Birthdays:
1975 ~ A-Rod Rodriguez (né Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez), American baseball player. He was born in New York, New York.
1972 ~ Maya Rudolf (née Maya Khabira Rudolph), American actress. She was a member of the ensemble on Saturday Night Live. She was born in Gainesville, Florida.
1961 ~ Ed Orgeron (né Edward James Orgeron, Jr.), American football coach. In 2016, he became the head football coach at the Louisiana State University. He remained in that position until 2021. He was born in Larose, Louisiana.
1957 ~ Bill Engvall (né William Ray Engvall, Jr.), American comedian and actor. He was born in Galveston, Texas.
1952 ~ Marvin Barnes (né Marvin Jerome Barnes; d. Sept. 8, 2014), African-American basketball star who struggled off-court. He was born and died in Providence, Rhode Island. He died at age 62.
1949 ~ Maury Chaykin (né Maury Alan Chaykin; d. July 27, 2010), Canadian character actor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died on his 61st birthday from complications of a heart valve infection in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
1948 ~ Peggy Fleming (né Peggy Gail Fleming), American figure skater. She was born in San Jose, California.
1947 ~ Kathleen Norris, American poet and essayist. She was born in Washington, D.C.
1947 ~ Betty Thomas (née Betty Lucille Nienhauser), American actress best known for her role as Lucy Bates on the television drama Hill Street Blues. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri.
1942 ~ John Pleshette, American actor. He is best known for his role as Richard Avery on the television drama, Knots Landing. He was born in New York, New York.
1938 ~ Gary Gygax (né Ernest Gary Gygax; d. Mar. 4, 2008), American “nerd” who invented Dungeons and Dragons. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of an abdominal aneurysm at age 69 in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin.
1937 ~ Don Galloway (né Donald Poe Galloway; d. Jan. 8, 2009), American actor. He is best known for his role as Detective Sergeant Ed Brown on the television drama Ironsides. He was born in Augusta, Kentucky. He died of a stroke at age 71 in Reno, Nevada.
1937 ~ Andre Blay (d. Aug. 24, 2018), American businessman and VHS innovator who brought movies home. He was born in Mount Clemens, Michigan. He died at age 81 in Bonita Springs, Florida.
1933 ~ Nick Reynolds (né Nicholas Wells Reynolds; d. Oct. 1, 2008), American folk musician and master of harmony who founded the Kingston Trio. He was a bongo player. He was born and died in San Diego, California. He died of acute respiratory disease at age 75.
1931 ~ Jerry Van Dyke (né Jerry McCord Van Dyke; d. Jan. 5, 2018), American actor and younger brother of Dick Van Dyke. He is best known for his role as Tag in the television sit-com, The Middle. He was born in Danville, Illinois. He died of congestive heart failure at age 86 in Malvern, Arkansas.
1929 ~ Jack Higgins (né Henry Patterson; d. Apr. 9, 2022), English novelist and military veteran who specialized in espionage and mystery. After the success of his novel, The Eagle Has Landed, he churned out many best-sellers. He was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. He died at age 92 in Jersey, Channel Islands.
1927 ~ Guy Carawan (né Guy Hughes Carawan, Jr.; d. May 2, 2015), American folksinger who popularized We Shall Overcome. He was born in Los Angeles, California. He died at age 87 in New Market, Tennessee.
1924 ~ Vincent Canby (d. Oct. 15, 2000), American journalist and critic. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of cancer at age 76 in Manhattan, New York.
1922 ~ Norman Lear (né Norman Milton Lear), American television writer and producer. He was born in New Haven, Connecticut.
1916 ~ Elizabeth Hardwick (d. Dec. 2, 2007), American literary critic and novelist. She was born in Lexington, Kentucky. She died at age 91 in Manhattan, New York.
1907 ~ Irene Fischer (née Irene Kaminka; d. Oct. 22, 2009), Austrian-American mathematician. She and her family fled Nazi Austria in 1939. She was born in Vienna, Austria. She died in Boston, Massachusetts at age 102.
