Birthdays:
1981 ~ Justin Timberlake (né Justin Randall Timberlake), American singer and actor. He was born in Memphis, Tennessee.
1970 ~ Minnie Driver (née Amelia Fiona Driver), English actress. She was born in London, England.
1954 ~ Mark Slavin (d. Sept. 6, 1972), Russian-born Israeli wrestler. He was murdered by Palestinian terrorists during the 1972 Olympics in Munich. He was born in Minsk, Belarus. He died at age 18.
1949 ~ Norris Church Mailer (née Betty Jean Davis; d. Nov. 21, 2010), American model and widow of Norman Mailer. She was his 6th wife. She was born on Norman Mailer’s 26th birthday. She was born in Atkins, Arkansas. She died of cancer at age 61 in New York, New York.
1947 ~ Nolan Ryan (né Lynn Nolan Ryan, Jr.), American baseball pitcher. He was born in Refugio, Texas.
1943 ~ Richard Quick (né Richard Walter Quick; d. June 10, 2009), American head swim coach at Stanford University. He coached the United States swim team in six Olympic competitions. He was born in Akron, Ohio. He died of a brain tumor at age 66 in Austin, Texas.
1941 ~ Jessica Walter (d. Mar. 24, 2021), American actress. She is best known for her role as Lucille Bluth on Arrested Development. She was born and died in New York, New York. She died at age 80.
1938 ~ Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (née Beatrix Wilhelima Armgard). She was Queen from April 1980 until she abdicated in April 2013 in favor of her son, Willem-Alexander. She is of the House of Orange-Nassau. She is the daughter of Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands and Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld. She was born at Soestdijk Palace, Baarn, Netherlands.
1937 ~ Suzanne Pleshette (d. Jan. 19, 2008), American actress. She is best known for her role as Emily Hartley on The Bob Newhart Show. She was born in Brooklyn Heights, New York. She died of respiratory failure just 12 days before her 71st birthday in Los Angeles, California.
1937 ~ Philip Glass (né Philip Morris Glass), American avant garde composer. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland.
1935 ~ Kenzaburō Ōe, Japanese writer and recipient of the 1994 Nobel Prize in Literature. He was born in Ōse, Ehime, Japan.
1934 ~ Eva Kor (née Eva Mozes; d. July 4, 2019), Romanian survivor of Nazi twin experiments who forgave her torturers. She and her twin sister, Miriam (Jan. 31, 1934 ~ 1933), were the only members of her family to survive the Holocaust. Miriam died in 1993 of kidney failure that could be traced to the Nazi experimentation. Eva died at age 85.
1933 ~ Ruedi Rymann (né Rudolf Rymann; d. Sept. 10, 2008), Swiss yodeler who was a national icon. He died at age 75.
1933 ~ Nora Johnson (d. Oct. 5, 2017), American author who chronicled a Hollywood childhood. She is best known for her novel, The World of Henry Orient. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She died at age 84 in Dallas, Texas.
1932 ~ Rick Hall (né Roe Erister Hall; d. Jan. 2, 2018), American record producer who crafted the Muscle Shoals sound. He was born in Forest Grove, Mississippi. He died of prostate cancer 29 days before his 86th birthday in Muscle Shoals, Alabama.
1931 ~ Ernie Banks (né Ernest Banks; d. Jan. 23, 2015), African-American baseball player. He was the optimistic shortstop who played for the Chicago Cubs and was known as “Mr. Cub.” He was born in Dallas, Texas. He died 8 days before his 84th birthday in Chicago, Illinois.
1929 ~ Jean Simmons (née Jean Merilyn Simmons; d. Jan. 22, 2010), English actress who brought quiet strength to her roles. She was born in London, England. She died 9 days before her 81st birthday in Santa Monica, California.
1929 ~ Rudolf Mössbauer (né Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer; d. Sept. 14, 2011), German physicist and recipient of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics. He died at age 82.
1928 ~ Irma Wyman (d. Nov. 17, 2015), American computer engineer. She was the first woman to become vice president at Honeywell, Inc. She was born in Detroit, Michigan. She died at age 87.
1925 ~ Benjamin Hooks (né Benjamin Lawson Hooks; d. Apr. 15, 2010), African-American minister, civil rights activist and attorney. He was born and died in Memphis, Tennessee. He died at age 85.
