Birthdays:
1976 ~ Matthew Shepard (né Matthew Wayne Shepard; d. Oct. 12, 1998), American murder victim. He was tied to a fence and was brutally beaten because he was gay. He was 21 years old at the time of his murder. He was born in Casper, Wyoming. He was murdered in Fort Collins, Colorado. On October 26, 2018, his remains were interred at the National Cathedral in Washington, D.C.
1970 ~ Sarah Silverman (née Sarah Kate Silverman), American comedian and actress. She was born in Bedford, New Hampshire.
1958 ~ Candace Bushnell, American novelist, and television producer. She is best known for her book Sex and the City, which was adapted into a television show. She was born in Glastonbury, Connecticut.
1958 ~ Charlene L. Tilton, American actress. She is best known for her role as Lucy Ewing on the television drama Dallas. She was born in San Diego, California.
1956 ~ Julee Cruise (née Julee Ann Cruise; d. June 9, 2022), American musician and crooner who set the mood for Twin Peaks. She is best known for her 1989 single, Falling, which was used as the theme song for the television drama, Twin Peaks. She was born in Creston, Iowa. She died by suicide at age 65 in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.
1951 ~ Treat Williams (né Richard Treat Williams; d. June 12, 2023), American actor. He was born in Stamford, Connecticut. He died of injuries sustained in a motorcycle in Dorset, Vermont at age 71.
1950 ~ Keith Thibodeaux, American musician and actor. He is best known for playing Little Ricky on the television sit-com I Love Lucy. He was born in Lafayette, Louisiana.
1949 ~ Pablo Escobar (né Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria; d. Dec. 2, 1993), Columbian drug lord. He was killed in a shootout one day after his 44th birthday.
1949 ~ Sabastián Piñera (né Miguel Juan Sebastián Piñera Echenique), President of Chile from March 2010 to March 2014. He was reelected as President a few years later and assumed the Office of President in March 2018. He was born in Santiago, Chile.
1945 ~ Bette Midler, American singer. She was born in Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii.
1940 ~ Richard Pryor (né Richard Franklin Lennox Thomas Prior; d. Dec. 10, 2005), American actor and comedian. He was born in Peoria, Illinois. He died of a heart attack 9 days after his 65th birthday in Los Angeles, California.
1939 ~ Lee Trevino (né Lee Buck Trevino), American professional golfer. He was born in Garland, Texas.
1933 ~ Lou Rawls (né Louis Allen Rawls, d. Jan. 6, 2006), African-American singer. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He died of cancer in Los Angeles, California about a month after his 72nd birthday.
1931 ~ Juanita Abernathy (née Juanita Odessa Jones; d. Sept. 12, 2019), American civil rights activist who helped plan the Montgomery bus boycott. She was the wife of civil rights activist Ralph Abernathy. She was born in Uniontown, Alabama. She died at age 87 in Atlanta, Georgia.
1929 ~ Billy Waugh (né William Dawson Waugh; d. Apr. 4, 2023), American special-ops legend who tracked bin Laden. He was known as the Godfather of the Green Berets. He was the CIA paramilitary operations officer who served more than 50 years between the Army’s Green Berets and the CIA’s Special Activities Division. He was born in Bastrop, Texas. He died at age 93 in Tampa, Florida.
1925 ~ Martin Rodbell (d. Dec. 7, 1998), American biochemist and endocrinologist. He was the recipient of the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He died of organ failure 6 days after his 73rd birthday in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
1923 ~ Stansfield Turner (d. Jan. 18, 2018), 12th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. He served in that capacity during the Carter Administration from March 1977 until January 1981. He was born in Highland Park, Illinois. He died at age 94 in Redmond, Washington.
1921 ~ Vernon McGarity (d. May 21, 2013), American World War II hero who won the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Battle of the Bulge. He was born in Hardin County, Tennessee. He died at age 91 in Bartlett, Tennessee.
1913 ~ Mary Martin (née Mary Virginia Martin; d. Nov. 3, 1990), American actress best known for her role as Peter Panin the play by the same name. She was the mother of actor Larry Hagman (1931 ~ 2012). She was born in Weatherford, Texas. She died a month before her 77th birthday in Rancho Mirage, California.
1912 ~ Minoru Yamasaki (d. Feb. 6, 1986), American architect. He designed the World Trade Center. He was born in Seattle, Washington. He died of stomach cancer at age 73 in Detroit, Michigan.
1901 ~ Ilona Fehér (d. Jan. 1, 1988), Hungarian-Jewish violinist. She was born in Budapest, Hungary. She died a month after her 87th birthday in Holon, Israel.