1905 ~ Leo Durocher (né Leo Ernest Durocher; d. Oct. 7, 1991), American professional baseball player and manager. He was born in West Springfield, Massachusetts. He died at age 86 in Palm Springs, California.
1904 ~ Lyudmila Rudenko (d. Mar. 4, 1986), Russian chess master. She was the first woman to be awarded the International Master title. She died at age 81.
1882 ~ Sir Geoffrey de Havilland (d. May 21, 1965), English aviation pioneer, aircraft designer and engineer. He died at age 82 of a cerebral hemorrhage.
1881 ~ Hans Fischer (d. Mar. 31, 1945), German chemist and recipient of the 1930 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He died by suicide at age 63.
1835 ~ Giosuè Carducci (né Giosuè Alessandro Guiseppe Carducci; d. Feb. 16, 1907), Italian poet and recipient of the 1906 Nobel Prize in Literature. He died at age 71 in Bologna, Italy.
1824 ~ Alexandre Dumas, the Younger (d. Nov. 27, 1895), French author. He was the illegitimate son of the more well-known author Alexandre Dumas, the Elder. He is best known for Camille. He was born in Paris, France. He died at age 71 in Yvelines, France.
1801 ~ Sir George Biddell Airy (d. Jan. 2, 1892), English mathematician and astronomer. He was born in Alnwick, England. He died at age 90 in Greenwich, England.
1768 ~ Charlotte Corday (née Marie-Anne Charlotte de Corday d’Armont; d. July 17, 1768), assassin of Jean-Paul Marat. She was executed by guillotine in Paris, France 4 days after killing Marat and 10 days before her 25th birthday.
1733 ~ Jeremiah Dixon (d. Jan. 22, 1779), English surveyor. He is best known for his work with Charles Mason (1728 ~ 1786) in determining what was later called the Mason-Dixon Line, after both surveyors. Dixon was born and died in Cocksfield, County Durham, England. He died at age 45.
1452 ~ Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (d. May 27, 1508). He ruled Milan from October 1494 until September 1499. He is best known for commissioning di Vinci’s The Last Supper. He was married to Beatrice d’Este. He was of the House of Sforza. He was the son of Francesco I Sforza, Duke of Milan and Bianca Maria Visconti. He died at age 55.
Events that Changed the World:
2012 ~ The 2012 Summer Olympics opened in London, England. The games ran through August 12, 2012.
1996 ~ A pipe bomb exploded at Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, Georgia during the 1996 Summer Olympics. One woman was killed and 111 people were injured.
1995 ~ The Korean War Veterans Memorial was dedicated in Washington, D.C.
1981 ~ Six-year old Adam Walsh (1974 ~ 1981) was kidnapped in Hollywood, Florida. His body was found two weeks later. His father, John Walsh (b. 1945), became an advocate for victims of violent crime and went on to host a television show entitled America’s Most Wanted.
1974 ~ The United States House Judiciary Committee recommended that President Richard Nixon (1913 ~ 1994) be impeached and removed from Office. The President was charged with three articles of impeachment for obstruction of justice.
1955 ~ El Al Flight 402 was shot down by 2 fighter jets after straying into Bulgarian air space. All 58 passengers and crew members were killed in the incident.
1953 ~ The Korean War ended with the signing of a truce. The President of South Korea refused to sign the armistice but agreed to observe it. The United States, China and North Korea were signatories of the armistice agreement.
1929 ~ The Geneva Convention of 1929, which deals with the treatment of prisoners of war, was signed by 53 countries.
1921 ~ Frederick Banting (1891 ~ 1941) and his team of researchers at the University of Toronto proved that insulin regulates blood sugar.
1890 ~ The artist Vincent van Gogh (1853 ~ 1890) shot himself. He would die two days later, on July 29 at age 37.
1866 ~ The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable was successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland to Heart’s Content, Newfoundland.
1865 ~ Welsh settlers began arriving in Chubut, Argentina.
1794 ~ Maximilien Robespierre (1758 ~ 1794) was arrested following for encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 “enemies of the French Revolution.” He was executed the following day, on July 28.
1789 ~ The first United States federal government agency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, was established. It was later renamed the Department of State.
1694 ~ The Bank of England was granted a Royal Charter.