1924 ~ A. Alfred Taubman (né Adolph Alfred Taubman; d. Apr. 17, 2015), the American developer who pioneered indoor malls. In 2002, he was convicted of a price-fixing scheming He was born in Pontiac, Michigan. He died at age 91 in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.
1923 ~ Norman Mailer (né Norman Kingsley Mailer; d. Nov. 10, 2007), American author and journalist. He was born in Long Branch, New Jersey. He died at age 84 in Manhattan, New York.
1921 ~ Carol Channing (née Carol Elaine Channing; d. Jan. 15, 2019), American Broadway star who was the definition of Dolly. She was best known for her role as Dolly Levi in the musical Hello, Dolly!, which opened on Broadway on January 16, 1964, almost exactly 45 years before her death. She was born in Seattle, Washington. She died 16 days before her 98th birthday in Rancho Mirage, California.
1920 ~ Stu Udall (né Stewart Lee Udall; d. Mar. 20, 2010), 37th United States Secretary of the Interior. He served under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson from January 1961 until January 1969. He had also served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Arizona. He was born in St. Johns, Arizona. He died at age 90 in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
1919 ~ Jackie Robinson (né Jack Roosevelt Robinson; d. Oct. 24, 1972), American baseball player. He was the first African-American to play in the Major League. He was the subject of the 2013 movie 42, which was the number on his baseball uniform. He was born in Cairo, Georgia. He died of a heart attack at age 53 in Stamford, Connecticut.
1915 ~ Thomas Merton (d. Dec. 10, 1968), American author and Trappist monk. He was born in Prades, France. He died at age 53 in Thailand.
1915 ~ Garry Moore (né Thomas Garrison Morfit, III; d. Nov. 28, 1993), American game show host. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He died of throat cancer at age 78 in Hilton Head, South Carolina.
1905 ~ John O’Hara (né John Henry O’Hara; d. Apr. 11, 1970), American author and screenwriter. He was born in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. He died of cardiovascular disease at age 65 in Princeton, New Jersey.
1902 ~ Tallulah Bankhead (née Tallulah Brockman Bankhead; d. Dec. 12, 1968), American actress. She was born in Huntsville, Alabama. She died at age 66 of pneumonia in New York, New York.
1902 ~ Alva Myrdal (née Alva Reimer; d. Feb. 1, 1986), Swedish sociologist and politician and recipient of the 1982 Nobel Peace Prize for her work in the disarmament movement. She died 1 day after her 84th birthday.
1896 ~ Sofya Yanovskaya (d. Oct. 24, 1966), Russian mathematician. She specialized in the history of mathematics. She died from complications of diabetes ate age 70.
1893 ~ Dame Freya Stark (née Freya Madeline Stark; d. May 9, 1993), British-Italian explorer and travel writer. She wrote numerous books on the Middle East and Afghanistan. She was one of the first non-Arabs to travel throughout the southern Arabian Desert. She was born in Paris, France. She died in Asolo, Italy at age 100.
1892 ~ Eddie Cantor (né Isidore Iskowitz; d. Oct. 10, 1964), American actor and singer. He was born in New York, New York. He died at age 72 in Beverly Hills, California.
1881 ~ Irving Langmuir (d. Aug. 16, 1957), American chemist and recipient of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in surface chemistry. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He died in Woods Hole, Massachusetts at age 76.
1872 ~ Zane Grey (né Pearl Zane Grey; d. Oct. 23, 1939), American dentist and author of western novels. He is best known for his novel Riders of the Purple Sage. He was born Zanesville, Ohio. He died at age 67 in Altadena, California.
1868 ~ Theodore William Richards (d. Apr. 2, 1928), American chemist and recipient of the 1914 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in determining the atomic weights of a number of chemical elements. He was the first American to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He was born in Germantown, Pennsylvania. He died at age 60 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
1854 ~ David Emmanuel (d. Feb. 4, 1941), Romanian mathematician. He was born and died in Bucharest, Kingdom of Romania. He died 4 days after his 87th birthday.