1886 ~ Rex Stout (né Rex Todhunter Stout; d. Oct. 27, 1975), American detective-story writer. He created fictional detective Nero Wolf. He was born in Noblesville, Indiana. He died in Danbury, Connecticut at age 88.
1847 ~ Julia A. Moore (née Julia Ann Davis; d. June 5, 1920), American poet. She is known for writing especially bad poetry. She died at age 72.
1844 ~ Princess Alexandra of Denmark (d. Nov. 20, 1925), Queen consort of the United Kingdom and wife of Edward VII, King of the United Kingdom (1841 ~ 1910). They married in 1863. They had several children, including George V, King of England. She was of the House of Glücksburg. She was the daughter of Christian IX, King of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel. She died 11 days before her 81st birthday.
1805 ~ 9th Dalai Lama (né Lungtok Gyatso; d. Mar. 6, 1815). He died at age 9.
1792 ~ Nikolai Lobachevsky (d. Feb. 24, 1856), Russian mathematician. He is best known for his work on hyperbolic geometry. He died at age 63.
1761 ~ Marie Tussaud (née Anna Marie Grosholtz; d. Apr. 16, 1850), French-born artist best known for her wax sculptures of famous people. She was the founder of the Madame Tussauds Wax Museum in London, England. She was born in Strasbourg, France. She died at age 88 in London, England.
1443 ~ Princess Magdalena of Valois (d. Jan. 21, 1495), member of the French royal family. She married Gaston of Foix, Prince of Viana (1445 ~ 1470). She was of the House of Valois. She was the daughter of Charles VII, King of France and Marie of Anjou. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 51.
1438 ~ Peter II, Duke of Bourbon (d. Oct. 10, 1503). He was the husband of Princess Anne of France (1461 ~ 1522) and son-in-law of Louis XI, King of France. They married in 1473. He was of the House of Bourbon. He was the son of Charles I, Duke of Bourbon and Agnes of Burgundy. He died at age 64.
1083 ~ Anna Komnen (d. 1153), Byzantine Princess, physician, and scholar. She is best known for writing a detailed history of her father, Alexios I Komnenos, and his reign of the Byzantine Empire. This was the first major Western history written by a woman. She was of the House of Komnenos. She was the daughter of Alexios I Komnenos, Emperor of Byzantine and Irene Doukaina. The exact date of her death is not known, but she is believed to have been about 70 at the time of her death.
1081 ~ Louis VI, King of the Franks (d. Aug. 1, 1137). He was known as Louis the Fat. He reigned as King of France from July 1108 until his death 29 years later. He was married twice. In 1104, he married his first wife, Lucienne of Rochefort. This marriage was annulled in 1107. In 1115, he married his second wife, Adélaide of Maurienne (1092 ~ 1154). He was of the House of Capet. He was the son of Philip I, King of the Franks and Bertha of Holland. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been born in late 1081, thus he would have been about age 55 at the time of his death.
Events that Changed the World:
2021 ~ The first confirmed case of the Omicron variant of the Covid-19 virus was confirmed in the United States.
2019 ~ The first known case of Covid-19 was identified in Wuhan, China.
2001 ~ Trans World Airlines (TWA) ended its operations after 76 years. The company was purchased by American Airlines.
1988 ~ The World Health Organization declared the first World AIDS day.
1981 ~ The AIDS virus was officially recognized.
1974 ~ TWA Flight 514 crashed near Dulles International Airport, killing all 92 passengers aboard. On the same day, Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231 crashed near John F. Kennedy International Airport. This was a charter flight and at the time of the crash there were only three crew members aboard. All were killed.
1969 ~ The United States instituted the first draft lottery since World War II in an effort to recruit soldiers for the Vietnam War.
1959 ~ Twelve countries: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States, signed a treaty setting aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve.
1955 ~ Rosa Parks (1913 ~ 2005) refused to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, and was arrested for violating the city’s racial segregation laws. This incident led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
1952 ~ The New York Daily News reported that Christine Jorgensen (né George William Jorgensen, Jr.; 1926 ~ 1989), had successful sexual reassignment surgery, followed by hormone therapy.
1919 ~ Lady Nancy Witcher Langhorne Astor (1879 ~ 1964) became the first woman Member of Parliament in the House of Commons. She was an American-born socialite whose second marriage to Waldorf Astor led her into politics.
1918 ~ The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was proclaimed. It later became known as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
1918 ~ The Kingdom of Iceland became a sovereign state while remaining a part of Denmark.