Good-Byes:
2019 ~ John Robert Schrieffer (b. May 31, 1931), American physicist and recipient of the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics. He was born in Oak Park, Illinois. He died at age 88 in Tallahassee, Florida.
2017 ~ Sam Shepard (né Samuel Shepard Rogers, III; b. Nov. 5, 1943), American playwright who became a reluctant star. He was born in Fort Sheridan, Illinois. He died of complications from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at age 73 in Midway, Kentucky.
2017 ~ Marty Sklar (né Martin A. Sklar; b. Feb. 6, 1934), American Disney imaginer who dreamed up theme parks. He was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey. He died at age 83 in Los Angeles, California.
2015 ~ Samuel Pisar (b. Mar. 18, 1929), Polish lawyer and author. He was also a Holocaust survivor. He was born in Białystok, Poland. He died of pneumonia at age 86 in New York, New York.
2013 ~ Bud Day (né George Everette Day; b. Feb. 24, 1925), American war hero who was imprisoned in Vietnam for five years. He was a Colonel in the United States Air Force and served in World War II, Korea and Vietnam. He was born in Sioux City, Iowa. He died in Fort Walton Beach, Florida at age 88.
2013 ~ Lindy Boggs (née Marie Corinne Morrison Claiborne; b. Mar. 13, 1916), American politician and first woman from Louisiana to be elected to Congress. She served as a member of the House of Representatives who legislated with charm. She was also the mother of journalist Cokie Roberts. She was born in New Roads, Louisiana. She died at age 97 in Chevy Chase, Maryland.
2011 ~ John Stott (né John Robert Walmsley Stott; b. Apr. 27, 1921), British Anglican priest and Christian who evangelized the world. He was born in London, England. He died at age 90.
2010 ~ Maury Chaykin (né Maury Alan Chaykin; b. July 27, 1949), Canadian character actor. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died on his 61st birthday from complications of a heart valve infection in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
2003 ~ Bob Hope (né Leslie Townes Hope; b. May 29, 1903), English-American comedian and actor. He was born in London, England. He died at age 100 in Los Angeles, California.
1999 ~ Aleksandr Danilovich Aleksandrov (b. Aug. 4, 1912), Russian mathematician. He died a week before his 87thbirthday in St. Petersburg, Russia.
1993 ~ Reggie Lewis (b. Nov. 21, 1965), American basketball player. He played for the Boston Celtics from 1987 until his death in 1993. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. While practicing off-season at Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts, he went into cardiac arrest and died. He was 27 years old.
1988 ~ Frank Zamboni (né Frank Joseph Zamboni, Jr.; b. Jan. 16, 1901), American inventor of the ice re-surfacer that smooths the ice for hockey and skating rinks. The ice re-surfacer that clears the ice on skating rinks was named after him. He was born in Eureka, Utah. He died at age 87 in Paramount, California.
1985 ~ Michel Audiard (né Paul Michel Audiard; b. May 15, 1920), French film director. He was born in Paris, France. He died at age 65 in Dourdan, France.
1981 ~ Elizabeth Rona (née Erzsébet Róna; b. Mar. 20, 1890), Hungarian-born nuclear chemist. She is best known for her work with radioactive isotopes. She was a nuclear chemist at the Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies. She was born in Budapest, Hungary. She emigrated to the United States in 1941 to escape the Nazi regime. She died at age 91 in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
1980 ~ Mohammed Reza Pahlavi (b. Oct. 26, 1919), the last Shah of Iran. He was overthrow by the Iranian Revolution in 1979 and sent into exile. He died of cancer in Cairo, Egypt at age 60.
1963 ~ Garrett Morgan (b. Mar. 4, 1877), African-American inventor. He is credited with inventing the gas mask, known at the time as a respiratory protective hood. He was born in Claysville, Kentucky. He died at age 86 in Cleveland, Ohio.
1960 ~ Julie Vinter Hansen (née Julie Marie Vinter Hansen; b. July 20, 1890), Danish astronomer. She was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. She died of heart failure 7 days after her 70th birthday.