1830 ~ James G. Blaine (né James Gillespie Blaine, d. Jan. 27, 1893) 28th and 31st United States Secretary of State. He first served in this office from March 1881 to December 1881 during the Presidencies of James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur. He served his second term during the Presidency of Benjamin Harrison from March 1889 to June 1892. He had also served as the Speaker of the United States House of Representative. He served as a United States Senator from the State of Maine. He was born in West Brownsville, Pennsylvania. He died 4 days before his 63rd birthday in Washington, D.C.
1820 ~ William B. Washburn (né William Barrett Washburn; d. Oct. 5, 1887), 28th Governor of Massachusetts. He was Governor from January 1872 until April 1874, when he became a United States Senator following the death of Charles Sumner. He was born in Winchendon, Massachusetts. He died at age 67 in Springfield, Massachusetts.
1797 ~ Franz Schubert (né Franz Peter Schubert; d. Nov. 19, 1828), Austrian composer. He died at age 31, possibly of typhoid fever.
1512 ~ Henry, King of Portugal (d. Jan. 31, 1580). He was king from August 1578 until his death on this date in 1580. He was also a Cardinal in the Catholic Church. He was known as Henry the Chaste. He never married and had no children. He was of the House of Avis. He was the son of Manuel I, King of Portugal and Maria of Aragon. He was the last member of the House of Aviz to rule Portugal. He died on his 68th birthday.
Events that Changed the World:
2021 ~ President Donald Trump (b. 1946) was impeached for the second time. Trump was charged with incitement of insurrection. Ten Republicans joined House Democrats in voting to impeach Trump for a second time. He would be acquitted by the United States Senate on February 13, 2021 by the Senate.
2020 ~ The United Kingdom’s membership in the European Union ceased after being a member for 47 years.
2018 ~ Both a blue moon and a total lunar eclipse occurred.
2001 ~ A Scottish court convicted Abdelbaset al-Megrahi (1952 ~ 2012) of Libya for his part in the bombing of the Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988. He was sentenced to life in prison, however, was released in August 2009 on “compassionate” grounds, alleging that he was dying of cancer. He survived for another 2 and a half years before succumbing in May 2012.
1990 ~ The first McDonald’s restaurant in the Soviet Union opened in Moscow.
1988 ~ Doug Williams (b. 1955), the first African-American quarterback to play in a Super Bowl, scored four of the five touchdowns of the Washington Redskins (now known as the Washington Football Team), to lead his team’s win over the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XXII. The final score was 42-10.
1958 ~ James Van Allen (1914 ~ 2006) discovered the radiation belt that now bears his name.
1953 ~ A North Sea flood occurred killing over 1,800 people in the Netherlands and over 300 people in the United Kingdom.
1950 ~ President Harry Truman (1884 ~ 1972) announced a program to develop the hydrogen bomb.
1949 ~ The first daytime television soap opera, These Are My Children, began broadcasting by the NBC station in Chicago. The show ran for only a few weeks, ending on March 4, 1949.
1945 ~ Eddie Slovik (1820 ~ 1945), a private in the United States Army, was executed for desertion. He was the first American to be executed since the Civil War. He was 24 years old.
1942 ~ Allied forces were defeated by the Japanese at the Battle of Malaya and retreated to Singapore during World War II.
1930 ~ The 3M company began marketing Scotch Tape.
1928 ~ Leon Trotsky (1879 ~ 1940) was exiled by the Soviet Union to Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan.
1919 ~ The Battle of George Square, a violent confrontation between the police and striking Glasgow workers occurred in George Square. The riot was caused by anger at the 47-hour working week. Despite the violent confrontation, there were no fatalities as a result of the riots.
1915 ~ Germany began using wide-scale use of poison gas during the Battle of Bolimów against Russia during World War I.
1865 ~ The United States Congress passed the 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery. The Amendment was then sent to the States for ratification.
1747 ~ The first venereal disease clinic opened at London Lock Hospital.
314 ~ Pope Silvester I (d. 335) began his reign as Pope. He succeeded Pope Miltiades (d. 314).
Good-Byes:
2020 ~ Mary Higgins Clark (née Mary Theresa Eleanor Higgins; b. Dec. 24, 1927), American suspense writer who pumped out best sellers. She began writing after her husband died in 1964 and she had to support her young family. She was born in the Bronx, New York. She died about a month after her 92nd birthday in Naples, Florida.
2019 ~ Harold Bradley (né Harold Ray Bradley; b. Jan. 2, 1926), American prolific guitarist who shaped the Nashville sound. He was one of the most recorded guitarists in music history. He was born and died in Nashville, Tennessee. He died 29 days after his 93rd birthday.