1913 ~ The Ford Motor Company first introduced the assembly line for manufacturing.
1913 ~ The Buenos Aires Subway began operating. It was the first underground subway system in the Southern hemisphere.
1885 ~ Dr. Pepper was first sold at a drug store in Waco, Texas.
1878 ~ The telephone was installed in the White House during the Rutherford B. Hayes (1882 ~ 1893) administration.
1865 ~ Shaw University, the first historically black university in the southern United States, was founded in Raleigh, North Carolina. The university is affiliated with the General Baptist Convention of North Carolina.
1862 ~ In his State of the Union Address, President Abraham Lincoln (1809 ~ 1865) reaffirmed the necessity of ending slavery.
1824 ~ In the United States presidential election, no candidate received a majority of the electoral college votes. The United States House of Representatives, therefore, was tasked with determining the President in accordance with the 12thAmendment to the United States Constitution. The four potential candidates were: John Quincy Adams (1767 ~ 1848), Andrew Jackson (1767 ~ 1845), William Crawford (1772 ~ 1834), and Henry Clay (1777 ~ 1852). John Quincy Adams was ultimately determined to become President.
Good-Byes:
2022 ~ Dorothy Pitman Hughes (née Dorothy Jean Ridley; b. Oct. 2, 1938), African-American feminist who fought for child care. She was the co-founder of the Women’s Action Alliance. She was born in Lumpkin, Georgia. She died at age 84 in Tampa, Florida.
2022 ~ Gaylord Perry (né Gaylord Jackson Perry; b. Sept. 15, 1938), American professional baseball player. He was the Cy Young-winning pitcher who flaunted his spitballs. He was born in Williamston, North Carolina. He died at age 84 in Gaffney, South Carolina.
2013 ~ Martin Sharp (né Martin Ritchie Sharp; b. Jan. 21, 1942), Australian graphic artist who set a psychedelic tone for the 1960s. He died of emphysema at age 71.
2008 ~ Paul Benedict (b. Sept. 17, 1938), American actor. He is best known for his role as Mr. Bentley on The Jeffersons. He was born in Silver City, New Mexico. He died of a brain hemorrhage at age 70 in Martha’s Vineyard, Massachusetts.
2006 ~ Robert N. Anthony (né Robert Newton Anthony; b. Sept. 6, 1916); American organizational theorist and professor of management control. He was born in Orange, Massachusetts and died in Hanover, New Hampshire at age 90.
2004 ~ Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands (b. June 29, 1911), Prince consort of the Netherlands. He was married to Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands. They married in 1937. He was of the House of Lippe. He was the son of Prince Bernhard of Lippe and Baroness Armgard von Cramm. He died at age 93.
1997 ~ Endicott Peabody (b. Feb. 15, 1920), 62nd Governor of Massachusetts. He served as Governor from January 1963 until January 1965. He was born in Lawrence, Massachusetts. He died of leukemia in Hollis, New Hampshire at age 77.
1991 ~ George Stigler (né George Joseph Stigler; b. Jan. 17, 1911), American economist and recipient of the 1982 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He was born in Seattle, Washington. He died at age 80 in Chicago, Illinois.
1989 ~ Alvin Ailey (b. Jan. 5, 1931), African-American dancer and choreographer. He was the founder of the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater. He was born and died in Rogers, Texas. He died at age 58 in Manhattan, New York.
1987 ~ James Baldwin (né James Arthur Baldwin; b. Aug. 2, 1924), African-American writer and political activist. He is best known for his first novel, To Tell It on the Mountain. He was born in Harlem, New York. He died of stomach cancer at age 63 in Saint-Paul-de-Vence, France.
1978 ~ Leo Aikman (né James Leo Aikman; b. Dec. 22, 1908), American journalist and historian. He died following heart surgery just 21 days before his 70th birthday.
1975 ~ Edith Grace White (b. May 16, 1890), American ichthyologist who specialized in the study of sharks and rays. She was born in Boston, Massachusetts. She died at age 85 in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania.
1973 ~ David Ben-Gurion (né David Grün; b. Oct. 16, 1886), 1st and 3rd Prime Minister of Israel. He first served from May 1948 until January 1954. His second term ran from November 1955 through June 1963. He died at age 87 in Ramat Gan, Israel.
1947 ~ G.H. Hardy (né Godfrey Harold Hardy; b. Feb. 7, 1877), English mathematician best known for his achievements in number theory and mathematical analysis. He died at age 70 in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England.
