian musician and opera singer. He was born in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada. He died in Ontario, Canada at age 88.
2011 ~ Travis Bean (né Clifford Travis Bean; b. Aug. 21, 1947), American guitar maker who made metal sing. He died at age 63.
1989 ~ Mel Blanc (né Melvin Jerome Blank; b. May 30, 1908), American voice actor known for creating the voices of many cartoon characters, including Bugs Bunny, Porky Pig and Sylvester the cat. He was born in San Francisco, California. He died of heart disease and emphysema at age 81 in Los Angeles, California.
1979 ~ Arthur Fiedler (b. Dec. 17, 1894), American conductor who led the Boston Pops for many years. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and died in Brookline, Massachusetts. He died at age 84.
1978 ~ John D. Rockefeller, III (né John Davidson Rockefeller, III; b. Mar. 21, 1906), American businessman and philanthropist. He was the grandson of John D. Rockefeller, the founder of Standard Oil. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 72 in Mount Pleasant, New York.
1962 ~ Yehuda Leib Maimon (né Yehuda Leib Fishman, b. Dec. 11, 1875), Israeli rabbi and politician. He was a leader of the Religious Zionist Movement. He died at age 86.
1957 ~ Sholem Asch (né Szalom Asz; b. Nov. 1, 1880), Polish-born American Yiddish writer. He was born in Kutno, Poland. He died at age 76 in London, England.
1941 ~ Jelly Roll Morton (né Ferdinand Joseph LaMothe; b. Oct. 20, 1885), Louisiana ragtime and Jazz pianist and composer. He got his start in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was born in New Orleans, although the date and month of his birth is actually known, he always claimed October 20 at the date of his birth. He died at age 50 in Los Angeles after having been stabbed and the whites-only hospital refused to treat his injuries. Although he recovered from his wounds, his recovery was not complete, and he ultimately died of respiratory problems that stemmed from the stabbing. His musical style was risqué, but his music lives on.
1889 ~ Julia Tyler (née Julia Gardiner; b. May 4, 1820), First Lady of the United States and second wife of President John Tyler. She served as First Lady for less than a year because John Tyler died in office. She was born in Gardiners Island, New York. She died at age 69 in Richmond, Virginia.
1863 ~ Clement Clarke Moore (b. July 15, 1779), American author and educator. He is best known for his book that became known as The Night Before Christmas. He was born in New York, New York. He died 5 days before his 84thbirthday in Newport, Rhode Island.
1858 ~ Auguste de Montferrand (b. Jan. 23, 1786), French-born Russian architect. He designed St. Isaac’s Cathedral and Alexander Column in St. Petersburg, Russia. He was born in Paris, France. He died at age 72 in St. Petersburg, Russia.
1851 ~ Louis-Jacques Daguerre (né Louis-Jacques Mandé Daguerre; b. Nov. 18, 1787), French physicist inventor of the daguerreotype, the forerunner of photography. He died at age 63.
1805 ~ Thomas Wedgwood (b. May 14, 1771), British early pioneer as a photographer. He was a son of Josiah Wedgwood. He died at age 34.
1631 ~ Constance of Austria (b. Dec 24, 1588), Queen consort of Poland and second wife of Sigismund III Vasa, King of Poland. She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria. She died at age 42.
1590 ~ Charles II, Archduke of Austria (b. June 3, 1540). He was the Archduke of Inner Austria from July 1564 until his death in 1590. He was married to Maria Anna of Bavaria. He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. He died at age 50.
1584 ~ William I, Prince of Orange (b. Apr. 24, 1533). He was also known as William the Silent. He was instrumental in the creation of the country of the Netherlands. He was married several times. His first wife was Anna of Egmond. After her death, he married Anna of Saxony. They divorced after 10 years of marriage. His third wife was Charlotte of Bourbon. After her death, he married Louise de Coligny. He was of the House of Orange. He was the son of William, Count of Nassau and Juliana of Stolberg-Werningerode. He was assassinated at age 51.
1559 ~ Henry II, King of France (b. Mar. 31, 1519). He was king from March 1547 until his death 12 years later. He was married to Catherine de’Medici. He was of the House of Valois-Angoulême. He was the son of Francis I, King of France and Claude, Duchess of Brittany. He died at age 40 from an injury sustained to his eye during a jousting match.
1480 ~ René of Anjou, King of Naples (b. Jan. 16, 1409). He reigned as King of Naples from February 1435 until he was deposed on June 2, 1442. He was married twice. His first wife was Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine. After her death, he married Jeanne de Laval. He was of the House of Valois-Anjou. He was the son of Louis II, King of Naples and Yolande of Aragon. He died at age 71.
1460 ~ Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, 6th Earl of Stafford (b. December 1402), English commander in the Hundred Years’ War and the War of the Roses. He died at age 57.
1290 ~ Ladislaus IV, King of Hungary (b. Aug. 5, 1262). He ruled from 1272 until his death in 1290. He was married to Elizabeth of Sicily. He was of the House of Árpád. He was the son of Stephen V, King of Hungary and Elizabeth the Cuman. He was assassinated at 26 days before his 28th birthday.
1103 ~ Eric I, King of Denmark (b. 1060). He was also known as Eric the Good. He was married to Boedil Thurgotsdatter. He was of the House of Estridsen. He was the son of Sweyn II, King of Denmark and an unnamed mother. He was the half-brother of Canute IV, King of Denmark, with whom he shared a birthday. The exact date of his birth is unknown. He is believed to have been about 42 or 43 at the time of his death.
1099 ~ El Cid (né Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar; b. 1043), Castilian nobleman and military leader. The exact dates of his birth and death are not known.
1086 ~ Canute IV, King of Denmark (b. 1043). He ruled Denmark from 1080 until his death 6 years later. After his death, he became known as Canute the Holy. He was married to Adela of Flanders. He was of the House of Estridsen. He was the son of Sweyn II, King of Denmark and an unnamed mother. He was the half-brother of Eric I, King of Denmark, with whom he shared a birthday. The exact date of his birth is not known. He was killed by rebellious peasants.
983 ~ Pope Benedict VII. He was Pope from October 974 until his death 9 years later. The date of his birth is not known.
649 ~ Tai Zong (b. Jan. 28, 598), 2nd Chinese Emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He ruled from September 626 until his death in July 649. He died at age 51.
138 ~ Hadrian (Jan. 24, b. 76), the date ascribed to the death of the Roman Emperor. He was buried in Rome next to his wife, Vibia Sabina (83 ~ 137). He died at age 62.
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