2018 ~ Oscar Gamble (né Oscar Charles Gamble; d. Dec. 20, 1949), American professional baseball outfielder who had a big bat and big hair. He was born in Ramer, Alabama. He died of cancer jus over a month before his 69th birthday in Birmingham, Alabama.
2015 ~ Lizabeth Scott (née Emma Matzo; b. Sept. 29, 1922), American actress known for her smoky voice. She played the femme fatale in many 1940s and 1950s film noir. She was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. She died at age 92 in Los Angeles, California.
2007 ~ Molly Ivins (née Mary Tyler Ivans; b. Aug. 30, 1944), American political humorist. She was born in Monterey, California. She died at age 62 of breast cancer in Austin, Texas.
1976 ~ Ernesto Miranda (né Ernesto Arturo Miranda; b. Mar. 9, 1941), American criminal who was convicted of kidnap, rape and armed robbery based on his confession under police interrogation. He was the Miranda in the United States Supreme Court Case, Miranda v. Arizona, which ruled that criminal suspects must be informed of their Constitutional rights. This case set the police standard of reading arrestees their Constitutional rights. He was born in Mesa, Arizona. He was stabbed to death in a bar fight at age 34 in Phoenix, Arizona.
1974 ~ Samuel Goldwyn (né Szmuel Gelbfisz; b. Aug. 17, 1882), Polish-born film studio executive and co-founder of Goldwyn Pictures. He was bornin Warsaw, Poland. He died at age 94 in Los Angeles, California.
1973 ~ Ragnar Frisch (né Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch; b. Mar. 3, 1895), Norwegian economist and recipient of the 1969 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He died at age 77 in Oslo, Norway.
1956 ~ A.A. Milne (né Alan Alexander Milne; b. Jan. 18, 1882), English author, best known for his Winnie the Poohseries of children’s books. He died 2 weeks after his 74th birthday.
1955 ~ John Mott (né John Raleigh Mott; b. May 25, 1865), American evangelist and recipient of the 1946 Nobel Peace Prize. He was born in Livington Manor, New York. He died at age 89 in Orlando, Florida.
1954 ~ Edwin Armstrong (né Edwin Howard Armstrong; b. Dec. 18, 1890), American engineer and inventor of the FM radio. He was born in Manhattan, New York. He died by suicide at age 63 in Manhattan, New York.
1945 ~ Eddie Slovik (né Edward Donal Slovik; b. Feb. 18, 1920), American Army private who was executed for desertion. He was the first such execution of an American soldier since the American Civil War. He was executed 18 days before his 25th birthday.
1933 ~ John Galsworthy (b. Aug. 14, 1867), British novelist and recipient of the 1932 Nobel Prize in Literature. He is best known for The Forsyte Saga. He died of a brain tumor at age 65.
1892 ~ Charles Spurgeon (né Charles Haddon Spurgeon; b. June 19, 1834), English Particular Baptist preacher. He died at age 57.
1856 ~ 11th Dalai Lama (né Khedrup Gyasto; b. Nov. 1, 1838). He died at age 17.
1632 ~ Jost Bürgi (b. Feb. 28, 1552), Swiss clockmaker and mathematician. He died 28 days before his 80th birthday.
1606 ~ Guy Fawkes (b. Apr. 13, 1570), English Catholic conspirator. He was the mastermind behind the Gunpowder Plot, which was a plot against Parliament and King James. He was captured on November 5, 1605, hence that day is known as Guy Fawkes Day. He was hanged two months later on January 31, 1606 at age 35.
1580 ~ Henry, King of Portugal (b. Jan. 31, 1512). He was king from August 1578 until his death on this date in 1580. He was also a Cardinal in the Catholic Church. He was known as Henry the Chaste. He never married and had no children. He was of the House of Avis. He was the son of Manuel I, King of Portugal and Maria of Aragon. He was the last member of the House of Aviz to rule Portugal. He died on his 68th birthday.
1435 ~ Xuande (b. Mar. 16, 1399), 5th Chinese Emperor of the Ming dynasty. His personal name was Zhu Zhanji. He ruled from June 1425 until his death in January 1435. He died of an illness at age 35.
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