1866 ~ Sir George Everest (b. July 4, 1790), Welsh surveyor and geographer. He served as the Surveyor General of India from 1830 through 1843. Mount Everest in the Himalayan Mountains was named in his honor. He died at age 76 in London, England.
1825 ~ Alexander I, Tsar of Russia (b. Dec. 23, 1777). He was Tsar from March 1801 until his death 24 years later. He was married to Princess Louise of Baden, who, upon their marriage, became known as Elizabeth Alexeievna. He was of the House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov. He was the son of Paul I, Tsar of Russia and Maria Feodorovna (née Duchess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg). He died of typhus 22 days before his 48th birthday.
1797 ~ Oliver Wolcott, Sr. (b. Nov. 20, 1726), American politician and 19th Governor of Connecticut. He was born in Windsor, Connecticut. He died 11 days after his 71st birthday in Litchfield, Connecticut.
1750 ~ Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr (b. Sept. 27, 1671), German mathematician. The crater Dopplemayr on the moon is named in his honor. He was born in Nuremburg, Germany. He died at age 79.
1729 ~ Giacomo F. Maraldi (né Giacomo Filippo Maraldi, b. Aug. 21, 1665), Italian mathematician. He died at age 64.
1633 ~ Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (b. Aug. 12, 1566), member of the Spanish royal family. She married Albert VII, Archduke of Austria (1559 ~ 1621) in 1599. After her husband died, she became a nun. She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Philip II, King of Spain and Princess Elisabeth of Valois. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 67.
1530 ~ Archduchess Margaret of Austria (b. Jan. 10, 1480), Duchess consort of Savoy through her marriage to her second husband Philibert II, Duke of Savoy. She had previously been married to John, Prince of Asturias. She was of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Mary, Duchess of Burgundy. She was Roman Catholic. She died at age 50.
1521 ~ Pope Leo X (né Giovanni di Lorenzo de’Medici, b. Dec. 11, 1475). He was Pope from March 1513 until his death 8 years later. He was born in Florence, Italy. He died 10 days before his 46th birthday in Rome, Papal States.
1483 ~ Charlotte of Savoy (b. Nov. 11, 1441), Queen consort of France and second wife of Louis XI, King of France (1423 ~ 1483). They married in 1451. They were the parents of Charles VIII, King of France. She was of the House of Savoy. She was the daughter of Louis, Duke of Savoy and Princess Anne of Cyprus. She was Roman Catholic. The exact date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been born on November 11. She died of dysentery 20 days after her 42nd birthday.
1463 ~ Mary of Guelders (b. 1430s), Queen consort of Scotland and wife of James II, King of Scotland (1430 ~ 1460). They married in 1449. They were the parents of James III, King of Scotland. She was of the House of Egmond. She was the daughter of Arnold, Duke of Gelderland and Catherine of Cleves. The date of her birth is not known. She is believed to have been about 28 or 29 at the time of her death.
1455 ~ Lorenzo Ghiberti (né Lorenzo di Bartolo; b. 1378), Italian sculptor. He is best known for being the creator of the bronze doors of the Baptistery of the Cathedral in Florence. He was born and died in Florence, Republic of Florence. The date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 76 or 77 at the time of his death.
1406 ~ Joanna, Duchess of Brabant (b. June 24, 1322). She was the ruling Duchess of Brabant from 1355 until her death in 1406. She was married twice. Her first husband was William II, Count of Hainaut (1307 ~ 1345). They married in 1334. After his death, she married Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg (1337 ~ 1383). She was of the House of Reginar. She was the daughter of John III, Duke of Brabant and Marie d’Évreux. She died at age 84.
1241 ~ Princess Isabella of England (b. 1214), Holy Roman Empress consort and Queen consort of Sicily. She was the second wife of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. She was of the House of Plantagenet. She was the daughter of John, King of England and Isabella, Countess of Angoulême. The date of her birth is not known, but she is believed to have been about 26 or 27 when she died in childbirth.
1135 ~ Henry I, King of England (b. 1068). He ruled as the King of England from August 1100 until his death 25 years later. He was known as Henry Beauclerc. He was married to Princess Matilda of Scotland. They married in 1100. After her death, he married Adeliza of Louvain. He was of the House of Normandy. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders. The exact date of his birth is not known, but he is believed to have been about 66 or 67 at the time of his death.
217 ~ Yehudah HaNasi (b. 135). He was the chief rabbi of the Jewish community during the Roman occupation of Judea. He was the editor and redactor of the Mishnah.
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