1958 ~ Claire Chennault (né Claire Lee Chennault; b. Sept. 6, 1893), American military aviator. The Chennault International Airport in Lake Charles, Louisiana, the former Chennault Air Force Base, is named in his honor. He was born in Commerce, Texas. He died of lung cancer in New Orleans, Louisiana at age 64.
1951 ~ Grace Andrews (b. May 30, 1869), American mathematician. She was one of only 2 women listed in the first edition of American Men of Science in 1906. She was born in Brooklyn, New York. She died at age 82.
1946 ~ Gertrude Stein (b. Feb. 3, 1874), American writer and art collector. She was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania. She died following surgery for stomach cancer at age 72 in France.
1931 ~ Jacques Herbrand (b. Feb. 12, 1908), French mathematician. He was born in Paris, France. He died from a fall while mountain climbing in the French Alps. He was 23 years old.
1917 ~ Emil Theodor Kocher (b. Aug. 25, 1841), Swiss physician. He was the recipient of the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the thyroid gland. He was born in Bern, Switzerland. He died a month before his 76th birthday.
1883 ~ Montgomery Blair (b. May 10, 1813), 20th Postmaster General of the United States. He served in that office from March 1861 until September 1864 during the Lincoln administration. He was born in Franklin County, Kentucky. He died at age 70 in Silver Spring, Maryland.
1864 ~ John Putnam Chapin (b. Apr. 21, 1810), 10th Mayor of Chicago. He was in office from 1846 to 1847. He was born in Bradford, Vermont. He died at age 54 in Chicago, Illinois.
1844 ~ John Dalton (b. Sept. 6, 1776), English physicist and chemist. He is best known for his pioneering work in the development of modern atomic theory. He died at age 77.
1841 ~ Mikhail Lermontov (b. Oct. 15, 1814), Russian writer and poet. He was born in Moscow, Russian Empire. He was killed in a duel at age 26.
1759 ~ Pierre Louis Maupertuis (né Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertius; b. July 17, 1759), French mathematician. He died 10 days before his 61st birthday in Basel, Switzerland.
1510 ~ Giovanni Sforza (b. July 5, 1466), Italian lord and ruler. He was the first husband of Lucrezia Borgia, but their marriage was annulled due to his impotence. He was born and died in Pesaro, Italy. He died 22 days after his 44thbirthday.
1382 ~ Joanna I, Queen of Naples (b. Dec. 1325). She ruled Naples from Manuary 1343 until May 1382. She married several times. Her first husband was Andrew of Hungary. After his death, she married Louis, Prince of Taranto. Her third husband was James IV, King of Majorca. Her last husband was Otto, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen. She was of the House of Anjou-Naples. She was the daughter of Charles, Duke of Calabria and Marie of Valois. The exact date of her birth is not known. She died at age 56.
1365 ~ Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria (b. Nov. 1, 1339). He ruled Austria from 1358 until his death in 1365. He was known as Rudolf the Founder. He was married to Catherine of Luxembourg. He was of the House of Habsburg. He was the son of Albert II, Duke of Austria and Joanna of Pfirt. He died suddenly at age 25.
1276 ~ King James I of Aragon (b. Feb. 2, 1208). He was known as James the Conqueror. He was King of Aragon from September 1213 until his death in 1276. He was married three times. His first wife was Eleanor of Castile. He later had this marriage annulled. His second wife was Violant of Hungary. Following her death, he married Teresa Gil de Vidaure, who had previously been his mistress. He left her when he alleged she had developed leprosy. He was of the House of Barcelona. He was the son of Peter II, King of Aragon and Maria of Montpellier. He died at age 68.
1101 ~ Conrad II, King of Italy (b. Feb. 12, 1074). He ruled Italy from 1093 t0 1098. He was of the Salian dynasty. He was the son of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Bertha of Savoy. He died unexpectedly of a fever at age 27.
1061 ~ Pope Nicholas II. He was Pope from January 1059 until his death on this date 2 years later. The date of his birth is unknown.
959 ~ Chai Rong (b. Oct. 27, 921), 2nd Chinese Emperor of the Later Zhou during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He ruled from February 954 until his death 4 years later. He died of an illness at age 37.
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